Any kind of fruit tree, if left to grow naturally, will not only grow well, but also yield will not be high, and so will peppers. For Zanthoxylum bungeanum, if it is not pruned and reshaped, it will lead to poor tree growth, invisible crown and dense branches. At the same time, it will also cause problems such as less flowering, delayed fruiting period, low fruit setting rate, poor fruit quality, vigorous or weak tree growth, frequent pests and diseases, shortened tree age and life span, and decreased yield. Therefore, in order to ensure the premature delivery, high yield and excellent yield of pepper, it is necessary to prune pepper scientifically and reasonably.

Below, the agricultural technology basket will talk to you about the knowledge of pepper tree pruning for farmers' reference.

First, the role of Zanthoxylum bungeanum tree pruning is a tree species with strict requirements on light, which requires long light time and intensity, sufficient light, strong tree potential, less pests and diseases, early fruiting, high yield and good quality.

Pruning Zanthoxylum bungeanum branches, on the one hand, can maintain the reasonable hierarchical distribution and scientific collocation of branches, which can not only maximize the growth space of branches, but also keep the tree in a good ventilation and light-transmitting environment; On the other hand, it can promote the tree to form a good crown, which can not only optimize the indoor lighting conditions, but also prevent the fruit of the tree from moving out; On the other hand, pruning can not only enlarge the crown of newly planted young trees and Zanthoxylum bungeanum in a short time, but also make Zanthoxylum bungeanum bear early fruits and high yields, adjust the tree vigor of young flourishing trees and weak trees to a medium state, make the trees turn from vigorous to stable and rejuvenate from weak, and blossom and bear more fruits on the basis of reducing the occurrence of pests and diseases, thus ensuring high and stable yields of Zanthoxylum bungeanum in successive years.

2. When will the pepper tree be pruned? What is the purpose and function of pruning? Generally speaking, Zanthoxylum bungeanum can be pruned all year round, but the most suitable time for pruning Zanthoxylum bungeanum is around spring1-February and autumn 9- 10. Pruning in spring is generally carried out after the sap of the tree flows out and before the new flower buds germinate (more suitable for pruning old and weak trees), pruning in autumn is generally carried out after fruit picking and before deciduous trees (more suitable for young trees), and Zanthoxylum bungeanum trees are often pruned in summer, usually during the growth period from germination to deciduous trees, but pruning in summer is mainly carried out on young trees.

The main purpose of pruning in early spring is to reduce the nutrient consumption caused by the growth of ineffective branches by thinning diseased branches, dead branches or pruning short branches, so that nutrients can be concentrated in the upper growth points, stimulate the differentiation and growth of new shoots, and make the fruiting branches robust. The main purpose of pruning in autumn is to improve the light environment of trees, enhance the photosynthesis of leaves, promote the better differentiation and development of flower buds, promote the rejuvenation of trees after picking fruits as soon as possible, and at the same time promote Zanthoxylum bungeanum to make and store more nutrients before winter to ensure safe overwintering. The main purpose of pruning young flourishing trees in summer is to reasonably adjust the nutrient distribution in the trees and improve the ventilation and light transmission environment, so as to promote the accumulation of more nutrients in the same year and form more fruiting branches in the next year.

Third, different pruning methods of pepper trees Generally speaking, the pruning of pepper trees includes two aspects: shaping and pruning, but in practice, most of them need to be combined with shaping and pruning. In the pruning methods, Zanthoxylum bungeanum mainly includes opening angle, wiping bud, removing sprout, removing core, thinning branches, ring cutting, slightly twisting and carving. After the leaves of Zanthoxylum bungeanum fall in autumn and before germination in early spring, it mainly includes leaf thinning, leaf splitting, leaf shrinking, slow release and bud carving. Please refer to my previous article on fruit tree pruning for specific operations, so I won't go into details here.

1. Select the pruning time according to the age and potential of the tree.

For young trees and fruiting trees, it is more suitable to prune peppers after harvesting in autumn and before defoliation. Pruning at this time can prevent the problems of slow wound healing, excessive wound flow and reduced fruit yield after pruning in spring. For Zanthoxylum bungeanum with poor growth and weak tree potential, it is more appropriate to prune trees in spring before the sap flows out and germinates. Pruning at this time can prevent trees from freezing in winter or appearing dry branches and dead branches after pruning.

2. Pruning of small trees

The pruning of young trees mainly focuses on tree body shaping, crown formation and fruit promotion, and thinning should be the main method.

For young trees planted for the first time, the top of the trunk can be cut off according to the height of the first year (about 30-50 cm) for short cutting. Before germination in the second year, five robust branches with juice can be selected as the main branches of the backbone for culture, and other new branches can be controlled by pinching. In winter, the crowded branches, overlapping branches, pests and diseases, weak branches and all branches that affect the growth of main branches can be removed from the trunk. In addition, in the third year, we should pay attention to the selection and retention of main branches and first-class lateral branches, and regulate and prune competitive branches; In the third year, we will continue to cultivate the main branches and lateral branches, and at the same time do a good job in selecting, retaining and cultivating the main branches and lateral branches, auxiliary branches and fruiting branches.

3. Pruning of early fruit trees

Zanthoxylum bungeanum can generally begin to bear fruit in the third to fourth years, and a small amount of yield can only be formed in the sixth year or so. This period is generally called the first fruit period. The pruning of trees at the initial fruit stage should focus on expanding the crown, shaping the tree shape, cultivating the branches, and adjusting the relationship between the tree potential and the fruit. , not only to promote multi-fruit, but also to affect the normal growth in the later stage. When pruning, it is suggested to use the method of "stretching and bending branches" for light cutting and thinning, and not to use too much short cutting.