1. Precautions for nevus excision
When you cut a mole, you are most afraid of leaving a raised scar.
Nevus nigromaculata belongs to congenital cell nevus. Yu Wenlin said that black spot nevus is a kind of pigmented nevus. It bulges because of local blackening and rough skin, and it has hard short hair, especially on the face, which is very noticeable and affects the appearance. So for moles, especially facial moles, the sooner most people remove them, the better.
Generally speaking, freckles and nevus OTA can be removed by laser, while nevus nigromaculata is mainly removed by surgery. Yu Wenlin said that for smaller moles, direct suture can be used for treatment, while for some parts with loose skin, such as arms, larger moles can be removed.
For plastic surgeons, this operation seems small, but in fact it requires the basic skills and aesthetic quality of surgeons. For example, for circular nevus, we should not use circular excision method, but take spindle excision method to remove nevus. Only by this way can the skin on both sides of the wound not accumulate and form ugly raised scars because of the existence of redundant skin after the wound is sutured. After nevus resection, layered suture should be used to suture the incision with good tension reduction to ensure smooth skin and no scar effect after operation.
Small and medium-sized moles are divided into two sections, and the larger ones are enlarged.
There are three surgical methods for nevus nigromaculatus, mainly depending on the size and location of nevus nigromaculatus, and some of them need multiple operations to be completely removed.
Yu Wenlin said that most moles need to be removed in stages, and each removal is to narrow the scope of moles, so as to completely remove moles. This is a complicated treatment to avoid skin grafting and flap transfer. Another advantage of this method is that it cuts a little at a time, stretching the skin with the passage of time, thus ensuring the direct closure of the wound, forming a short incision scar, and rearranging the direction of the scar to make the incision scar closer to the skin relaxation line, thus obtaining better therapeutic effect. This staged resection is suitable for small and medium-sized moles, usually once every 3 months.
For a large area of nevus, it is usually necessary to use dilator surgery, because the expansion of skin and soft tissue can obtain "extra" normal skin, otherwise the skin after nevus resection is not enough for suture. This situation requires the patient to be hospitalized for skin expansion.
Reminder; The change of nevus should be alert to malignant change.
Nevus nigromaculata has the possibility of 10% malignant transformation. Pay more attention to moles that grow in fragile parts of the body. Experts remind that if the mole grows rapidly, the color becomes lighter or brighter, the short hair on the mole falls off, the surrounding of the mole is bright red, bloodshot can be seen, the surface is broken and scabbed, and even a long-lasting ulcer is formed, which implies that the mole has a tendency to become malignant. You should go to the hospital and ask a surgeon for a diagnosis so that you can deal with it in time. (Reporter Zhang Hua)
2. Matters needing attention after Dot mole.
1. Clean the wound: After Dot mole, keep the surface of the wound clean, and try not to hurt the wound with your hands, so as to avoid infection and inflammation of the wound and aggravate the injury degree of the wound.
2. Keep the wound dry: In order to keep the wound surface dry, don't touch water before the wound scabs. Once in contact with water, immediately use a clean dry towel to gently absorb the water to avoid infecting the wound.
3. Avoid exposing the wound to the sun: don't expose the wound to the sun, cover the wound properly, and avoid direct sunlight on the wound, so that the pigment will not be deposited.
3. avoid cosmetics infecting wounds: try not to use cosmetics and the like. If necessary, cosmetics can be used around the wound to avoid infection.
4. Don't remove scabs by hand: Let scabs fall off automatically without itching, and manually removing scabs by hand will leave scars.
5, pay attention to diet: always remind yourself not to eat some irritating foods, such as: onions, fresh ginger, garlic, peppers and so on. Avoid stimulating the wound to slow down the healing, so it will heal slowly. Try to eat less food with pigments, such as soy sauce and vinegar.
6. Eat vitamin C: You can buy foods containing vitamin C. Vitamin C can inhibit the growth of melanin and inhibit the reflux of melanin.