Daye Wedding Customs: "Crying to Marry" Through the long history, many customs and habits of the Daye people, whose ancestral home is in western Jiangxi, have been influenced by surrounding customs, but some customs have been well preserved. For example, when people in Daye get married, they have always followed the "crying marriage" custom of the Tujia people in western Ganxi. Generally, a girl will not go out to do work ten days and a half before receiving the notification from her husband about the wedding day. Instead, he set up a table in the boudoir, placed ten bowls of tea, and invited his neighbors and children to sit around and sing the wedding song. There are rules for crying: usually it lasts for three to five days, but sometimes it lasts as long as ten days and a half. The main content is to recall the love between mother and daughter, talk about the pain of separation, thank the parents for their upbringing, ask the brothers and sisters to take care of their elderly parents, teach the daughter how to behave, etc. Crying has a melody, ups and downs, and is a very difficult art that combines crying with singing. When crying, he uses modal words such as "hum", "man", and "ah ah ah", crying and complaining, which is sad and moving. For example, "crying for my sister": reminiscing about the good times spent with my sister; "crying for the master" (pronounced "伢") for the mother: tracing the deep love between mother and daughter; "crying for the mother for the daughter": expressing the mother's concern and expectations for her daughter. The custom of weeping in marriage has been around for a long time, reflecting the sincere nature of the local people. When the daughter is about to leave, those crystal tears are the deep love for the mother and the homeland. The tears welling up on the mother's face are the lifelong advice and love for her daughter. Only Daye people understand such deep feelings. Daye Spring Festival customs 1. Time. The Spring Festival in Daye area is usually celebrated on New Year's Eve, which is the last day of the year. But for some people named Liu, it is the 29th day of the New Year, the day before the end of the year. It is said that the ancestors surnamed Liu were looking forward to the New Year so much that they moved the New Year's Eve one day forward. 2. Warm up the fire. On New Year's Eve, families usually gather around the fire to warm up, so most families prepare a large tree stump for this night several months in advance. The stronger the fire, the more prosperous life will be in the coming year. 3. Happy New Year. After the New Year's Eve is celebrated in Daye area, the most important thing after the New Year is to pay New Year greetings. Relatives within Wufu must pay New Year greetings to each other. The form of New Year greetings is to visit each other's home and send some cakes and a snack. Two pounds of pork. And the time of New Year greetings is also particular. On the first day of the New Year, New Year greetings are given to the most respected relatives or relatives, such as grandparents, parents, parents-in-law, etc. New Year greetings on this day show the greatest respect for this person. The second day of the Lunar New Year is to pay New Year greetings to those who have died in the family in the past year. If a relative has passed away in the past year, all his relatives will pay homage to the deceased in his family's ancestral hall on this morning. People pay New Year greetings. On this day, you are not allowed to go to the homes of people who have no relatives who have died during the New Year. Going there is taboo, and it is a curse on others for bad luck in the coming year. Starting from the third day of the Lunar New Year, we have been paying New Year greetings to relatives other than the two days mentioned above. The later the time is, the more distant the relationship between relatives. 4. Turn on the lights. In the Daye area, all the lights in the home must be lit on the first and second day of the lunar month, as well as the 14th, 15th and 16th days of the first lunar month, so that everything is brightly lit. It is said that the human world has offended God, and the Jade Emperor wants to punish the human world. He wants to make the human world a sea of ??life during those few days. I don’t know who leaked the news, so the human world lit up all the lights in the house during those few days to make the Jade Emperor grow old. The son mistakenly thought that someone was angry, so he used this to ward off evil spirits and avoid disaster. 5. Play drums and gongs. That is, during the six days when the lights are turned on, all the young people in the village go to the door of every house with drums and gongs. Everyone who arrives must set off firecrackers. The longer the firecrackers, the more enthusiastic they are. Pastries and cigarettes are also served to those who visit the drums and gongs. . 6. Betting on copper coins. That is, use two ancient copper coins with holes in the middle, let them rotate, and then cover them with a bowl. If the upward faces of the two coins when they stop rotating are the same, they are "holes" (homophonic, I don't know the true meaning). If they are different, they are "holes". "Separation" (homophone, I don't know the true meaning), and then let everyone guess whether it is a "hole" or a "separation". The one who guesses correctly wins, and the one who guesses wrong loses. Judging from the tools used for betting, this activity must have a history of more than a hundred years. 7. Play with dragon lanterns and lion lanterns. That is, after the sixth day of the first lunar month, larger villages organize a dragon lantern and lion lantern performance. All the sons-in-law and nephews in the village are organized to help during that time, and then perform in other places to pray for good weather in the places they go. 8. Small taboos. For example, if you make more rice on New Year's Eve, it means you have more than enough every year. During the New Year, you can only say "have" when you are full, and you can only say "enjoy" when you fall asleep. You cannot touch the ground on New Year's Eve. , the water used on the first day of the Lunar New Year cannot be poured outside. It must be poured at home and collected until the second day of the Lunar New Year. Daye Folk Building Customs Building Beam Raising Etiquette When building a house in Daye's rural areas, a beam raising ceremony is usually held. However, due to different economic conditions, some ceremonies are very grand and some are relatively simple. But they are all full of strong nostalgia. In the ceremony, the carpenter and ink master usually play the leading role. Now I will introduce a more grand ceremony: Make preparations first. The host placed a square table in the middle of the main room, placed two bricks on the table, and placed the back of the beam across the table. The hoe was placed in the east to stabilize the beam. The golden mouth was close to the front of the middle beam, and the gauze caps were placed on the On the table in front of the center beam, there is also an incense bowl, two red candles, two tea bowls, a tube of fragrance, a knife of yellow paper, a wine pot, three wine glasses, two bags of cakes and candies, and green cloth. One piece, two pieces of five-foot-long red cloth (commonly known as five-foot-long red cloth), one for each famous bricklayer, several red axes (depending on the number of master bricklayers participating in the ceremony), a few cigarettes, and live roosters One was tied up and thrown under the table.

The carpenter's ink master placed the axe, ink fountain, and ruler on the table, with the five-foot leaning against the front of the table; the bricklayer's tile knife and hanging ruler were placed on the right side of the table. When the preparations are ready, the carpenter and his employer wash their hands and faces. Then, the employer lights candles, lights incense to worship the gods, and asks the carpenter to build the beams. The master carpenter came to the table and said: "Oh, Lu Ban came late, it is time to raise the beams." If it is morning, he said: "Oh, Lu Ban came early, it is a good time to raise the beams." Put the cloth on the beam, from the beginning to the end of the beam, hang five feet of red on the five feet, tie the ax red on the ax handle, light a few sticks of incense, make an upward bow, and put three incense in the inkstone on the table; Turn around, bow to the front door, place an incense stick in front of the door, and place an incense stick under the tile knife. Start lifting the beam. The master carpenter hit the head of the beam with an ax and said: "The beam is sealed!" The man returned to the table, faced the beam and said: "The name is beam, listen carefully. You were born on the fairy mountain and grew up under the cliff. Rare and good materials, the weather has matured, and they are ready for great use. There are no teachers but officials. God listens to the ministers, and the wood listens to the craftsmen. I now ennoble you as the central beam of the main hall (commonly known as Danliang). You said: During the day, the high hall will be used to illuminate all industries. Prosperous; the night is full of righteousness, and everything will be safe. I hereby seal it, and you will obey the orders of the craftsman." After sealing the beam, sacrifice it. Offer wine first. Take a pot and drink the "Colorful Text in Praise of the Wine Pot"; pour the wine and chant the "Colorful Text in Praise of the Wine"; offer sacrifices to the gods of heaven and earth, chant the relevant colorful text, and light a stick of incense and sprinkle a glass of wine with each sentence. , burn a piece of yellow paper, and burn eleven sticks of incense; sprinkle three cups of wine on Liangkou, Liangyao, and Liangyuan respectively, and chant: "One cup of wine is offered to the head of the Liang Dynasty, and loyalty will be passed down from generation to generation; two cups of wine is offered to the people Liangyao, Dongjun comes and rises step by step; three cups of wine are sacrificed to Liangyuan, and the number one scholar is sacrificed from generation to generation." Bring up the rooster from under the table, hold it in front of the table, sing "Chicken Blood Sacrifice Colorful Wen", break the comb, and rub the rooster's blood on Liangkou Zhongmo, Liangtou, Liangyao, Liangyuan, and Wuchi respectively. superior. The contents of the chants are mostly congratulations. After the chicken blood sacrifice, he threw the chicken forward and said: "The golden rooster flew over the beam, and the descendants and grandchildren are in the court hall." Then, he shouted: "Wear a colorful hat!" The other carpenters handed him the gauze hat and said, "Go up the beam." Pillow!" After the beam pillow is hung, the beam is raised. The carpenter and ink master shouted: "When you ascend the beam, you ascend to the east first, and your descendants will be in the court; after you ascend the beam, you ascend to the west, and your descendants will wear court clothes!" People coming from both sides rolled up the beam cloth, grasped the golden mouth, and climbed up, saying: "Put your feet on it. He stepped up the ladder and climbed up step by step, saying: "If you cross the beam once, you will be a high-ranking official; if you cross the beam twice, the dragon and phoenix will appear auspicious; if you cross the beam three times, the hall will be full of gold and jade." , when he closed the golden mouth of the middle pillar, he said: "What are you shaking your head and wagging your tail? Zhang Lang asked you two to kiss each other, Lu Ban asked you to open the golden mouth, the golden mouth to the golden mouth, the gold and silver piles are as high as the Big Dipper." At this time, the master who lifted the beam stabilized the beam with his left hand, grabbed the ax with his right hand, and stood ready. Immediately afterwards, it entered the most lively, active and attractive climax stage of the beam raising ceremony. The master of calligraphy holds the beam and sings "Colorful Words for Liang Qi": "Oh, yes! The sky has opened the ecliptic, and the purple is shining brightly. It is a good day and a good time, and just now the fairy wind blows on my face. I suddenly feel a sudden impulse and look up. , I saw clouds floating in the sky..." There are 360 ??sentences, most of which are congratulations to the host's family. The language is lively and humorous. Every time the calligrapher sings a sentence, the others will shout "Hello! "After singing "Cai Ci", the beam returned to its position, and the ink master said: "The ax fell to the ground smoothly." Or said: "If the ax falls to the ground and tilts a few times, there will be a report in the future. Report it to the minister first." "Then the masters threw down their axes." Then, the ink master put the beam cloth on the middle ink on the front and rear side beams and the middle beam, saying: "Put gold on the front, silver on the back, and a cornucopia in the middle." He set off firecrackers to celebrate. Afterwards, the bricklayer stood on the wall and shouted "Baba Cai". The bricklayer carried the package of daddy, raised it up and shouted: "The daddy is fragrant and sweet. Let me tell you the origin. It is plowed in July, planted in August, and the soil is cracked in the twelfth lunar month of winter..." The content of his chant was to congratulate the owner on the harvest. There is a good harvest, people and animals are prosperous, and there are more than a hundred colorful words. He shouts and sprinkles cakes. Every time he shouts a sentence from above, the people below all shout in unison: "Happy!" and compete for the cakes to eat. At this point, everyone who raised the beam came down. The ink master also sent congratulations to the owner: "Purple gold beam, purple gold beam, purple gold beam is ten thousand feet high, the front eaves are as high as the front door. It is good to wait for the unicorn to send the noble son, and there is no need to give birth to the golden eagle. The middle beam is as high as the middle hall, so as to be the number one scholar in the new subject. , Qingzheng beats Laobao. The building is completed in a good mood, and wealth will come from all directions. Congratulations to the owner: I will have children and grandchildren, and I will be prosperous and prosperous for thousands of years!" After the congratulations, the owner will give the gift and prepare it. A few cartons of cigarettes were distributed to the masters. Then a banquet was held for all the masters, relatives and friends. The beam-raising ceremony started.