Our country has admired people's moral character since ancient times. In the eyes of our ancient people, only good virtue is the most precious thing in the world, and it is also the greatest wealth that a person can truly guard and not lose throughout his life. Since people did not advocate luxury in the Western Zhou Dynasty, gold products at that time were also very rare. The gold ornaments of the Western Zhou Dynasty were mainly gold belt ornaments found in the Guoguo Cemetery in Sanmenxia, ??Henan Province, including 7 circular ornaments, 1 rectangular ornament, and an animal face. There are 3 pieces of decoration, similar to the shape of a tiger's head, and 1 piece is a triangle with a hollow animal face pattern, a total of 12 pieces of different sizes, with a total weight of 433 grams.
The production process of the gold ribbon decorations in the Guo State Cemetery is sheet metal casting, and the hollowing process is used. These gold ornaments are located on the waist of the corpse in the coffin, and they are probably decorative pieces on the belt. Two sets of 15 and 6 gold belt ornaments were also found in the tomb of the Marquis of Jin in the Western Zhou Dynasty in Quwo, Shanxi Province. It can be seen from this that sets of gold ornaments became popular during the Western Zhou Dynasty. In addition, a piece of wooden lacquer was found in the tomb of the Yan State of the Western Zhou Dynasty in Liulihe, Beijing. The body of the vessel was inlaid with three gold foils, and the lower two gold foils were also inlaid with turquoise. This is the earliest gold-plated ancient artifact discovered. .
The emergence of the gold flat stripping process shows that gold craftsmanship has made small progress from the Shang Dynasty to the Western Zhou Dynasty, and this process can also be regarded as the germination of the independent development of gold craftsmanship.
Although gold products from the Western Zhou Dynasty are very rare, there are obvious regional differences from the physical objects that have been discovered. In the areas inside and outside the Great Wall in the north, there are many jewelry-like objects made of pure gold, such as gold earrings, gold armbands, etc. However, in the Central Plains and southwest regions, gold is processed into foil using thin gold technology, which is then pasted and wrapped on copperware and lacquer. On woodenware, it plays a decorative role.
For example, among the gold ornaments found in the Qin Dynasty tomb in Dabaozi, Li County, Gansu Province in the late Western Zhou Dynasty, there are 2 golden tiger pieces, 8 owl-shaped gold ornaments, 26 lip pattern scale-shaped gold ornaments, There are 4 pieces of gold ornaments in the shape of a cloud pattern, 2 pieces of shield-shaped gold ornaments with an animal mask pattern, and 2 pieces of curved gold ornaments with a moiré pattern, which are presumed to be coffin decorations.
The golden tiger is 4.1 cm long, 16 cm high and 3 to 4 cm wide. The owl-shaped gold ornament is 52 cm high and 32 cm wide. It is cut from gold foil. The whole body is decorated with deformed curved patterns into feathers. The remaining white space of the curved pattern is filled with holes of different shapes, making the image of the owl extremely gorgeous. .
The two pieces of gold ornaments have clear lines and undulating convexities, just like the patterns cast by bronzes. It seems to have adopted superb means such as adding a bottom lining die in hammering. Judging from the specific conditions of various gold foil ornaments in the Pre-Qin Dynasty, the objects decorated with gold foil include bronze wares, jade wares, lacquer wares, wooden wares, clothing and hats, etc.
The gold-coated copper animal heads found in the Western Zhou Dynasty tomb in Xincun, Junxian County, Henan, are one large and one small, with the same shape. The larger one is 2.8 cm long and 2.8 cm wide, while the smaller one is 2.4 cm long and 2.6 cm wide. The copper animal head is finely carved and covered with thin and even gold foil, revealing the pattern.
There are also 24 pieces of gold foil on the spear handle in the tomb, in strips, circles, herringbones, triangles and other shapes, which are affixed to various parts of the spear handle.
Utensils with gold foil affixed to jade, such as a turquoise handle-shaped vessel found in the Western Zhou tomb of Fufeng Qiangjia in Shaanxi Province, with neatly arranged turquoise slices on the top and a circle of gold foil. It was found in the Western Zhou Dynasty tomb in Beiyao, Luoyang, Henan Province that the sheaths of jade handle-shaped vessels were also inlaid with gold foil.
There are 31 gold pieces on the bones of the Western Zhou Dynasty tombs in Chunhua Shijiayuan, Shaanxi Province. They should also be gold ornaments for clothing. They can be divided into square and triangular. The largest square is 4.5 cm long and 3.5 cm wide. cm, the largest side of the triangle is 2.5 cm.
Filigree is one of the basic techniques for making goldware. The method is to hammer into extremely thin gold sheets, cut them into thin strips, and slowly twist them into silk. It can be a single strand or multiple strands. share. There is also wire drawing, which squeezes the gold material through the cone-shaped holes of the wire drawing plate, and pulls out the wire from the small hole below. Thick wire can also be directly hammered.
There are 26 gold earrings from the Western Zhou Dynasty found at the junction of Shaanxi and northern Shanxi, usually called "Er". They are similar in shape. They are all crescent-shaped gold pieces, with one end in the shape of a spiral and the other end. The extended gold thread may be pierced with a turquoise stone.
There is also a circle shape, which was found in the Western Zhou Tomb of Weiyingzi in Chaoyang, Liaoning Province. It is made of gold wire wound in two circles. The gold chains found in the Western Zhou Dynasty tombs in Alu Chaideng, Hangjin Banner, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region were made of multiple strands of gold wire, and the gold wire was as thin as a hair.