Tuberculosis Tuberculosis is a chronic wasting disease caused by the invasion of Mycobacterium tuberculosis into human body. Not affected by age, sex, race, occupation and region. Many organs and systems of human body can suffer from tuberculosis, among which tuberculosis is the most common. The symptoms of the disease are not obvious in the early stage, and it is similar to influenza in the early stage. Usually it starts with a cough and bloodshot sputum. When the situation continues to deteriorate, the patient has a low fever, severe night sweats, chronic fatigue, weight loss, chest pain, shortness of breath and urinary tract infection. In more severe patients, laryngeal tuberculosis will appear, making the patient unable to speak. More than 90% of tuberculosis infections are transmitted through the respiratory tract. Tuberculosis patients are infected by coughing, sneezing and making loud noises, so that droplets (called droplets in medicine) with tuberculosis bacteria are sprayed out of the body, and healthy people are infected after inhaling people. Neglect of hygiene, close contact with patients, immune insufficiency (from chronic diseases such as AIDS), unbalanced diet and sedentary lifestyle (lack of exercise) all increase the risk of tuberculosis. Modern medicine believes that whether Mycobacterium tuberculosis invades the human body depends not only on the number and virulence of bacteria, but also on the human body's resistance (immunity) to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. When the body's resistance is low, the invading Mycobacterium tuberculosis will not be destroyed by the body's defense system, but will continue to multiply and cause tuberculosis. Tuberculosis is a stubborn chronic disease. Once infected, if not treated in time, irregularly and incompletely, it will eventually lead to recurrence, deterioration, drug resistance and refractory tuberculosis. Family treatment measures ● Take family isolation measures. Tuberculosis patients should be isolated at home. Tuberculosis patients are the root cause of tuberculosis transmission. Therefore, patients should be placed in a certain environment, and their secretions and utensils should be separated from healthy people. Patients should reduce contact with others and do not go to public places. The best way to isolate tuberculosis patients is to go to a tuberculosis hospital for hospitalization and isolation, so as to reduce the chance of infection to family members and others. Let the patient live in a room alone. It is best to give the patient a well-ventilated and sunny room. If there are no conditions, the patient can sleep in a bed alone, and always pay attention to opening the window for ventilation. ● Clothes and quilts are often exposed to disinfection. Patients' clothes and quilts should always be exposed to the sun for disinfection. After the patient recovers, the room should be thoroughly disinfected. The wormwood roll can be ignited and smoked, or rice vinegar can be steamed and smoked on a stove with 2 spoonfuls per cubic meter of space 1-2, and then 3% bleaching powder supernatant or 3% lysol is sprayed into the space and the ground, and the doors and windows can be closed 1-2 hours. ● Disinfection method of household utensils The patient's utensils, sputum and vomit should be disinfected. Pay special attention to the patient's sputum to spit on paper or spittoon, and then pour it out after burning or disinfection. The simplest disinfection method is boiling, or it can be dried in the sun or disinfected by ultraviolet lamp. Alcohol, lysol, lime water, carbonic acid, hydrogen peroxide, iodine and 84 disinfectant can kill mycobacterium tuberculosis. ● Choose favorable environmental conditions for tuberculosis rehabilitation. Tuberculosis is a very difficult disease to cure. Proper rest and recovery are very important. If conditions permit, you can choose a place with plenty of sunshine, fresh air and dry climate for recuperation. For example, you can choose southern coastal cities in winter and go to the north or mountainous areas in summer. At the same time, we should avoid emotional tension and anxiety. Nutrition and dietotherapy ● Eat a healthy crystal diet, which should include at least 50% lettuce. Eat 2 fertilized eggs every day. You can also eat yogurt, fish, poultry, raw cheese, drupe, seeds and garlic. ● Eat more fruit and vegetable juice and drink pineapple juice, fresh radish juice and green drinks every day. Caffeine milk and fresh unsweetened yogurt should be drunk one bottle a day. ● Adopting a nutritious diet Tuberculosis is a chronic consumptive disease, and patients need nutritious foods such as high protein, high sugar and high fat. ● Prevention of food allergies It is reported that patients with tuberculosis, especially those taking anti-tuberculosis drugs such as isoniazid and rifampicin, often cause food poisoning or food allergies. Common ones are: eggplant: tuberculosis patients are allergic to eating eggplant during anti-tuberculosis treatment. Random sampling research found that all patients who ate eggplant had allergic reactions to varying degrees from 40 minutes to 60 minutes. Such as facial flushing, skin itching, irritability, erythema, chest tightness and other allergic reactions. In this case, mild people can take anti-allergic drugs and stop eating eggplant and other similar foods. In serious cases, they should ask a doctor for emergency treatment. Milk: Take milk after taking rifampicin orally, and the medicine is rarely absorbed after one hour. But after taking it on an empty stomach for one hour, the drug concentration in the blood can reach the peak. Therefore, during taking rifampicin and Risperidone, do not eat milk and other drinks at the same time, so as not to reduce the absorption of drugs. Taking isoniazid is not suitable for eating lactose and sugary foods, because lactose will completely hinder the absorption of isoniazid and make it unable to exert its efficacy. Some fish: fish that can cause allergies are generally scaleless and stale marine fish and freshwater fish. Scaleless fish include tuna, mackerel, horsetail, bamboo herring, squid, sardines and so on. Fresh marine fish such as hairtail and yellow croaker. Freshwater fish such as carp. In the process of treating tuberculosis with isoniazid, eating these fish is prone to allergic symptoms, ranging from headache, dizziness, nausea, skin flushing and conjunctival congestion to facial flushing, burning sensation, palpitation and rapid pulse, numbness of lips and face, urticaria, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, dyspnea, elevated blood pressure, and even hypertensive crisis and cerebral hemorrhage. There are reports of death at home and abroad. The reason is that isoniazid is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor. The content of histamine in the above fish is very high, so there is a lack of a large number of effective monoamine oxidase to oxidize it, which leads to a large accumulation of histamine and causes the above symptoms. Not only can you not eat fish with high histamine content during taking isoniazid, but you should also fast these fish after stopping taking it for 2 weeks. When eating other fish, add proper amount of hawthorn and then steam or braise in soy sauce, or add some vinegar to reduce the histamine content. In case of poisoning reaction, it should be sent to the hospital for emergency treatment immediately. ● Supplementary nutrients ① The dosage of coenzyme Q 10 is 70 mg. Give oxygen to the tissue to help recovery. ② Take 2 capsules of garlic essence when eating. Garlic is a natural antibiotic. Promote immune function and control infection. ③ The dosage of L- cysteamine and L-methionine is 500mg, twice a day. Eliminate toxins and protect lung and liver. ④ protein (various single amino acids) is used to repair tissues. Amino acids are easily absorbed. ⑤ Selenium is 200 micrograms per day. Resist free radicals and promote the health of immune system. ⑥ The dosage of vitamin A emulsion or capsule is 200000IU for vitamin C emulsion and 25000IU； for capsule; Vitamin C 2000 mg. An important substance to strengthen immune response and help lung tissue recover. ⑦ Refer to the product label for the dosage of vitamin B plus beer yeast, pantothenic acid (B5) and vitamin B.. They are necessary for the production of red blood cells and antibodies and contribute to the utilization of oxygen. ⑧ Vitamin D capsules were originally 1000IU per day. Gradually reduced to 400IU per day. The utilization of calcium and phosphorus is necessary. Tuberculosis patients need sunshine and vitamin D every day to help them treat. Pet-name ruby vitamin E capsules started from 400IU per day and gradually increased to 1600IU. Powerful free grave sweepers protect lung tissue and provide cellular oxygen. Note: If you have hypertension, use 200IU every day and gradually increase it to 1600IU. ● Natural herbs are made of chrysanthemum plants and baoge fruit, and drinking 3 cups a day has certain curative effect. ● Health care medicine rub ① Shabai duck soup 50 grams of Radix Glehniae, 30 grams of lily, 200 grams of fat duck meat, and appropriate amount of onion, ginger and refined salt. Slice Radix Adenophorae and Bulbus Lilii; Cut the duck into small pieces and add onion, ginger, etc. Add salt and water until the duck is cooked. Eat duck and soup. Every day 1 time or every other day 1 time. Nourishing yin and clearing heat, moistening lung and relieving cough. It is suitable for cough and blood in phlegm caused by yin deficiency and excessive fire. It can be used as a diet therapy for patients with obvious symptoms of pulmonary tuberculosis due to yin deficiency. ② 250g of candied Shuang Ren fried sweet almonds, 250g of fried walnuts and 500g of honey. Put the fried sweet almonds into a pot, add appropriate amount of water, and decoct for 1 hour. Add walnut kernels, take juice, add honey when the pot is dry, and mix well until boiling. Take it with the dosage, 2-3 times a day. Efficacy of tonifying kidney and lung, relieving cough and asthma, moistening dryness. It is suitable for chronic asthma and chronic asthma caused by deficiency of lung and kidney. ③ Tremella 10g and rock sugar 20g. First, the tremella is pedicled, impurities are picked out, and soaked in cold boiled water until it is soft. Put tremella and rock sugar into a casserole, add appropriate amount of water, and simmer for 90 minutes until tremella is loose and the soup is sticky. Eat in the evening, once a night 1 time. Efficacy: nourishing yin and moistening dryness, resolving phlegm and relieving cough. It is suitable for dry cough with little phlegm, difficulty in expectoration and blood in sputum caused by deficiency of lung yin. ④ Cordyceps sinensis/rice porridge 10g, lean pork 50g, millet 10g. Wrap cordyceps sinensis with cloth; Pork is cut into filaments. Boil the medicated bag with millet and pork, and take it out when the porridge is cooked. Eat on an empty stomach. The effects of tonifying deficiency and qi, moistening lung and tonifying kidney. It is suitable for deficiency of lung and kidney yin, deficiency of breath, tuberculosis, cough, hemoptysis, spontaneous sweating and night sweats, and chronic asthenia after illness. ● Danger signals For tuberculosis patients, you should be highly alert to the possibility of lung cancer in the following situations: * Male patients over 40 years old with long-term smoking history; * Irritating cough, persistent chest pain, shortness of breath, emaciation, and progressive aggravation of symptoms inconsistent with X-ray lesions; * Combined with hydrothorax, the hydrothorax grows rapidly or even expands, or new lesions appear in other parts; X-ray chest film showed that the mass was round and massive, with a diameter greater than 24cm. The tumor is lobulated with irregular edges and burrs, accompanied by hilar lymph node enlargement and atelectasis. The principles of tuberculosis chemotherapy are: early, combined, appropriate, regular and full-course medication. Tuberculosis can be cured as long as we cooperate with doctors. At present, the anti-tuberculosis drugs widely used in China are isoniazid (H), rifampicin (R), pyrazinamide (Z), ethambutol (E) and streptomycin (S). The treatment in every place is similar. The country now treats open tuberculosis free of charge. As long as early treatment is found, it is entirely possible to recover.

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