Scientific name wisteria

English name Purplevine,

Alias Zhu Teng, Zhao Teng, Zhao Douteng and Wisteria.

Family, Leguminosae, Wisteria

Wisteria intoxicating love, don't want to miss it. Chinese wistaria

Edit the origin distribution of this part.

Origin Wisteria is native to China, and also distributed in Korean and Japanese. Widely distributed in North China, especially in Hebei, Henan, Shanxi, Shandong and other places. It is cultivated in East China, Central China, South China, Northwest China and Southwest China. From Guangdong in the south to Inner Mongolia in the north, China is widely planted in gardens for viewing. Flowers can be used as vegetables and stems and leaves as medicine. Flowers can bloom for half a month without fading. The common varieties are wisteria multiflora, rattan, purple rattan, white rattan, Nanjing rattan and so on. There are wisteria towns and wisteria gardens in Shanghai, and Gu Teng in Suzhou.

Edit the general genus of this paragraph.

1.W.villosa Rehd。 This variety is very similar to wisteria, except that the back and petiole of the old leaves are thick white and light in color. Therefore, in landscaping, the two are regarded as one category and are not subdivided.

2. Venus' flyer. Et Wils. Both sides are covered with filiform hairs, and the raceme is short, with a length of 10- 15 cm, and the flowers are white, originating from Japan.

3. w. flori bunda Japan, also known as Japanese wisteria, has many compound leaves and nearly hairless old leaves, often 65,438+03-65,438+09. The raceme is 50 cm long and the flowers are light blue (light blue-purple). The pod is covered with yellow-brown felt, which is native to Japan and cultivated in the south of the Yangtze River basin.

Cultivated varieties include: annual vine, Xi Xiangteng, Ben Hongwangteng, Ben Baiwangteng, Trifolium repens, double-petalled wisteria, and abundant-flowered wisteria.

Edit the morphological characteristics of this paragraph

Dark gray dry-skinned fallen leaves climb around vines. The shoots are dark yellow-green, densely pilose, and the winter buds are oblate and densely pilose. Odd-pinnate compound leaves alternate, with 7- 13 leaflets, oval shape, long tapering or acute apex, hairless or slightly hairy on the surface of leaves, sparsely hairy or nearly hairless on the back of leaves, sparsely hairy petiole, lateral raceme, 30-35cm long, drooping, densely pilose peduncle, petiole and calyx, and purple or deep purple flowers. Pods oblate, long, 10-20cm, densely covered with white fluff, seeds oblate and black. The flowering period is April-May, and the fruit matures in August-September.

Edit this growing habit

Wisteria is a plant in warm zone and temperate zone, with strong adaptability to climate and soil, cold tolerance, preference for wet and barren soil, light tolerance and shade tolerance. The place with deep soil layer, good drainage and darkness is most suitable for farming. The main root is deep and the lateral root is shallow, so it is not resistant to transplanting. Fast growth and long life. Strong winding ability, strangulation to other plants. Buds appear in March and bloom in April, with 20 to 80 iris flowers per shaft. Wisteria is cultivated wild or everywhere, and its roots and seeds are used as medicine, which is sweet, slightly warm and slightly toxic. Bark contains two kinds, flowers contain volatile oil and leaves contain genistein.

The application value of editing this paragraph

Decorative application:

Wisteria is a long-lived tree species and is deeply loved by people. Adult plants have long stems and many flowers, clusters of inflorescences are hung between green vines, and slender pods sway in the wind. Since ancient times, China literati have liked to write poems and paint on it. In the courtyard, use it to crawl around scaffolding to make a flower gallery, or use it to crawl around dead trees, which means dead trees are born. It can also be made into a cliff-style bonsai with beautiful posture, and placed on the tops of several high shelves and bookcases. Flowers and trees are sparse and the old piles are placed obliquely, which has a unique charm.

Garden application:

Wisteria, also known as wisteria, is an excellent ornamental vine, which is generally used for garden scaffolding. In spring, purple flowers are in full bloom, which makes it interesting. Suitable for planting in lakes, pools, rockeries, stone workshops and other places, with unique style and common bonsai. After flowering, wisteria will bear pod-like fruit and hang it between branches, which is very interesting. Sometimes it blooms again in late summer and early autumn. Ears and pods set off against the green leaves.

The cultivated wisteria will bear pod-like fruit after flowering and hang between branches, which is very interesting. Sometimes it blooms again in late summer and early autumn. Ears and pods set off against the green leaves. Under normal circumstances, potted wisteria should be cut off in time to avoid nutrient consumption. Wisteria is a deciduous vine. During its dormant period, the branch layout can be adjusted in combination with pruning to maintain a beautiful posture. Wisteria has a long life and extensive management. As long as sufficient sunshine and proper water and fertilizer are guaranteed, flowers will bloom every year.

Pharmaceutical applications:

Efficacy Wisteria can extract aromatic oil, which has the effects of detoxification, vomiting and diarrhea. The seeds of wisteria are slightly toxic and contain cyanide, which can cure muscle pain and prevent wine from going bad. Wisteria bark has the effects of killing insects, relieving pain, expelling wind and dredging collaterals, and can be used to treat bone and muscle pain, wind arthralgia, pinworm disease, etc.

Small prescription

[Abdominal edema]: Appropriate amount of wisteria, add water to fry the thick juice, remove the residue and add sugar to make a paste, one spoonful each time, and take it twice a day with boiling water.

[Gastric cancer]: Wisteria tumor1~ 6g (tumor-free rattan stem and leaf) is decocted with the same amount of Ranunculus Ranunculus, Water chestnut and terminalia chebula twice a day.

[Save]: Stir-fry the seeds into powder and withdraw the wine.

Edible value:

In Henan, Shandong, Hebei and other places, people often use wisteria to steam food, which is fragrant and delicious. The "purple radish cake" in Beijing and the "wisteria cake", "wisteria porridge", "fried wisteria fish", "cold pueraria lobata" and "fried pueraria lobata" in some places are all made of wisteria.

Edit this pharmaceutical record

Alias vines

It comes from wisteria, a plant of the genus Wisteria in Leguminosae, whose stem bark, flowers and seeds are used as medicine. Picking in summer and autumn and drying in the sun respectively.

Sweet, bitter and warm in nature. A little poisonous. This species is a poisonous plant included in China Botanical Atlas Database, and its toxicity is toxic to pods, seeds and stem bark [A-2]. People eat pods and seeds and suffer from vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea and dehydration. Children who eat two seeds can cause serious poisoning.

Function is mainly used for relieving pain and killing insects. Used for abdominal pain and pinworm disease.

Usage and dosage: 1 yuan.

Textual research comes from Compendium of Materia Medica; Compendium of Materia Medica: wisteria and flower dew are mashed to make wine and vinegar white rot; Zi is the horn, in which benevolence makes fragrance, wine makes unbeaten, and the loser uses it correctly. Purple flowers born in April are lovely, and people also plant them. Jiangdong is called Zhao Dou Tiange, covered with trees and covered with heartfelt skin.

Note: Seeds contain cyanogen compounds, which may be poisoned if used in excess. Although it can treat pinworm disease, it should not be taken for a long time.

Excerpted from the National Collection of Chinese Herbal Medicine

Bloom in mid-spring (that is, February)

Practical and convenient prescription

1. Insect repellent: root 10 to15g, decocted in water.

2. Physical weakness: 30 grams of root, stewed pork to eat.

3. Wind-warm arthralgia: Wisteria root and Caragana root 15g decoction.

4. Muscle pain: 50 grams of wisteria seeds are fried and soaked in one catty of shochu. Take 25 grams each time, once every morning and evening.

Edit the propagation method of this paragraph.

Propagation method Wisteria is easy to propagate, and can be planted, cut, layered, divided and grafted. Seeding and cutting are mainly used, but cutting is the most widely used method because of the long time of seedling raising.

1. Culm cutting propagation includes cutting and rooting.

Cutting propagation generally adopts hard cuttings. Before the branches germinate in the middle and late March, select 1 ~ 2-year-old stout branches, cut them into cuttings of about 15cm, and insert them into the seedbed prepared in advance. The cutting depth is 2/3 of the cutting length. Spraying water after transplanting, strengthening maintenance, keeping the seedbed moist, the survival rate is very high, the plant height can reach 20 ~ 50 cm in that year, and it can be taken out of the nursery two years later.

Rooting is the use of adventitious buds easily produced on wisteria roots. Roots with a thickness of 0.5 ~ 2.0 cm were dug in the middle and late March, and cuttings with a length of 10 ~] 2 cm were cut and inserted into the seedbed, and the depth of the cuttings was kept flush with the ground. Other management measures are the same as pruning.

Sowing and propagation

Sowing and reproduction are carried out in March. In June,165438+1October, the seeds were harvested, the pods were removed, dried and stored in bags. Soak the seeds in hot water before sowing. When the boiling water temperature drops to about 30℃, take out the seeds, rinse them with cold water for a while, then keep them moist, and pile them up for a day and a night before sowing. Or store the seeds in wet sand and soak them in clear water 1 ~ 2 days before sowing.

Layering, plant division and grafting are all carried out in the middle and late March.

The following briefly introduces several breeding methods:

1. Sowing and propagation: Sow in autumn, or pollinate artificially when flowering to promote pod setting. When they are ripe, collect pods and store them in dry warehouses (sand warehouses are better), and sow them in the next spring.

2. Cutting propagation in early spring in the south. After thawing the soil in the north, take one or two-year-old shoots, cut them into sections of 10 ~ 15cm, and insert them directly or obliquely.

3. Take biennial branches after defoliation by layering method, peel off some skins and press them into the soil.

4. Rhizosphere seedlings are cut by tillering method and transplanted in winter and spring.

5. Grafting method is to graft one or two-year-old branches at the root and move them out after survival.

Edit the cultivation techniques in this section.

Wisteria has strong straight roots, so when transplanting, we should dig as many lateral roots as possible and bring the ground. Plant more in early spring. Before planting, you must set up a scaffolding, tie thick branches on the scaffolding and climb along it. Because wisteria has a long life, thick branches and lush leaves, the scaffold materials must be strong and durable. When young trees are planted, the branches can't form flower buds, and peanut bud will appear later. If it doesn't bloom for several years, it's because the tree is too strong, with too many branches and leaves, and the tree is weak, so it is difficult to accumulate nutrients. The former uses partial root cutting and sparse branches and leaves, while the latter can blossom by adding fertilizer. Fertilizer should be properly applied with more potassium fertilizer. Topdressing is usually 2 ~ 3 times during the growth period. After flowering, 5 ~ 6 buds can be cut off from the middle branches and weak branches to promote the formation of flower buds.

Potted wisteria, in addition to selecting shorter species and varieties, should also strengthen pruning and coring, and control the plants not to be too large. If you are cultivating bonsai, you need to strengthen plastic pruning. If necessary, you can use old piles to plant pots and graft excellent varieties.

Cultivation management

When planting wisteria, you should choose a dry place with deep soil layer, fertile soil and good drainage. If it is too wet, the roots will rot easily. The planting time is generally from defoliation in autumn to germination in spring. The main root of wisteria is thick and long, with few lateral roots, which is not resistant to transplantation. Therefore, when transplanting, no matter whether the plants have soilless balls, they should be replanted, and organic fertilizer should be applied to the planting holes as base fertilizer. They should be watered after planting. For larger plants, a sturdy and durable shed should be built before planting, and thick branches should be tied to the frame after planting to make them climb along the frame. The daily management of wisteria is simple, and appropriate water and fertilizer management can be carried out according to the water and fertilizer status of the soil.

Pruning wisteria is an important work in management, and the pruning time should be in the dormant period. When pruning, the branches are evenly distributed by removing secrets and keeping sparse and manual traction. In order to make flowers flourish, we should also prune them reasonably according to their budding habits. Because wisteria has strong branching ability, flower buds are planted in the axils of annual branches, and the tops of growing branches are easy to dry up. Therefore, we should take back the new branches of that year, cut off 1/3- 1/2, and cut off the delicate branches and the base of dead branches.

Edit this wisteria tree

Wisteria is a vine, which usually climbs on scaffolding or other supports. If the cultivation measures such as tie rod support, vine twisting, pruning and shaping are adopted, the umbrella-shaped wisteria can be cultivated, which is very interesting.

In order to keep the shape of wisteria unchanged, efforts must be made in conservation. Because it is a vine with strong climbing ability after all, although it can be cultivated into a tree shape, its properties have not changed, and the vine that is pumped will be entangled as soon as it catches something that will climb. Therefore, in daily maintenance, don't let vines ride on other things, and don't entangle them at will. We must constantly pull out, prune and reshape vines to control their growth, otherwise they will grow nondescript, neither like vines nor trees. Once this form appears, not only will the flowering amount decrease, but even they will not bloom for many years.

Edit this section on disease prevention and control

Pest control should keep the cultivation environment clean and sanitary, regularly remove weeds in and around the solar greenhouse, timely check and remove yellow-leaf diseased plants, abandon cultivation and bury seriously ill plants to prevent them from becoming the source of infection, cut off diseased leaves with scissors for lightly ill plants, immediately spray corresponding pesticides, and conduct isolated cultivation to control the spread of pests and diseases. Don't leave any dead corners when spraying pesticides, especially on the back of leaves, corners and the ground of greenhouses. The greenhouses should be disinfected once a month.

The common pests of wisteria are snails, scale insects and whiteflies. Snails often move in the rainy season in spring and summer. At this time, lime powder should be sprinkled around the garden and at the feet of the cultivation frame regularly. When scale insects are often caused by poor ventilation, they can be quickly killed or sprayed with 800- 1000 times solution. Whitefly can be killed by aphids or aphids spraying at a speed of 3000 times. Agricultural streptomycin can be sprayed in the morning and evening after onset, and it is advisable to spray it no more than three times a year.

The main pest of wisteria is scale insects. Scale insects parasitize on the leaf edge or leaf level of plants to suck juice, which makes the plants wither, and in severe cases, the whole plant withers and dies. 40% omethoate emulsion 1000 times or 50% marathon emulsifiable concentrate 2000 times can be sprayed. The main diseases of wisteria are soft rot and leaf spot. When leaf spot occurs, it harms wisteria leaves, and when soft rot occurs, the whole plant dies. Use 50% carbendazim 1000 times solution and 50% thiophanate-methyl soluble wetting agent 800 times solution for prevention and treatment.

Edit maintenance points in this section.

Fertilizer: Nitrogen fertilizer and calcium superphosphate can be applied before germination. Top dressing 2-3 times during the growth period, using decomposed human feces.

Soil: Don't choose soil, but the most suitable soil is wet, fertile and well-drained.

Wen: I like warmth and cold resistance. In most parts of our country, we can spend the winter in the open air.

Light: Slightly resistant to shadows, like sunshine.

Propagation: Cutting and layering propagation are the main methods. When cutting in autumn, the annual branch with heel is 8- 10 cm long and takes root quickly, and the lowest temperature should be controlled at 16℃. Layering should be done after defoliation, keeping layering moist and promoting rooting. After fully rooting, it can be transplanted into individual plants.

When planting seedlings, you must set up scaffolding, because wisteria trees are relatively strong, with thick branches and lush leaves, and scaffolding materials must be strong and durable.

In order to maintain the beautiful tree shape of potted wisteria, it is necessary to control the fertilizer and water of the plant, not to make it grow too big, and to strengthen pruning and coring. When the new shoots grow to about 1.5 cm every year, they should be pitted 1 time, and then cut 1 time after flowering.

Colorful potted wisteria tips;

In order to make potted wisteria blossom brilliantly every year, we need to master several skills besides intensive cultivation with thin tubes.

(1) Pot selection of mature seedlings. Wisteria has straight roots, long main roots and few lateral roots. When transplanting in a pot, take a long taproot and put it in the pot. Cultivate with sandy loam rich in humus, and put a small amount of broken hoof pieces as base fertilizer. The flowerpot should be kept in a ventilated and cool place for a week, and then in a well-lit place.

(2) Flowering in early March, with less watering and fertilization during flowering, to prolong the flowering period. Cut off the residual flowers immediately, so as not to make them pod-bearing, so as to prevent nutrient consumption and affect the quantity and quality of flowering in the coming year.

(3) Cut off the elongated branches and vines in time to prevent them from climbing to the surrounding objects, so as to prevent the loss of nutrition, insufficient nutrition, and inability to bloom or bloom in the coming year.

(4) During daily maintenance, water and fertilizer should be properly controlled to prevent excessive growth of branches and vines, and long-acting phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be used as the main topdressing.

(5) When overwintering, it should be placed at a low temperature of about 0℃ to keep the pot soil slightly wet and make the plants fully dormant. Next year, the flowers and leaves in spring will flourish and the flowers will be colorful.

Water: Generally, adult seedlings planted in the ground do not need to be watered, only when they are particularly dry. Potted plants are more resistant to dryness when they are watered dry.

Edit the relevant poems in this paragraph.

Li Bai once wrote a poem: "Wisteria hangs a cloud tree, Hua Teng is suitable for spring, and the dense leaves hide the beauty of birds." Vividly depicts the graceful figure and charming style of wisteria. In late spring, it was the time for wisteria to bloom, but I saw a string of huge spikes hanging from the branches, with blue purple and rosy clouds around. Gray-brown branches and vines meander like dragons and snakes. No wonder painters of all ages love wisteria as a good subject for flower-and-bird painting.

Other works:

"Wisteria grows on the edge of the wood, vines are knotted, connected with trees, winding, and some dragons haunt the waves. It blooms in mid-spring. " -Flower Sutra

"Far away from Bitan Lake, wisteria blooms in the Spring Festival Evening." The water is glowing with morning glow, and Lin suspects that Cai Feng is coming. -Li Deyu's "Recalling New Vines"

Edit this legend

Wisteria has an ancient and beautiful legend: there was a beautiful girl who wanted a love, so she prayed for the red moon in the sky every day. Finally, the old lady in red was moved by the girl's piety and said to her in her dream, "Spring is coming, and she will meet a man in white in the Woods of the back hill, and that is the love she wants." When bloom was warm in spring, the spoony girl came to the back grove alone as promised. Waiting for her beautiful love-the arrival of the white man. But when it was dark, which man in white still didn't appear, and the girl was nervous and disappointed, she was bitten by a snake in the grass. Girls can't walk, so it's hard to go home. She was very scared.

Just at the moment when the girl felt desperate and helpless, the man in white appeared, and the girl shouted for help in surprise. The man in white came forward to help her suck the poisonous blood from the snake bite on her ankle, and the girl fell in love with him deeply from then on. However, the man in white was born in poverty, and their marriage was opposed by the woman's parents. Finally, the lovers both jumped off the cliff, showing eccentricity.

On the edge of their favorite cliff, there grew a tree, which was actually wrapped in vines, with flower pendants, purple and blue, as if the clouds were shining. Later generations called the flowers on the vine wisteria. This kind of peanut is around the tree and can't live alone. Some people say that girls are the embodiment of wisteria and trees are the embodiment of people in white. Wisteria born to love died without love.