1. Planting

Buddha's hand is not cold tolerant and is more shade tolerant. Excessive light will cause sunburn or damage to the shallow roots. The suitable temperature for its growth is 10-31℃. It needs to be moved to a greenhouse for overwintering if it is below 0℃. It can still grow normally at 43℃. In Guangdong and Guangxi, it can be grown in the open field, with about 110 plants per mu. Bergamot does not have strict requirements on soil quality. Sandy loam that is loose, fertile, breathable and has good water seepage is preferred, followed by yellow-red sandy soil. Seedlings can be planted in all seasons after the new shoots turn green, and the best planting periods are January to May and August to September.

2. Fertilization

Fertilizing bergamot should be based on the age and growth of the tree. Generally, quick-acting organic fertilizer should be applied once a month from March to August in the first three years; after entering the fruiting period, top dressing can be applied three times a year, with bran cake, compost, and Human and animal manure and phosphorus and potassium fertilizers or compound fertilizers should be added, and special attention should be paid to the application of winter fertilizers.

Before the fruiting period, Bergamot should be fertilized with tip-shooting fertilizer: that is, quick-acting chemical fertilizers and farmyard manure should be applied once 10 days before spring, summer and autumn shoots. Generally, about 30g of urea is applied to each plant. Mix 100g of phosphate fertilizer with 5kg of chicken and cow manure, combine it with cultivating and weeding, dig a circular trench 30cm wide and 25cm deep and apply it, covering it tightly with soil. Do not fertilize after September to prevent leggy shoots in late autumn.

The bergamot can enter the fruiting period in the second year after planting, and can continue to bear fruit for about 30 years. Fertilizer should be applied four times a year. The first pre-flowering fertilizer should be applied in mid-March, with 5 kilograms of decomposed human excrement applied to each plant; the second time during the peak flowering period, when a larger amount of fertilizer is needed, each plant should be fertilized with decomposed chicken. 5 kg of cow dung and 150 g of urea.

For the third time, apply fruit-strengthening fertilizer before and after the "Slight Heat", and apply phosphorus and potassium fertilizers to promote fruit expansion and increase yield. Apply 1 kilogram of compound fertilizer to each plant mixed with 5 kilograms of decomposed chicken and cow dung. , and spray foliar fertilizer once with 100g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed with 50kg of water, which is very beneficial to promoting vigorous tree vigor and fruit enlargement. Apply fruit fertilizer for the fourth time; after fruit picking in September-October, dig a symmetrical ditch 40 cm wide and 40 cm deep on both sides of the plant along the drip line of the crown, and apply 10 kg of decomposed chicken and cow dung and 1 compound fertilizer to each plant. Kilogram and mix back to the pit.

3. Planting

After one year of cultivating cuttings or grafted seedlings, when the seedlings are 50 cm high, they can be planted in spring and autumn. When the temperature starts to warm up in February, new shoots will be ready. It is better during germination. Generally, for cultivated land, first arrange the surrounding drainage ditches, and dig nests about 3m apart between rows. If you use the corners of the field for planting, you can plant them slightly densely. The diameter of the nest is about 50 cm and the depth is 30 cm. The soil in the nest should be fine, and it is best to use a triangular shape. arrangement. One seedling is planted in each nest. It must be planted upright with the fibrous roots extending in all directions. Use fine soil to block the roots. Lift them upwards several times to make the roots closely connected with the soil. Then cover with fine soil and compact it firmly, and finally cover the soil with soil slightly above the ground.

4. Management

During the flowering period of Bergamot, the excess flowers and male flowers can be cut off, leaving only 1-2 flowers on each short branch. It is safer to pick them when they have young fruits. Remove fallen leaves and residual branches in winter. During the growth period, severely diseased leaves should be removed and buried or burned to prevent re-infection of the fungus.

Draw deep ditches around the ground-planted bergamot garden to lower the groundwater level, maintain appropriate soil moisture, and enhance soil permeability. Spray nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizers, micro-fertilizers and Green Fenwei on the leaves, and spray borax during the initial and full flowering stages to increase the lifespan and photosynthetic capacity of the leaves, promote branch maturity and nutrient accumulation, enhance plant resistance, and increase yield.

Extended information:

Buddha's hand is an irregularly branched shrub or small tree. New shoots, buds and flower buds are all dark purple-red, and the stems and branches are spiny, with thorns up to 4 cm long. Single leaves, rarely single and compound leaves, with joints but no wing leaves; petioles short, leaves elliptical or ovate-elliptical, 6-12 cm long, 3-6 cm wide, or larger, with rounded tops Or blunt, sparsely short-pointed, with shallow blunt cracked teeth on the leaf margin.

The racemes have up to 12 flowers, sometimes with axillary single flowers; the flowers are bisexual, if there is a tendency for unisexual flowers, the pistils will be degenerated; the petals are 5, 1.5-2 cm long; the stamens are 30-50 The style is thick and long, and the stigma is capitate. The ovary divides immediately after the flowers fall off, and becomes finger-like strips of flesh during the development of the fruit.

The fruit is finger-shaped and can weigh up to 2000 grams. The peel is light yellow, rough, very thick, and difficult to peel off. The inner skin is white or slightly yellow, cotton, soft, and the capsule is 10-15 cm long. The petals are colorless, almost transparent or light milky yellow, crisp, sour or slightly sweet, and aromatic.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Buddha's Hand