I. Xiling Gorge

The Xiling Gorge of the Three Gorges is 66 kilometers from Xiangxi Estuary to Nanjinguan. Numerically, it is much longer than Wuxia Gorge, but it is actually not a long gorge that runs through it. Between He Miao and Nantuo, there is a wide valley 3 1 km long-Miaonan Wide Valley, which divides a canyon into two parts. The western section of Xiling Gorge includes Baojian Gorge, Niuganmafei Gorge and Kongling Gorge. There are Deng Ying Canyon and Huangmao Canyon in the east.

The Three Gorges is famous for its risky beaches, especially Xiling Gorge. "Xiling Beach is as thick as a bamboo knot, and the beach is full of ghosts and sorrows." There are more than 20 shoals, large and small, in the 60-kilometer waterway of Xiling Gorge, with an average of three kilometers. Some of these dangerous beaches are formed by the collapse of rocks on both sides of the Taiwan Strait. Some are caused by upstream stone alluvial; Some are dams protruding from the shore; Some are rocks protruding from the bottom of the river. On the dangerous beach, the water is boiling, bubbling, rolling, surging and thrilling. However, in recent years, after the completion of Gezhouba Water Control Project (in Yichang City), most of these dangerous beaches are buried under water, and the shipping conditions have been greatly improved.

? Second, Wu Wen Chibi

When the two dragons fought a decisive battle, Chibi's boat was swept away.

The fire shone on the sea of clouds, and Zhou Yu broke Tsao Gong here. (Li Bai's "Red Cliff Song Farewell or Singing Red Cliff")

Zhou Yu, who was recited by Li Bai in this poem, broke Cao Cao's Red Cliff, which is located in Chibi Mountain on the south bank of the Yangtze River in chibi city, Hubei Province (formerly Jiayu County, later renamed Puyin County and now renamed chibi city). In order to distinguish it from Wenchibi on the eastern slope of Huangzhou, people also call the Chibi in chibi city Wuchibi or Zhou Lang Chibi. Besides Wen and Wu Chibi, there are many places in Hubei called Chibi, but they are all made for the purpose of adding allusions, which is not worth further study.

Dongpo Chibi is located on the bank of the Yangtze River in the northwest of Huangzhou (now Huanggang City, Hubei Province). This is a reddish-brown stone cliff, which looks like a nose, so it is called Red Nose Mountain or Red Nose Rock. It is also called Chibi, because its Chibi stands like a wall. Before Su Shi, although there were a number of buildings here, people only regarded it as a place to enjoy the river view. Although some scholars in the Tang Dynasty associated it with the ancient battlefield in Battle of Red Cliffs during the Three Kingdoms period, it was not famous after all, and only when it was associated with Su Shi was it famous.

Su Shi came to Chibiji in the fifth year of Yuanfeng (AD 1082), when he was nearly half a century old. Thinking that many years ago, the imperial court failed to fight Xixia, and time passed, and his ambition to make contributions might also fail, Su Shi couldn't help but be filled with emotion and wrote the excellent work Niannujiao Nostalgia for the Red Cliff. This poem is a tribute to Zhou Yu, the hero of Battle of Red Cliffs in the Three Kingdoms. Battle of Red Cliffs happened in chibi city, Hubei Province, and scholar Su Shi had to know it. But poetry is for love, not for textual research. As a couplet in Erfutang wrote:

There is no need to make a mistake, but I feel it with the help of Jiangshan.

Passion spreads dreams, occasionally sings the wind and sings the moon, don't recite your whole life.

In Memories of the Past in Chibi, Su Shi not only yearns for the achievements of ancient "romantic figures", but also feels sad about his helpless situation.

In the same year, on July 6 10 and July 5 15, Su Shi went boating on the lower Yangtze River in Chibiji twice, and wrote famous pre-chibi Fu and post-chibi Fu. Er Fu had a far-reaching influence on later generations, including dramas, paintings and sculptures. They all took this as the theme and created considerable masterpieces. Wang Wenxi in Qing Dynasty once said, "If it weren't for the two poems of that year, how could Chibi be in Huangzhou?" . 」

Su Shi's activities in Huangzhou have added infinite elegance to Chibi. Since then, more and more tourists have come. The Qing people simply named Huangzhou Chibi Dongpo Chibi, which has been passed down to this day.

The architecture of Dongpo Chibi is exquisite. On the top of the Rocky Mountain, there are two pavilions and six pavilions in one hall, in perfect order. Most of their names come from Su Shi's poems. Er Fu Pavilion originated from Red Cliff Fu before and after; Yongjiang Pavilion is titled "A Bottle Returning to Yongjiang Moon"; Breaking the fairy pavilion means "feathering into immortality"; Ask the crane pavilion, which means "there are solitary cranes coming across the river." Cultural relics related to Su Shi are preserved in these buildings, which are enough for elegant people to savor.

Now, if you go to Kuaizai Pavilion in Huangzhou and want to see the magnificent scenery of the Yangtze River, you may be disappointed. Because of the siltation of the river, the river retreated one or two kilometers. Now Kuaizai Pavilion has become a village, which makes people sigh that things are different.

Third, Sun Quan.

Sun Quan (182-252), whose name was Zhong Mou, was the second son of Sun Jian, the satrap of Changsha in Han Dynasty. People with great temperament are good people. Before he ascended the throne, he often fought with his brother Sun Ce. In the fifth year of Jian 'an (AD 2000), Sun Ce died and succeeded the marquis of Wu. With the help of Zhang Zhao and Zhou Yu, the soldiers and civilians were appeased and the situation in Soochow was stabilized. In the thirteenth year of Jian 'an, he joined forces with Liu Bei, and Chibi defeated Cao Cao. Then he joined forces with Cao to fight against Shu, killed Guan Yu, the general of Liu Bei, and captured Jingzhou. Finally, he lived in Jiangdong, forming a situation of tripartite confrontation among the three countries. In the first year of Huanglong (AD 229), he became emperor in Wuchang (now Ezhou City, Hubei Province) and established Jianye as its capital (now Nanjing City).

(A) children should be like Sun Zhongmou.

Later generations often use the phrase "having children should be like Sun Zhongmou" to compare his son to do things like Sun Quan. This allusion comes from:

In the 18th year of Jian 'an (AD 2 13), in the first month, Cao Cao sent troops in vain (now Chao County, Anhui Province), and Sun Quan sent water troops to besiege, capturing more than 3,000 people and drowning thousands. Sun Quan ordered the sergeant to challenge several times, but Cao Cao insisted on refusing to fight. Sun Quan personally took a canoe from ruxu (now Wuwei County, Anhui Province) to Cao Jun's camp. General Cao Jun thought it was a challenge and wanted to attack. Cao Cao said, "It must be Sun Quan who came to explore our army." When martial law is ordered in the army, bows and arrows shall not be invalidated. Sun Quan walked five or six miles and went back to play drums for fun. Cao Cao saw that Sun Quanzhou's ship was neatly armed and the army was silent. He said with deep feelings, "My son should be like Sun Zhongmou, and Liu Jingsheng's son should be like a dolphin and a dog's ear!" Jingzhou Biao was a royal family in the Eastern Han Dynasty and held a wait-and-see attitude towards the warlords at that time. After Liu Biao's death, his son Liu Cong was weak and Cao Jun surrendered without a fight. So Cao Cao called him "dolphin dog", which means like a pig dog. After Sun Quan returned to camp, he sent a note to Cao Cao, which read: "Spring water will be born, so go quickly. Another piece of paper said, "Don't die, don't be alone. Cao Cao said to the generals, "Sun Quan kept it from me." Then retreat from the north. Cao Cao was fifty-nine years old, and Sun Quan, who was twenty years younger than him, not only dared not take it lightly, but also appreciated each other!

(2) Don't release the volume by hand.

Monroe, the general of Wu, didn't like reading when she was young. Sun Quan once said to Lv Meng, "You are now in charge of the military, so you should study hard to increase your intelligence. Lv Meng said that military affairs are very complicated. Sun Quan said, "I don't want you to study the Bible and become a doctor! But you should browse some books to understand the past history. You talk a lot. Emperor Guangwu of the Eastern Han Dynasty insisted on reading and reading regularly when he was in command of the war and the military was busy. This is the origin of the allusion "I can't put it down".

(3) Hit Zhuge Ke.

Zhuge Ke is a minister, his father and son Yu are Zhuge Liang's younger brother. His face is very long, like that of a donkey. One day, Sun Quan's ministers brought a donkey. They examined the donkey's face and wrote the words "Zhuge Yuzi" on the donkey. Zhuge Ke knew that Sun Quan was mocking his father, but he didn't think so. He quickly knelt down on the spot and said, "Please allow me to add two words." Sun Quan agreed. Zhuge Ke got a pen and wrote the word "Donkey" under the word "Zhuge Yuzi". The ministers present laughed hysterically. Sun Quan appreciated Zhuge Ke's wit and gave him the donkey.

Fourth, Zhou Yu

Speaking of Zhou Yu (175 ~ 2 10), people will naturally associate him with the image of being narrow-minded, jealous of talents and being grieved by Zhuge Liang in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms.

This has actually distorted Zhou Yu's image.

Zhou Yu, a native of Gong Jin, was born in Shu County, Lujiang (now Lujiang). He is young, handsome and charming. Wu Zhongren called him "Zhou Lang". He knows temperament well, and sometimes there is a proverb: "If the song is wrong, Zhou Lang will take care of it." When I was a teenager, I made an enemy with Sun Ce, and later became a brother-in-law (both of them married Gong Qiao's daughter). Sun Ce married Da Qiao and Zhou Yu married Xiao Qiao. This little lady Joe and Zhou Yu fought together in the south and north, and spent 12 years of loving life. After her death, she left many touching legends. Later generations of literati sang Zhou Yu's poems, and Xiao Qiao was often sung. For example, Du Mu's "When the east wind is not in time, the bronze sparrow terrace locks Er Qiao in spring" and Su Shi's "Thinking about the past, Xiao Qiao first married".

Zhou Yu treats people with "personal dignity". Veteran Cheng Pu thinks he is older and more successful than Zhou Yu, and he bullied Zhou Yu many times. Zhou Yu always "endures it, not compares it". Cheng Pu was finally moved. He said with emotion that getting along with Zhou Gongjin is like drinking, and you are intoxicated unconsciously.

What is even more rare is Zhou Yu's foresight. Before Battle of Red Cliffs, facing hundreds of thousands of Cao troops east of the Yangtze River, Sun Wu Group was in panic and advocated surrender. Zhou Yu calmly analyzed the four unfavorable factors of Cao Dajun: the uneven land in the north, unfamiliarity with ships, unaccustomed to water and soil, and no grass for horses, all of which were doomed. This analysis strengthened Sun Quan's determination to resist Cao Cao, and the United front between Sun and Wu was formed.

After meeting Cao Jun in Chibi, as Zhou Yu expected, Cao Jun fell ill because he didn't adapt to the water and soil. As his soldiers got seasick, he had to connect the warships end to end. Zhou Yu resolutely adopted the tactic of veteran Huang Gai and cheated and surrendered. It is said that Huang Gai put forward this plan when he saw Cao Jun's fleet connected at Wangjiangge today. They drove dozens of boats full of firewood and oil, and with the help of the wind, they rushed into the fleet of Cao Jun. "When the wind was strong, I noticed that the camps on the shore were delayed, and the smoke rose to the sky, and the people were burned to death and drowned. The army was defeated. 」

It is said that during the war, "Wulin set fire to Chibi", and the whole Chibi was dyed red by flames. At that time, Zhou Yu, the commander-in-chief standing in Shantou, Chibi, couldn't help but write down the word "Chibi" on the spur of the moment and carve it on the cliff in the face of the victory scene of "flying in smoke". However, according to later research, these two words were carved in the Tang Dynasty, because there were Taoist runes in the Tang Dynasty.

Zhou Yu easily commanded Battle of Red Cliffs in his prime of life, so it is no wonder that Su Shi sang with emotion: "I remember that Xiao Qiao was handsome and handsome at his first marriage, laughing and devastated." "Vividly depicts the image of a young and commanding general.

As for Zhuge Liang, he is only a supporting role in Battle of Red Cliffs. Many people think that Zhuge Liang is much older than Zhou Yu. This false impression may be influenced by The Romance of the Three Kingdoms and Pingju, because Zhuge Liang in both novels and Pingju is wily, and Zhou Yu is a heroic teenager. Actually, Zhuge Liang is six years younger than Zhou Yu. In Battle of Red Cliffs, Zhuge Liang is only 28 years old. He can be said to be a young strategist. Whether Zhuge Liang and Zhou Yu cooperated happily in this battle, the official history did not leave any clues. The story of "borrowing from the east wind" is purely a novelist's side story, and "Sanyu" is also nonsense in history. However, the Romance of the Three Kingdoms is seven points true and three points fictional, which makes many people puzzled.

According to the reflection? Zhou Yuchuan records that Zhou Yu died in Baqiu on his way back to Jiangdong from Jiangling at the age of 36, and Sun Quan wore plain clothes to mourn for him.

? V. Lu Xun

Du Fu, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, praised Zhuge Liang's achievements in his Eight Poems, saying: "Although the Three Kingdoms were divided, they were bound by his greatness, and the Eight Faces Castle was established because of his reputation. This river won't divert the stones from your disposal, and you will always regret that you will destroy Wu's unwise. At the end of the sentence, "He never conquered Wu" is a lament for the failure of Shu Han. Lu Xun (183-245), the fourth famous outstanding general after Zhou Yu, Lu Su and Monroe, was the key figure that led to the failure of "swallowing Wu".

Lu Xun has virtue only when he has it, and he has the wind of elders who don't avoid hatred in ancient times. The magistrate of Huijifu wrote to report that Lu Xun "took the people in vain and worried about them". Lu Xun went to Beijing to meet Sun Quan and praised Chunyu Kun as a "good official". Sun Quan was very surprised. He said to Lu Xun, "Why do you praise others for accusing you? Lu Xun said: "out of love for the people, suing me with a pure attitude just shows that he is a good official." How can I falsely accuse him with hatred in turn? " "Sun Quan admire, more value lu xun. He betrothed his brother Sun Ce's daughter to him and relied on him as a confidant.

22 1 year, Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor. Shortly after Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor, in order to avenge Guan Yu, he regained Jingzhou and led an army to conquer Sun Quan. At first, Liu Bei's army quickly occupied Wuxian (now Wushan County, Sichuan Province) and Zigui (now Zigui County, Hubei Province). A base camp was set up in Xiaoting (now Yichang City, Hubei Province), and the striker arrived at Yidu City, Hubei Province, and surrounded the army of Sun Quan's nephew Sun Huan. At this time, Lu Xun served as commander-in-chief of Wu Jun, and he adopted the strategy of the earlier the better, avoiding the edge of the Shu army and retreating from the mountain. Wu Jun retreated to Xiaoting and confronted the Shu army for six or seven months. The Shu army could not advance, and there was no chance of a decisive battle. Liu Bei mistakenly gave up his advantage of "going hand in hand with land", abandoned water and landed, moved the water army to land, and planted a company camp on the mountain. The weather is getting hotter, and the morale of the Shu army is lax and low. Lu Xun attacked with fire, and the Shu army set fire to the four miles. Liu Bei was defeated and led down archers to Ma 'anshan, northwest of Yiling. He was defeated by Lu Xun and almost became a prisoner of Sun Huan. Finally, Liu Bei broke through in the dark and fled to Baidicheng (now fengjie county, Sichuan).

Because of the victory of this campaign, Sun Quan named Lu Xun as an assistant general, led Jingzhou as a shepherd, and changed his country name to Jiangling Hou.

In May 228, Fu Caoxiu of Cao Wei deceived Zhou You, the satrap of Poyang, and led a hundred thousand troops into Anhui. Lu Xun was ordered to lead Huan Zhu, Quan Cong and other volleys, and defeated Cao Jun in Shi Ting (now between Huaining County and Tongcheng County, Anhui Province) and won tens of thousands. Lu Xun won. When crossing Wuchang, Sun Quan ordered Lu Xun to be covered with his own royal cover. In the second year, Lu Xun paid homage to the generals and Dadu and defended Wuchang (now Ezhou City, Hubei Province).

As a general, Lu Xun not only has superb military talents, but also has a set of strategies to govern the country and protect the people. In 244, Lu Xun entered Beijing to replace Gu Yong as prime minister, and Sun Quan spoke highly of it. In February, 245, while Lu Xun was demonstrating his ability to govern the country, he was involved in an incident in which Sun Quan's two sons competed with Sun Ba for the position of Crown Prince and was sent by Sun Quan. Lu Xun was resentful and depressed at the age of 63.

? 6. King Xiang of Chu

When King Xiang of Chu was a prince, his father was detained by the State of Qin, so Chu Chen made him king. After Qin ascended the throne, he sent his troops to attack Chu and defeated the Chu army. In 29 1 year BC, under the threat of Qin state, it re-aligned with Qin state. The following year, I married a woman from A Qin. In 285 BC, King Xiang of Chu joined forces in Wan (now Nanyang County, Henan Province). In 284 BC, it cut Qi with Qin, Sanjin and Yanqi, and won the land of Huaibei. In 283 BC, it formed an alliance with the Qin Dynasty. After a year, even the governors joined hands to cut Qin. In 280 BC, the State of Qin defeated the Chu army, and the State of Chu was forced to cede territory for peace. Subsequently, General Qin took the lead in cutting Chu for many years. In 278 BC, he attacked Ying capital, and the king of Chu fled to Chen (now Huaiyang County, Henan Province). The following year, Qin captured the three counties of Chu. Since then, although King Xiang of Chu has recovered some land, the national situation is getting worse and worse. He died after 36 years in office.

(A) Wushan sex

Later generations often describe the love between men and women as "Wushan Yu Yun", "Yu Yun on the balcony", "It's raining in the morning", "It's raining for the clouds" and "Love is raining", which is unpredictable. The source of its allusions is:

Qing Xiang, the king of Chu, and Song Yu swam on the platform of Yunmeng, and saw the changes in the sky over Gaotang (the name of the palace of Chu). Song Yu said it was facing the clouds, and said, "Chu Huaiwang once swam in Gaotang. After being tired, rest and dream during the day. I dreamed that a beautiful woman said to him, "I am the goddess of Wushan." I heard that you were traveling in Gaotang, so I came. "I am willing to marry you." Chu Huaiwang then huan will with her. Later, the goddess left and said, "I am in the south of Wushan, above the summit." It is sunny in the morning and rainy in the evening. All day, under the balcony. "In the morning, Chu Huaiwang really saw the clouds. So he built a temple for her, named Chaoyun Temple. 」

Original code

King Xiang of Chu and Song Yu of the past swam on the platform of Yunmeng, overlooking the scenery of Gaotang. There is a unique cloud on it, which goes straight up and down, suddenly changes face, and changes endlessly in an instant. Wang Wenyu: "Why are you angry?" Jade said, "The so-called cloud worshippers are also." The king said, "What is the cloud? Jade said, "The former king wanted to swim in Gaotang, slept in the daytime, and dreamed of a woman, saying," My daughter of Wushan is also a guest of Gaotang. Wen Jun visited Gaotang and wanted to recommend a pillow. " Wang Yinxing. When I was leaving, I said, "My concubine is in the sun of Wushan, and the hills and valleys hinder me. It is raining at dusk. Morning and evening, under the balcony. Shan Chao took it as a word. So in order to build a temple, it is called "Chaoyun." (Song Yu's "Gao Tang Mi")

(2) Qu Gao and Xiao.

King Xiang of Chu asked Song Yu, "What did you do wrong? Why is everyone dissatisfied with you? " ? Song Yu replied: "Yes, people will be dissatisfied with me. Once upon a time, there was a man singing in the capital. When he sang "Belle", thousands of people sang with him; When he sang Yang A and Qiu Lu, only a few hundred people echoed him. When he sang Yangchun and Snow White, only a few dozen people echoed him. When he sings more elegant music, only a few people can go along with it. Many people are dissatisfied with me, that's why! 」

Later generations used the term "lofty and widowed" to mean that bosom friends are rare, and it also meant profound remarks or elegant works, which few people could understand. "Chun Xue" is a metaphor for elegant works; The popular works of the metaphor of "Xialiba people" also come from this code.

Original code

King Xiang of Chu asked Song Yu, "Sir, what is his legacy? What happened to He Shimin's reputation? Song Yu said to him: "Just, naturally. May the king forgive him for his sin and make him finish his speech: those who have songs in the song are called "Xialiba people" at first, and those who belong to Qian Qian are at peace; Known as "the dew of Yang A", hundreds of people in the country belong to peace; Named "Chun Xue", there are only dozens of people who belong to the middle peace; China merchants carved feathers, and few people returned to China to make peace. It is its high music and rare harmony. " (Song Yu's "Ask the King of Chu")

Better late than never

Zhuang Xin was dissatisfied with Chu Qing's indulgence, ignoring political affairs and remonstrating, but Chu Qing's assistant king would not listen. Later, General Qin Jun attacked the capital of Chu, but failed, and the king of Chu fled. So King Xiang of Chu ordered people to recall Zhuang Xin, who had left Chu for Zhao, and asked him how to save the situation. Zhuang Xin said: "As the saying goes, it's never too late to see a rabbit and a dog; It's not too late to mend. " Once upon a time, Shang Tang and Zhou Wenwang both won the world by hundreds of miles. Since you repent and turn over a new leaf, you can recover lost ground. 」

Later generations used the metaphor of "better late than never" to explain that we should try our best to remedy the problem so as to avoid another accident.

Original code

Zhuang Xin said to King Xiang of Chu: "The king of Chu was left as the Duke of Zhou, right as Xiahou, and then as the Emperor Yanling and the Emperor Shouling. He lived a life of arrogance and extravagance, regardless of national politics, and the capital was in danger." Wang Xiang said, "Is your husband old?" Do you think Chu is just auspicious? Zhuang Xin said, "I sincerely see its inevitability and dare not think that the country is auspicious." If the king is lucky enough to have four sons, Chu will perish. I ask you to stay in Zhao for a long time to observe. Zhuang Xin went to Zhao and stayed in May. Guo Qin raised the land of Yan, Ying, Wu, Shang Cai and Chen, and Xiang Wang covered Chengyang. Therefore, it makes people feel anxious to collect Zhuang Xin from Zhao. Zhuang Xin said, "Promise. Zhuang Xinzhi, Wang Xiang said, "I can't use my husband's words. As for this, what can I do? " Zhuang Xin said to him: "I heard a rude word:" It's not too late to see rabbits and love dogs; It is never too late to mend. "I smell yesterday soup, wu refers to the warring states period. Chu Ce)

Seven, Song Yu

Song Yu was born and died in an unknown year. He was a poet and poet at the end of the Warring States Period. His life is only recorded sporadically in Han Shu, Biography of Han Poetry, Selected Works of Zhaoming, Old Events in Xiangyang, Notes on Water Mirror, etc. And they contradict each other. Historical records? Biographies of Qu Yuan and Jia Sheng: "After Qu Yuan's death, there were followers of Song Yu, Jing Ke in Chu, all of whom loved Ci and were called Fu Jian. But they are all grandfathers of Qu Yuan's gossip, and they dare not directly remonstrate. Referring to Song Yu's works again, we can see that his activities were after Qu Yuan and at the same time as Le Tang and Jingjing. His family is poor and has nothing to wear in winter. He worked for King Xiang of Chu, but politically he dared not directly remonstrate like Qu Yuan.

Song Yu's works were first published in Hanshu? Sixteen articles of the Records of Arts and Literature. Today, Wang Yi's Songs of the South contains nine arguments and evocation. Xiao Tong's Selected Works of Zhaoming contains five articles: Feng Fu, Gao, Goddess Fu, Disciple Fu and Ask the King of Chu. There are six pieces in Zhang Qiao's Gu Wen Yuan: flute playing, big eyes, small words, satire, fishing and dancing. Three pieces of Gaotangdui, Wei Yongfu Dui and Ying Zhong Dui were found in Wen Guangxuan by Liu Jie in the Ming Dynasty. However, the authenticity of these works is mixed, and only one "Nine Arguments" is credible and uncontroversial. Evocation is controversial, and it is generally believed that Qu Yuan did it. There are still some people, such as Gao, Goddess Fu, Disciple Fu and Feng Fu, who think that it was not written by Song Yu, but their position in the history of literature is still quite important.

Nine Debates is a very long lyric poem, which expresses the injustice of "the poor are dereliction of duty" and exposes the darkness of reality to some extent. The poet's feelings are sincere, but not as strong and persistent as Qu Yuan's, and his mood is relatively low. The theme of sorrowful autumn in poetry and the lyrical technique of borrowing scenery have had a far-reaching influence on later poetry creation. Autumn wind poems written by Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, such as Song of Yan by Cao Pi, Qiu Si by Cao Zhi, Mourning Autumn by Xiahou Zhan, Autumn Fu by Jiang Zhou, Autumn Night Poetry by Zhan, Sad Autumn Night by He Jin, etc. Are in the same strain as the nine debates. This is what many writers follow.

Poems such as "Gao", "Goddess Fu" and "Lothario Fu" describe women's facial expressions and physical appearance with rich imagination and exquisite techniques, which also have certain influence in the history of literature. This kind of works may originate from the tradition of begging women to obey heaven in Li Sao, but there are more sentimental thoughts and less irony. After the Han Dynasty, Li Furen Fu of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Beauty Fu of Sima Xiangru, Luo Shen Fu of Cao Zhi and Jiang Fei Fu of Xie Lingyun all started from this. Between Liang and Chen in the Southern Dynasties, it evolved into the last stream of palace poems and erotic poems. An article about Feng Fu compares "the majestic style of the king" and "the feminine style of Shu Ren", and describes the life differences between politicians and ordinary people. Although it is a game entertainment article, it is somewhat ironic and enlightening for future writers.

Although Song Yu's achievements are difficult to compare with Qu Yuan's, he is the direct successor of Qu Yuan's poetic art. In his works, the description of things tends to be delicate and meticulous, and the combination of lyricism and scenery writing is natural and appropriate, which plays a connecting role between Chu Ci and Han Fu. Later generations often call it "Qu Song", which shows the position of Song Yu in the history of literature.

? Eight, the scenery is poor

The date of birth and death of Jingcha is unknown. Jingchai is one of the three surnames of Chu royal family, namely, Zhao, Qu and. The explanation of Pei Zhi Shi Ji quoted Guangxu to say his name or celebrate it. Ancient and modern figures in the history of Bangu Han Dynasty also said their names. He was later than Qu Yuan and contemporary with Song Yu. According to the ancient legend of Xiangyang, he was a friend of Song Yuzhi, and he was a king of Chu Xiang and a doctor. It is as famous as Song Yu and Le Tang, and under the influence of Qu Yuan, it has formed a literary school famous for its Ci and Fu. His works have long been lost, so Han Shu Literature and Art Annals has not been recorded. I can only see that Wang Yi's "Songs of the South" has great tricks, either written by Qu Yuan or poor scenery. But later generations are suspicious and don't believe it.