Mummies, or mummies. Ancient Egyptians buried corpses with antiseptic spices, which dried up over the years and formed mummies. The ancient Egyptians believed that after death, the soul would not die, but would still cling to the corpse or statue. Therefore, after the death of Pharaoh, they were all mummified as a hope and deep memory of the deceased. Mummy originally meant asphalt, referring to a dry and uncorrupted corpse. Egypt has found the largest number of mummies, the earliest time and the most complicated technology. When the Egyptians made mummies, they first took out part of the brain marrow from the nostrils of the dead body with iron hooks and injected some drugs into the brain for cleaning. Then use a sharp stone knife to cut a hole in the side abdomen, take out the internal organs completely, clean the abdomen, fill it with coconut milk wine and mashed spices, and sew it as it is. After this step is completed, the body is put into baking soda powder for 70 days, then it is washed, wrapped with linen bandage from head to toe, and coated with gum commonly used in Egypt instead of ordinary glue, and then the body is handed over to relatives, who put it in a special humanoid wooden box and keep it in the tomb, standing upright against the wall. This expensive method of disposing of corpses is generally suitable for pharaohs, dignitaries and the rich. It is much easier for the poor to make mummies. Wash the abdomen with laxatives, then soak the body in soda powder for 70 days, take it out, let the wind blow dry and bury it in a dry sand dune. The ancient Egyptians, rich or poor, were mummified after their death. This is because the ancient Egyptians believed that people were composed of body and soul, and even in the world of the underworld, the dead still needed their own bodies. A corpse is not a "useless corpse". As long as the body is well preserved, it can always be used. The soul is gradually lost with the gradual destruction of the body, and the complete destruction of the body means the complete disappearance of the soul. As long as the body is preserved and the soul has a place to live, the dead can be reincarnated. The specific production process and method are as follows: if someone dies, his body is first sent to a place called "clothing department": it is dedicated to purifying the body. After the body was washed with soda water, it was sent to a place called "Babet" (meaning pure land) or "Per-Napier" (meaning beautiful house) to complete the filling of spices. So mummies are being made. Herodotus left us detailed information about this. First, apply melted turpentine to your face to protect your facial image and prevent it from drying too fast. Second, brain pulp processing. The craftsman inserted the chisel into the left nostril, crushed the ethmoid bone, and then used tools to rotate in the brain, destroying the brain marrow. Insert a very small long-handled spoon into the brain from the nostril, dig out the brains, and finally put some drugs and spices into the empty skull. Brain marrow is generally not preserved. Third, take out the internal organs. The stomach, intestine, liver and lung were taken out through the left incision in the abdomen. Then use palm oil as cleaning solution to clean the chest and abdomen. Sometimes these organs are neatly wrapped in turpentine balls and put into the mummy's abdomen, and sometimes they are put into a small jar with a lid and then put into the abdomen. Small pots are becoming more and more complicated from the ancient kingdom to the new kingdom. At first, there were some simple pot covers, but in the Middle Kingdom, there were pot covers with heads. In the early18th century, the lid of the jar was guarded by the "son of Horace". However, it was forbidden to take out the heart in ancient Egypt. They regard the heart as a symbol of wisdom and try their best to keep it in the body. In the book of the dead in the New Kingdom, there are three people on duty who take turns guarding the heart. Fourth, dehydration. This is an important drying process. The craftsmen first wrapped the soaked alkali and other temporary fillers in cloth, and then soaked them in dry soaked alkali powder for about 40 days. After the water is drained, they take out the stuffing inside and put crushed myrrh, cinnamon, soaked alkali, sawdust and so on in cloth bags. Finally, they carefully stitched the incision and pasted a piece of skin with Horace's eyes painted on it, because the ancient Egyptians missed the strong healing and protection of this skin. Fifth, cosmetic surgery. In order to keep the mummy's skin soft, it was selectively coated with a mixture of milk, wine, spices, beeswax, turpentine and asphalt to beautify the skin. Mummy's eyes are full of linen and stones, which are very vivid. The mummy was finally coated with turpentine to prevent moisture, and the makeup artist also sprinkled a layer of carmine on the mummy's cheeks, wearing a braided wig, clothes and the best jewelry. Sixth, the bag. Egyptians thought it was dangerous to be buried, so prayers were accompanied during the whole process (usually 15 days). Every time the hand that bandages the body moves, it is accompanied by solemn prayers or magic spells, and protective strips are placed between linen bandages. They attach great importance to keeping it in their hearts. Amulets are generally made of scarab-shaped or heart-shaped green stones with the words "Preserve the heart of the deceased so that it will not produce anything harmful to its owner". Other amulets were placed near the mummy's body or wrapped in linen. Seventh, the mummy greeted his card. The time is usually 70 days. After that, Anubis secretly returned the mummy to his family for burial.