Advantages: (1) After the fast-growing gene is added, it can grow faster and bigger, thus improving the yield and quality; (2) Mixing genes of different foods can produce new food varieties; (3) After adding the genes of cold-resistant, heat-resistant and dry-resistant food, food can grow in a worse environment; (4) After adding insect-resistant genes, pests will die after eating this crop, thus reducing the use of pesticides. Pesticides can be sprayed on a large scale to kill weeds, pests and other organisms without worrying about harming crop growth. Disadvantages: the crisis of genetically modified food (the harm of genetically modified food to human body) There are many hidden dangers in genetically modified food. Now I'd like to introduce 9 kinds: 1. Disturb the ecological balance and go against nature. In nature, organisms achieve and maintain biodiversity through hybridization and gene mutation of different species. And different creatures are linked together through the food chain, forming a cycle, which makes nature endless. The modification of biological genes in genetically modified food will seriously destroy the ecological balance, violate the laws of nature, threaten biodiversity, and even make an animal or plant endangered. 2. The emergence of super pests and super weeds. Some improved plants are insect-resistant, but they may also produce some super pests with antibodies to pesticides, eroding crops; In addition, improved plants or animals may be infected with some new viruses and spread to humans through the food chain. Pollen and seeds of genetically modified crops may be inadvertently spread to neighboring fields, thus changing similar traditional varieties. For example, weeds may become "super weeds" after absorbing herbicide-resistant genes, which will not only disturb the ecological balance, but also pose a threat to food production. Planting crops that can resist herbicides may also lead farmers to increase the use of herbicides, causing greater damage to soil and environment. Take transgenic soybeans and insect-resistant vegetables that are resistant to weeds as examples. The pollen of transgenic soybean crosses with the close relatives of nearby weeds, which may produce super weeds that are not easy to destroy. 3. Introducing allergenic genes into food changes the structure of food, which is easy to make consumers sensitive, and leads to the transfer and spread of allergenic genes due to transgene. 4. Failure of antibiotic therapy When some genes are implanted into some cells, in order to determine whether these genes can be successfully implanted, scientists sometimes add a marker gene of antibiotic resistance. If successfully implanted, the new cells will have the ability to resist antibiotics and increase the drug resistance of bacteria. Many crops have been transplanted with insect-resistant genes, making them resistant to antibiotics. In the future, if humans are infected with these bacteria or eat these "new" varieties of food, the use of antibiotics may lose its efficacy and make antibiotics unable to play a therapeutic role. More seriously, antibiotics may one day have no therapeutic effect on some "super viruses" that are resistant and difficult to treat. Antibiotic resistance marker genes-If cells contain antibiotic resistance marker genes, they will create a kind of protein, so that the growth of cells will not be affected by certain antibiotics. One of the functions of changing genes by changing food nutrition is to speed up the growth of crops in order to earn more profits. This "quick" planting method only changes the growth speed of plants, but it may not change the speed at which plants absorb nutrients, and the nutritional value of plants may be reduced. 6. Use microorganisms that can produce toxins or are directly fatal in the process. Using microorganisms that can produce toxins or be directly fatal in the process of genetically modified food. People who eat these foods may get sick or even die. 7. Gene transfer of harmful substances to other pathogenic microorganisms Viruses are used to transfer genes in the manufacturing process of genetically modified foods, but it is impossible to control what genes are transferred, so harmful or pathogenic genes may be transferred to microorganisms, and genetically modified foods may also contain pathogenic microorganisms. 8. Gene extinction Some multinational pharmaceutical companies, in order to safeguard their own interests, do not hesitate to add extinction genes to genetically modified crops, so that genetically modified crops can only reproduce for one generation and make some crops extinct. In addition, when new genetically modified foods continue to develop, old foods will be forgotten, leading to gene extinction. 9. The safety of genetically modified food cannot be detected 1996, and many people begin to pay attention to genetically modified food. At that time, the United States planted Monsanto genetically modified soybeans and successfully resisted their best-selling pesticides for the first time. More than 40% of American soybeans are exported. When the first batch of genetically modified soybeans were shipped to Europe, they were mixed with ordinary soybeans. The American Soybean Association refused to isolate genetically modified soybeans on the grounds that they were "basically equivalent" to ordinary soybeans. This theory of "substantial equivalence" has become an international standard and the basis for detecting genetically modified foods. According to this principle, they will compare some chemical characteristics of genetically modified foods with other types of foods of the same variety. If the two are roughly similar, genetically modified foods do not need to undergo rigorous testing because they are assumed to be as dangerous as non-genetically modified foods. From a scientific point of view, it is seriously wrong to take "substantial equivalence" as the basis of risk assessment, and it cannot be used as a condition of food safety. Because genetically modified foods may contain unpredictable new substances, which are toxic or may cause allergic reactions, as mentioned above.