In terms of size: the smallest cervical vertebra, the largest thoracic vertebra and the largest lumbar vertebra.

Morphology: The spinous process of the cervical vertebra is short and forked, approximately horizontal, and the spinous process of the seventh cervical vertebra is particularly long, which is an important symbol for counting the number of ribs. The first cervical vertebra is also called atlas, and the second cervical vertebra is also called axis. The spinous process of thoracic vertebra is inclined backward and downward, showing imbricate shape. The spinous process of lumbar spine extends horizontally backward, and the spinous process spacing is also large.