Huperzia serrata is a perennial herbaceous flower of Orchidaceae, with upright leaves, thick texture and linear lanceolate shape, and white and dark green tiger tail horizontal stripes on the leaves, which is strange and interesting. Native to North Africa and its vicinity, it has strong adaptability, likes warm and humid, and is drought-tolerant, that is, it likes light and shade. Sand with good drainage is the best.
land
Hupilan requires loose soil and strong air permeability, so when mixing soil for Hupilan, we must pay attention to the use of 2/3 rotten leaves and 1/3 garden soil, and remember that the soil must be loose and air permeable, otherwise it will cause water not to evaporate easily, leading to rotten roots. You can also mix 3 parts of fertile garden soil with 1 part of cinder, and add a small amount of bean cake or chicken manure as base fertilizer.
type
It can be propagated by cuttage. All varieties of Euphorbia macrophylla can be divided into plants, which are usually combined with changing pots in spring. The method is to cut the overgrown leaf cluster into several clusters, and each cluster should have a section of rhizome and sucking bud besides the leaves, which are planted in pots respectively.
When the temperature is higher than 65438 05℃, the yellow-edged or silver-striped variety "Hupilan" can be cut. The method is to take 5- 10 cm long leaves, dry them in the sand for a while, and never insert them backwards. Spraying a new high-fat film on the surface of plants after cutting can prevent the infection of germs, improve the ability to resist natural disasters, improve the intensity of photosynthesis, and pay attention to maintaining a certain humidity.
temperature
The temperature requirement is quite high, and the suitable growth temperature is 20-30℃, and the growth will stop below 13℃. The lowest temperature in winter should not be lower than 10℃, otherwise the base of the plant will rot and the whole plant will die.
humidity
In the growing period, the principle of "dry but not wet" should be mastered when watering the tiger orchid. When new plants germinate at the root neck in spring, water should be appropriately increased to keep the soil in the basin moist, and no water should be accumulated in the basin in rainy season. Usually you can scrub the dust on the leaves with clean water to keep them clean and bright.
Generally speaking, if the soil is loose, water it twice a week; It's cold in winter, just water it once.
illuminate
Hu Pilan likes light, so she must bask in the sun from time to time. It is best to put it in a place where it can be directly illuminated. If conditions do not permit, it should also be placed near the sun. If left in a dark place for a long time, it will cause the leaves to turn yellow.
In addition, if you stay indoors for a long time, don't suddenly move directly into the sun. It's best to move it to a bright place first, so that it can have an adaptation process, otherwise the leaves will be easily burned. 165438+ 10 entered the room at the beginning of October, and the room temperature can be kept above 0℃ for safe wintering, but during this period, the pot soil should not be too wet, so it should be exposed to more sunlight.
fertilizer
Hupilan doesn't need much fertilizer, and only needs to apply 15% cake fertilizer and water once every two months in the growing season. Spraying Zhuangganling can make the plant stem stout, leaves plump, leaves fresh and tender, and plants flourish. At the peak of growth, fertilizer can be applied 1 ~ 2 times a month, and the amount of fertilizer should be less; If only nitrogen fertilizer is applied for a long time, the markings on the leaves will become dim, so compound fertilizer is generally used. You can also bury three holes of cooked soybeans evenly in the soil next to the basin, with 7 ~ 10 grains per hole, being careful not to touch the roots; Fertilization was stopped from June 165438+ 10 to March of the following year.
Disease pest
There are two kinds of common diseases of Hupilan: leaf spot and anthracnose. At this time, 50% carbendazim can be sprayed for treatment. Common pests are harmed by weevil, and at this time, 50% chlorpyrifos EC can be sprayed 1000 times to kill them.
Adult Huperzia serrata can blossom every year, and it is fragrant, but it is mainly used for leaf viewing. These plants are drought-resistant, moisture-resistant and shade-resistant, and can adapt to various harsh environments, and are suitable for landscaping or potted plants. They are advanced indoor plants, which are very suitable for decorating lighting places in living rooms and study rooms.
According to experts, Hupilan can absorb more than 80% of indoor harmful gases, especially formaldehyde, which is particularly practical in newly renovated houses. Hupilan can also prevent radiation.
Solutions to Daily Maintenance of Clivia (2)
12. How about spraying water on the leaves of Clivia?
A: The leaves of Clivia are important organs of photosynthesis. If there is dust or dirt on the leaves, it is not conducive to photosynthesis. Spraying water on the leaves regularly can clean the dust and dirt on the leaves and keep them moist. Especially in summer, the leaves of Clivia should be sprayed with water every day, and the sprayed water should have a certain pressure of fine fog, so that the leaves are dewy. Spraying water on the leaves can reduce water evaporation, reduce the temperature of leaves and prevent the leaves from growing white. But don't spray water on the arrows and flowers when Clivia draws arrows and blooms, in case the arrows rot and the pollen is washed away, which will not bear fruit. Family orchids can spray water on the leaves many times a day to create a humid environment and help Clivia thrive.
13. What should I do if the leaves of Clivia are irregular?
A: Clivia leaves are very phototropic. If the management is not good, it is easy to skew, which will affect the appreciation of Clivia. One way to correct the skew of blades is to directly clamp the skewed blades and straight blades on the plastic clips of clothes drying with soft paper, which can be corrected after a period of time. Second, use opaque tin black paper or cardboard, fold it into 1/2 blade width according to the blade length, and fix it on the blade with hairpins or paper clips. The blade leans over there and is fixed there. After a few days, the blade will recover. Pay attention to observe at any time to prevent overcorrection. Third, Clivia looks from the front. Some leaves are spaced apart, while others are next to each other. You can make a set of boards out of cardboard. According to the number of leaves and leaves, open some equally spaced grooves and stick the floor tiles in them. After the above treatment and shaping, Clivia can look at a line from the side and face the ideal flower shape like a fan.
14. How to preserve the collected pollen?
Answer: the collected pollen, that is, the anther at the top of the stamen is picked after touching the pollen, to prepare for the artificial pollination of the pistil of your own flower. So how to preserve and store the collected pollen? First, prepare a penicillin bottle, lift the rubber cap, brush it clean, dry it, roll it into a bottle stopper with toilet paper, clamp the root of the near stamen with tweezers or hemostatic forceps, and roll it into the middle of the bottle stopper to expose a stamen stem. Then plug the bottle with pollen, put it in a refrigerator or a cool and dry place, and control the temperature at 3℃ ~ 10℃ above zero. If you want to preserve precious pollen every other year, you can soak the outside of the cork with melted paraffin to prevent ventilation. Then put it in the freezer of the refrigerator for one year, and use it the same in the second year. You can also sit on the fruit.
15. How to choose the best time for pollination? How does Clivia pollinate?
A: After the female bud blooms for 3-4 days, the top of the trident on the stigma begins to secrete mucus, which is easy to stick to pollen. This is the best time for pollination. Pollination time is generally selected at 9- 10 am and 2-3 pm. Because at this time, the temperature in the flower cellar and indoor is rising, the sunshine is sufficient and the climate is dry, which is beneficial to pollination effect. Use tweezers to spot the collected pollen on the pistil of the plant to be pollinated, that is, on the trident stigma, or roll the pollen with paper roll, and see that the trident stigma is stained with pollen. To be on the safe side, the prize will be awarded the next day.
16. How to control and prolong the flowering period of Clivia?
A: Generally, there are two purposes to control and extend the flowering period. One is to meet the needs of pollination. For example, if you have a good and excellent variety that can be used as a parent, you should make the first move. However, many female orchids that need this as a male parent have not been marked. In this case, it is necessary to control the male parent first, delay its flowering period by cooling and dimming, and wait for the female parent to get an arrow. On the contrary, it is necessary to increase the temperature and temperature difference, strengthen the light, and make it bloom at the same time as the male parent, so as to achieve the purpose of using flour. Another purpose is to use the above methods to make the flowering period open when needed. For example, it is open on New Year's Day, Spring Festival or other flower show festivals or festivals to add festive atmosphere. At present, the method of controlling flowering period is realized by changing temperature and illumination time. The flowering period of Clivia can be prolonged by prolonging the flowering period, lowering the temperature and reducing the illumination time.
17. What accessories should be used to breed Clivia?
A: There are many auxiliary materials for the propagation of Clivia, such as fine sand, fine slag, white pine and Korean pine sawdust, larch pine needles and so on. All these methods can be used, but practice has proved that the best method is to adopt two layers and three auxiliary materials, namely, fluidized bed furnace fine slag, white pine or Korean pine sawdust and larch leaves. Grinding the fine slag into small particles or slightly larger particles, mixing with sawdust in half, and keeping larch pine needles. Loosen the needle at the bottom of 3/4 of the total height of planting tools, and put the mixed auxiliary materials of slag and sawdust at the top 1/4. Then, put the seeds into the mixed auxiliary materials, the upper end of the seeds is parallel to the auxiliary materials, and sprinkle a thin layer of auxiliary materials on it to complete the planting. Plant spacing should not be too large or too dense. Generally about 5 mm, this method is characterized by fast germination. When the bud grows to a certain length, it will plunge into the pine needle nutrient soil to absorb nutrients. The seedlings are strong and the transplanting time can be delayed, which is beneficial to management.
How to raise Hu pilan? What are the breeding methods and precautions of Hu Pilan?
Huperzia serrata is a perennial evergreen herb. Many friends like to keep potted Huperzia serrata at home, not only because it has ornamental value, but also because it can absorb harmful substances such as formaldehyde in the house and reduce the harm to their families. Hu Pilan's posture is resolute, strange and interesting. It is a common potted foliage plant at home, suitable for decorating study, living room, bedroom and other places, and can be viewed for a long time. Let's take a look at the indoor cultivation methods and precautions of Populus euphratica!
Introduction to the Growth Habits of 1 Hupilan
Huwei orchid leaves are firm and upright, with gray and dark green huwei orchid-like stripes on the leaves. Its posture is firm, peculiar and interesting, with many varieties, great changes in plant shape and leaf color, exquisite and unique, strong adaptability to the environment, warm and humid, drought-resistant, light-resistant and shade-resistant, and lax requirements for soil. Sandy loam with good drainage is better, and the growth temperature is 20 ~ 30℃.
2. Introduction of propagation methods of Picea crassifolia.
1. rameting: firstly, take the whole plant out of the pot, remove the old culture soil, expose the rhizome and cut it into several plants along its direction (so that each plant contains at least 2-3 leaves), and each pot can be planted with 2-3 plants. This method can raise seedlings all year round, but it is best in spring and summer, which can be combined with changing pots in spring.
2. Cutting: Cut the mature leaves into small pieces of about 8 cm, dry them in the shade for 65,438+0 ~ 2 days, and then insert them upright into clean river sand for 3 ~ 4 cm. Be careful not to insert them upside down when cutting. In summer, cuttings can grow adventitious roots for about a month, and then new buds will grow at the base. After the new buds grow leaves, they can be transplanted into flowerpots with cuttings. It takes a relatively long time for cuttings to take root in other seasons. As long as the temperature is 15 ~ 25℃, it can be cut at any time.
3. Introduce the cultivation methods and matters needing attention of Hupilan.
1, soil: the soil of Hupilan needs to be loose and breathable, so when mixing soil with Hupilan, you must pay attention to using 2/3 rotten leaves and 1/3 garden soil, and remember that the soil must be loose and breathable, otherwise it will cause water not to evaporate easily, leading to root rot.
2. Temperature: Hupilan has high requirements on temperature. The suitable growth temperature is 20 ~ 30℃, and the lowest in winter should not be lower than 10℃, which must be paid attention to, especially in the northern region.
3. Watering: Hupilan also has high requirements for water. Generally speaking, if the soil is loose, it needs to be watered twice a week, while in winter, it only needs to be watered once because of climate factors.
4. Pruning: compared with other green plants in China, Hupi orchid grows faster, so when the pot is full, it needs to be pruned manually, mainly to cut off the old leaves and places that are too prosperous to ensure its sunshine and growth space.
5, change pots: Hupilan is a perennial plant. Generally speaking, it should be changed every two years. When changing pots, we should pay attention to supplementing nutrients to the new soil to ensure its nutrient supply.
6. Fertilization: Hupilan doesn't need much fertilizer. Fertilization is only needed twice a month during the growing season. Pay attention to the application of dilute fertilizer solution to ensure vigorous growth.
How to protect the cat country
The easiest way to make Cattleya blossom in time is to choose varieties with different flowering periods. In order to make it bloom from October to March in 65438/kloc-0, winter flowers and early spring varieties, such as Dayan, Yangkou and Red Rose, can be selected. If it blooms from April to May, you can choose varieties of late spring flowers, such as rubies, mobile phones and dreams come true. If it blooms from June to September, you can choose summer flowers, such as the prince and the autumnal equinox. If it is 10- 12, you can choose autumn and winter flower varieties, such as sapphire, yellow diamond, green and green virgin. For Cattelan, an autumn and winter flower that needs short sunshine, its flowering period can be controlled by shortening or prolonging the illumination time, so that it can bloom in time. For temperature-type varieties, the flowering period can be controlled by adjusting the temperature. In order to grow cattleya well, we should pay special attention to the management of the following aspects. 1. Temperature: The suitable growth temperature is 20℃~ 30℃ from March to 10, and 12℃~ 24℃ from June to March of the following year, among which 25℃~ 30℃ is better during the day and15℃ ~ 20 at night. In winter, the greenhouse temperature should not be lower than 10℃? Otherwise, the plant stops growing and enters a semi-dormant state. When the temperature is lower than 8℃, the varieties that are generally not cold-tolerant are prone to chilling injury, and the varieties with strong cold tolerance can withstand the low temperature of 5℃. When the ambient temperature drops below 12℃ in late autumn and early winter, it should be moved indoors as soon as possible. When the temperature exceeds 35℃ in summer, measures should be taken to create a relatively cool environment for it, such as building a shed to shade it, spraying water on the environment, increasing ventilation, etc., so that it can continue to grow vigorously, spend the summer safely and avoid stem and leaf rot.
2. Lighting: I like the semi-cloudy environment with scattered light. If the light is too strong, its leaves and pseudobulb will turn yellow or burn easily, causing diseases. If the light is too weak, it will lead to long and thin leaves. Under normal circumstances, 50% to 60% of the light can be blocked by black nets in spring, summer and autumn, and plants placed indoors can be placed in front of the window to see some direct sunlight in winter.
3. Humidity: Catland needs not only humidity, but also high air humidity. For epiphytic orchids, the root system is fleshy, so plants with good drainage and ventilation should be selected to avoid water accumulation and root rot. You need a lot of water during the growing period, but you can't water too much, especially in winter when the humidity is low and the light is poor. It is necessary to effectively control watering, otherwise it will easily lead to the death of its rotten roots. In addition, Catland has a dormancy period of about 40 days after the flowers wither, during which the planting materials should be kept in a slightly wet state. Generally, it is watered every 2 ~ 3 days in spring, summer and autumn, and once a week in winter. When the substrate at the bottom of the basin is slightly wet, it is the best watering time, and the water should be poured thoroughly once. The water quality is slightly acidic, so it is not suitable to water or spray water at night to prevent water from staying on the leaves and causing diseases. Generally, Cattelan needs to maintain 60% to 65% air humidity. It can be humidified two or three times a day through a humidifier, plus foliar spraying, to create a moist and suitable environment for it.
4. Planting materials: The planting materials for cultivating Cattleya can usually be mixed with fern root, moss, bark block, water moss, perlite, peat soil and cinder. Generally, vigorous plants are replaced every 1 ~ 2 years, and the best time is to change pots when new buds just sprout in spring or after flowering.
5. Fertilizer: A considerable part of the fertilizer needed by Cattelan can be obtained through mycorrhiza produced by its roots, and relatively little fertilizer is needed. It is forbidden to use human excrement, and it is also forbidden to use organic fertilizer that is not fully decomposed, otherwise it will easily lead to root rot and necrosis of plants. Retted dry cake fertilizer powder or multi-element slow-release compound fertilizer particles can be embedded in plant materials. In the growing season, the mixture of 0. 1% urea and 0. 1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate is sprayed on the leaves every half month. When the temperature is higher than 32℃ and lower than 15℃, fertilization should be stopped, and fertilization should also be suspended during flowering and dormancy after flowering, so as not to damage the root system by fertilizer.