The nipple is a part of the breast structure. There are many mammary vesicles in the breast, and each mammary vesicle has a mammary duct leading to the nipple. The milk secreted by mammary vesicles in postpartum women can drip from mammary duct to nipple. Girls' nipples will bulge alone before puberty. Since then, nipples and breasts have raised a hill. With the further enlargement of the breast, the nipple and areola protrude on the breast contour. In the mature stage, the average person's nipple protrudes outward. Unmarried women and infertile women have smaller nipples. Only after pregnancy, the breasts and nipples are affected by estrogen and progesterone of pregnant women, mammary vesicles and mammary ducts proliferate, and nipples gradually increase and become more prominent, preparing for feeding children. The normal nipple is conical, about 1.5-2 cm higher than the nipple plane. Nipple depression is not uncommon among girls before marriage, and it has no effect on their health. Of course, they can get married, have children and build a happy family. Although nipple depression is not a serious illness, if it cannot be corrected in time, it will often leave hidden dangers for the health of lactating mothers and babies, which should not be underestimated. Nipple depression can be divided into congenital and acquired types. Congenital nipple dysplasia; The day after tomorrow, because of wearing a bra too early or wearing a bra too tightly in adolescence, the nipple can not develop or even shrink because of contraction and compression. Inflammatory contracture can also cause nipple depression. Nipple depression can also be divided into three types: true nipple depression, nipple invagination and false nipple depression. If the nipple is trapped in the milk scene and not pulled higher than the old one, it is a sexual nipple depression; If the nipple turns inward and cannot be pulled out, it is also called nipple invagination; If it is on the same plane as the breast skin, it is called flat nipple, also known as false nipple depression. The above kinds of nipple depressions are all due to the poor development of smooth muscle of nipple areola, and the nipple is not prominent because the nipple internal mammary duct is too short. There are four main hazards of nipple depression: first, nipple is deeply immersed in areola skin, local dimples can not be washed away for a long time, secretions and pollutants can not be removed, giving off an unpleasant smell, which is easy to cause nipple areola inflammation, even bleeding and erosion, forming chronic inflammation; Second, the nipple can't be exposed, the mother can't breastfeed, and the baby can't suck milk, which affects the baby's development; Third, the poor discharge of maternal milk will lead to breast duct obstruction and milk deposition, which is prone to acute mastitis and breast abscess. If the mother never breastfeeds, it will also increase the chance of developing breast tumors; Fourthly, nipple depression is harmful to female chest bodybuilding and loses its proper curve. Therefore, it is necessary to actively prevent and treat nipple depression. Girls should wear bras of appropriate size according to the size of breasts to ensure that nipples can develop well. You can open a hole in the front end of the bra corresponding to the nipple, and just squeeze out the invaginated nipple after wearing the bra. Nipple depression can be corrected, and the timing of correction should be before delivery. Mild nipple depression can be treated conservatively first. Wash with warm water twice a day, and then gently pull the inverted nipple outward. Don't pull too hard to avoid damaging the nipple. You can also gently pull out when you wipe your nipple in the shower, and pull it repeatedly to make the nipple protrude. If you can't pull it out, you can put your thumb on both sides of the nipple and push it back and forth hard, three times a day, five times each time. After marriage, the man can suck his wife's inverted nipple. This kind of sucking can not only correct nipple invagination, but also prevent mammary gland inflammation, and of course make husband and wife's sexual life more harmonious. If nipple invagination is not corrected before delivery, a glass eye drop bottle can be used. The thick end is buckled on the nipple, and the thin end is connected with the syringe by a rubber tube. The air in the bottle is pumped out to make it negative pressure, and the nipple is sucked out. Take it off after a few minutes, and then pull it by hand to stop it from retracting. This method can be repeated if necessary. You can also use a 5 ml or 10 ml syringe to pull out the internal plug and connect it to the electric aspirator. Negative pressure of 400 ~ 500 mm Hg can suck nipples. You can treat 1 time every day and inhale repeatedly. The course of treatment is 20th 1, and some slightly sunken nipples can also be pulled out. Severe nipple invagination needs plastic surgery to correct it. Under local anesthesia, several small diamond-shaped skin in areola were removed, and the fibrous tissue and smooth muscle of invaginated nipple were removed to make the nipple stand upright, and then ligation and suture were performed. The stitches were removed 7 days after operation, and then suction therapy 1 ~ 2 weeks was performed to prevent recurrence.

Correction method of nipple invagination;

If the nipple of an adult woman is trapped under the skin surface of the areola and does not protrude out of the plane of the areola, it is called nipple inversion. The degree of nipple invagination varies, some only show nipple invagination, and the most serious performance is nipple depression or even inversion. Nipple invagination not only hinders the beauty of the breast, but also hinders the lactation function, and it is difficult to clean locally. The concave part is easy to hide dirt and accept dirt, which often causes local infection. The mammary duct is connected with the concave part, and inflammation can spread into the breast, causing mastitis, which should be corrected.

Nipple invagination is mainly congenital, but it can also be caused by trauma or surgery, breast tumor and fibroplasia after mastitis. The main cause of congenital nipple invagination is the dysplasia of smooth muscle of nipple and areola. These muscle fibers are pulled inward, and the lack of supporting tissue under the nipple forms nipple invagination. Entrapment usually occurs on both sides at the same time or unilaterally. The inverted nipple can come back as long as it is squeezed or pulled slightly, which belongs to mild nipple inversion, also known as reversible nipple inversion. This kind of nipple invagination can be corrected by non-surgical conservative treatment, and the best time for treatment is before marriage or early pregnancy. Specific methods include manual traction and instrument traction.

Hand traction: squeeze the nipple out of the skin surface by yourself, hold the nipple horizontally or vertically with your thumb and forefinger, and pull the nipple outward continuously or intermittently for about 30 minutes each time, alternating sides. 3-5 times a day. Instrument traction: that is, using the negative pressure principle to suck out the nipple with a manual or electric breast pump, or sucking out the nipple continuously or intermittently, 30 minutes each time, alternating on both sides, 3-5 times a day. After two months, the above two correction methods can get good results.

Irreversible nipple inversion, that is, severe nipple inversion, can only be corrected by surgery. The operation is to completely loosen the invaginated muscle fiber bundle and fill the surrounding tissue under the nipple, so as to enhance the supporting force of the nipple and make the nipple bulge and plastic. Surgery is generally performed under local anesthesia, and there are various surgical methods, which can be selected purposefully according to specific conditions. The operation is carried out in the areola, which is small and will not leave obvious surgical scars. Under normal circumstances, it will not damage the sensory nerve of the nipple, so it will not hinder the normal feeling of the nipple after operation. Surgery generally does not destroy the mammary duct, so it will not cause breastfeeding disorders.

Doctors especially remind patients after surgical correction that the possibility of recurrence still exists. Therefore, after surgical suture removal for 5-7 days, it is necessary to manually pull the nipple for 1-2 months, and if conditions permit, it can also be pulled with instruments to consolidate the curative effect and prevent the recurrence of nipple invagination.