Planting method of day lily
Biological and ecological characteristics of 1
Biological characteristics of 1. 1
Hemerocallis grandiflora, also known as Lily and Wuchou Girl, is a perennial herbaceous flower of Hemerocallis in Liliaceae. Its plant height is 25-35 cm, its crown width is 40- 100 cm, its rhizome is short, its fleshy root is spindle-shaped, its leaves are long and narrow, and its tufted rhizosphere is arranged in two rows. Scapes protrude from the middle in a spiral cyme. The flower diameter is about 10cm, the flowering period is from the middle and late May to 10, and the life span of a single flower is less than 24 hours. It opens in the morning, closes at dusk, wilts at night, and other flowers on the flower bed will bloom one after another. Capsule, dehiscent, with several black seeds, most varieties do not bear fruit.
1.2 ecological habits
Hemerocallis grandiflora is native to China, southern Europe and Japan. It can be planted in the north and south of China. Rootstocks can overwinter in the frozen soil at -20℃ and in the open field in North China. Sexually like warm climate, abundant sunshine, semi-shade tolerance, drought tolerance, strong ability to resist pests and diseases, wide adaptability, loose, fertile and moist soil. It has special tolerance to saline-alkali soil.
2 key points of cultivation techniques
2. 1 planting
Hemerocallis grandiflora is mainly planted in early spring and early March before germination. Cultivation requires planting in soil with good drainage, no water accumulation in summer and rich organic matter. Because of its strong tillering ability, the plant spacing should be kept at 30cm? 40 cm. The cultivation and management of Hemerocallis grandiflora is relatively simple. Due to the long flowering period, in addition to applying sufficient base fertilizer (preferably decomposed cow dung or pig manure), topdressing should be applied 2-3 times before flowering and flowering, mainly to supplement phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate can also be sprayed to promote flower hypertrophy and achieve the effect of prolonging flowering. After flowering, the flower stems should be cut off from the ground and the dead leaves at the base of the plant cluster should be removed in time. Hemerocallis grandiflora can also be potted, but you must choose short varieties when planting, such as? Kim Jin Wa? . Potted soil can be made from peat, pine needles, cow dung and garden soil at the ratio of 4∶3∶2∶ 1 Pay attention to the shape after planting, so as to facilitate the symmetry of the plant.
2.2 copy method
Hemerocallis grandiflora is propagated by plant division, sowing and cutting. Most ramets divide before germination in spring or after defoliation in autumn. Generally, except succulent roots, each small cluster needs 2 ~ 3 bud holes, 30cm holes, sufficient base fertilizer, fine soil covering, compaction and watering, so that it can bloom in spring. Generally, each mother plant can be divided into 3 ~ 4 plants, and individual varieties, such as? Kim Jin Wa? It can be divided into 6 ~ 7 strains. When sowing and propagating, the seeds should be stored in sand in autumn and winter, germinate quickly and neatly after spring sowing, and the seedlings usually bloom for two years. You can also use young flower buds to cut into vermiculite in summer, which can take root in about 1 month and bloom in the next year.
2.3 Pest control
Leaf blight and rust are two diseases of HEMEROCALLIS grandiflora. On the basis of strengthening cultivation management, weeds, old leaves and dried flowers should be removed in time, destroyed centrally, the source of infection should be reduced, and disease-resistant varieties should be selected for planting. At the early stage of the disease, 50% mancozeb 500 ~ 800 times solution can effectively control the occurrence of leaf blight; At the initial stage of rust disease, spraying 15% triadimefon wettable powder every 10 ~ 1200 times can effectively control the occurrence of the disease.
Cultivation techniques of Hemerocallis fulva
The cultivation management is simple and extensive, and the spacing between plants is 0.5? About 1 m, planting 3 ~ 5 plants per hole. Apply sufficient base fertilizer before planting. Because HEMEROCALLIS HEMEROCALLIS has strong adaptability, it can be planted almost anywhere. If allowed to grow, the flora can be expanded year by year, but it should be matched according to the height and color of the plants in the garden to improve the ornamental effect.
Key points of cultivation
I like warm and humid environment. The soil is a little sticky. It can be cultivated in fields, ditches and houses. Multiplication by ramets. 10 ~ 1 1 After the overground parts wither or before the plants germinate in spring, dig up the whole plant and divide it into clusters every 2 or 3 times. Before planting, holes should be opened at the row spacing and plant spacing of 40cm, and the hole depth should be 17 ~ 20 cm. Each hole should be planted with a clump, and the roots should be paved on all sides, covered with soil and compacted. Water or irrigate human and animal feces. Starting from the second year, intertillage, weeding and topdressing were carried out three times a year, the first time in March, the second time before flowering in June, and the third time after 10. After each intertillage weeding, apply human and animal manure.
Propagation method of day lily
Hemerocallis are mostly planted in early spring and early March before germination. Cultivation requires planting in soil with good drainage, no water accumulation in summer and rich organic matter. Because of its strong tillering ability, the plant spacing should be kept at 30cm? 40 centimeters
The cultivation and management of HEMEROCALLIS grandiflora is relatively simple. Due to the long flowering period, in addition to applying sufficient base fertilizer (preferably decomposed cow dung or pig manure), topdressing should be applied 2-3 times before flowering and flowering, mainly to supplement phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate can also be sprayed to promote flower hypertrophy and achieve the effect of prolonging flowering. After flowering, the flower stems should be cut off from the ground and the dead leaves at the base of the plant cluster should be removed in time.
Hemerocallis grandiflora can also be potted, but you must choose short varieties when planting, such as? Kim Jin Wa? .
Potted soil can be made from peat, pine needles, cow dung and garden soil at the ratio of 4∶3∶2∶ 1 Pay attention to the shape after planting, so as to facilitate the symmetry of the plant.
Propagation mode of HEMEROCALLIS HEMEROCALLIS
The propagation mode is mainly ramet propagation, and the breeding adopts sowing propagation.
fissiparity
The ramet propagation is carried out after the leaves wither or before germination in early spring. Dig up root plants, cut off dead roots and excessive fibrous roots, and divide plants. After a division, it can be divided into stages after 4 ~ 5 years, and the divided seedlings can bloom in the same year. Generally, each mother plant can be divided into 3 ~ 4 plants, and individual varieties, such as? Kim Jin Wa? It can be divided into 6 ~ 7 strains.
Sowing propagation
Seed propagation should be sown in autumn, and it usually emerges about 4 weeks after sowing. If you sow it immediately after harvest in summer and autumn, it will emerge in about 20 days. After two years of cultivation, the seedlings bloom.
Seeds should be stored in sand in autumn and winter, and germinate quickly and neatly after spring sowing. Seedlings usually bloom after two years. You can also use young flower buds to cut into vermiculite in summer, which can take root in about 1 month and bloom in the next year.
Disease control of Hemerocallis fulva
Common diseases of HEMEROCALLIS HEMEROCALLIS include leaf spot, leaf blight, rust, anthracnose and stem blight.
The main pests are red spider, aphid, thrips and liriomyza sativae.
Pest control: First of all, we should do a good job in agricultural control. After the day lily is picked, the aboveground part will die immediately. Cut and transport the daylily in time to reduce the source of bacteria and insects. Top dressing and overwintering cultivation of day lily should be done well to enhance its disease resistance; Update in time, rejuvenate; Selection of disease-resistant varieties and so on.
Timely drug control, spraying 800 times of 75% chlorothalonil solution can prevent diseases, spraying 3000 times of Amylol can prevent pests.
Hemerocallis fulva rust
This disease is harmful to the stems and leaves of day lily. In severe cases, the whole leaf will die, and the buds will dry up and fall off, which will affect the appreciation. At the early stage of the disease, small pale yellow scar spots were scattered on the leaves and stems, and then the scar spots broke and scattered in yellowish brown powder capsules, sometimes the whole leaves turned yellow. In the later stage, small oval black scar spots are produced in the affected area, which are arranged closely.
Hemerocallis fulva rust is caused by a fungus infected with Puccinia pedunculata, which overwinters in diseased tissues. It is more serious from June to July every year. Too dense planting, too high humidity, sticky and barren soil, too much use of nitrogen fertilizer, etc. It is easy to induce this disease.
Measures to control the rust of day lily;
First, it is necessary to strengthen cultivation management measures, maintain proper spacing between plants, facilitate ventilation and light transmission, avoid planting in low-lying and humid areas, and pay attention to applying less nitrogen fertilizer.
The second is to remove sick and disabled plants in time and burn them centrally.