(1) The drying height should be appropriate.
The trunk height should be determined according to the trunk height of the target tree, and the trunk height should be determined according to the planting management method of persimmon trees. The trunk of the big crown tree in persimmon-grain intercropping garden is generally higher, mostly around 100 cm, and the fixed dry height should be 130 ~ 140 cm. Rootstock sitting on the ground and high grafting technology can be used to improve the position of fixed cadres. The crown trunk of medium density persimmon orchard should be appropriately low, mostly about 60 ~ 70 cm, and the fixed stem height should be about 80 ~ 100 cm. Japan adopts the two-pronged pruning method of scaffolding, and the fixed dry height is only 50 ~ 60 cm.
(2) The tree structure should be enlarged.
No matter which tree shape is adopted, the crown volume and the spacing between main branches and lateral branches are increased by about half compared with the standard high-yield tree structure standard. For example, in the form of sparse planting and layering, the tree height can be relaxed to 6-7 meters, and the number of main branches can be increased to 7-8. The interlayer spacing between the second layer main branch and the first layer main branch can be enlarged to 100 ~ 120 cm, and the interlayer spacing between the third layer main branch and the second layer main branch can be enlarged to 80 ~ 90 cm. The interlayer distance of the first layer of main branches is 30-40 cm, and the interlayer distance of the second layer of main branches is 50-60 cm. The distance between the lateral branches should also be increased, the distance between the first lateral branch and the central trunk should be expanded to 70-80 cm, the second lateral branch and the first lateral branch are on the same floor with a distance of 40-50 cm, the third lateral branch and the second lateral branch are on the same floor with a distance of 80-90 cm, and the fourth lateral branch and the third lateral branch are on the same floor with a distance of 30-40 cm. At the same time, pay attention to the cultivation of auxiliary branches between main branches and side branches. This can not only expand the fruit volume, but also ensure the ventilation and light transmission conditions of the crown, thus laying a good biological and ecological foundation for the long-term high quality and high yield of the tree.
(3) The cultivation of backbone branches should be flexible.
The germination and branching of persimmon trees are not strong, which brings some difficulties to the regular shaping of young trees. Therefore, the main branches of young trees should be cultivated according to the target tree structure mode as far as possible, and the technical methods such as "taking the main generation side" and "taking the main generation side" should be adopted as appropriate, and the dialectical complementary relationship between the two pruning principles of "pruning according to shape" and "shaping with branches" should be handled flexibly to achieve "tangible immortality, living and tangible".
(4) Promote branches as much as possible in plastic surgery.
Persimmon trees are not strong in budding and branching, so measures should be taken as far as possible to promote the growth and development of their branches. The effective way is to make full use of winter cutting and summer picking technology on the basis of good soil, fertilizer and water nutrition management to improve the ability of main shoots to germinate strong auxiliary shoots. Picking is generally only for strong branches, with a length of 20 ~ 30 cm. In this way, by promoting secondary branching, crown formation can be accelerated and fruit can be improved.