Red soil, commonly known as red earth, has vigorous growth, high germination rate, strong branching, easy flowering and high yield. Its fruit is big, bright in color, crisp in meat and resistant to storage and transportation, and it is a precious late-maturing grape variety. After several years of introduction and cultivation, Jixian County has shown strong adaptability, easy management, good benefits and broad development prospects. According to the introduction and cultivation experience and related technical data report, this management plan is specially formulated for the reference of fruit farmers in production.

1, landscape planning

(1) Garden selection: Red Globe Vineyards should be built in sandy loam or loam plots with high organic matter content, and the ph value is neutral or slightly acidic, so as to avoid being built in low-lying places with heavy water. It should be built on a plot with irrigation and drainage conditions, convenient transportation and complete power facilities.

(2) Road planning; According to the grape area and terrain, the main road and auxiliary road are planned to facilitate the operation of the park and the transportation of goods.

(3) Water conservancy facilities, vineyards should follow the principle of saving water and electricity, do a good job in the planning and design of irrigation canals and drainage ditches, vigorously promote port management and drip irrigation, and ensure dry energy irrigation and waterlogging drainage.

(4) Shelf orientation design: The arrangement of grape rows cultivated in trellis is most suitable for the east-west direction, the row spacing is 3-4m, and the shelf faces north, making full use of the light from east, south and west to improve the fruit quality. If there is no windbreak forest on the north side, it is necessary to climb south to avoid the attack of northwest wind. For the north-south long and narrow plots, it is best to climb eastward when the north-south direction is needed.

(5) Ditching: it is usually carried out in autumn and winter, and the width and depth of the ditch are 70x80cm. When digging ditches, the topsoil and subsoil should be separated. Pick up the stone and backfill it.

(6) Backfilling: When filling, the trench bottom should be filled with 20cm thick straw (the straw should be cut into 20cm long sections), and the second layer should be filled with 40cm thick mixture of soil and manure. The dosage of manure is 5000 kg per 666 square meters, which should be fermented and decomposed. When it is 20cm away from the ground, sprinkle a layer of water-retaining agent in the ditch, and the dosage per mu is 1.5-2 kg. After mixing evenly, fill in the cooked soil. Use subsoil as ridge.

(7) Film mulching for furrow irrigation: furrow irrigation shall be carried out 10 day before sowing, generally twice. Fill it in the first time when the backfill is slightly lower than the ground, and fill it again in the second time when the fill is flush with the ditch. After the water seeps down, make the ditch into a ridge about 5 cm above the ground. The ridge should be all wet soil, the soil quality should be fine and the surface should be flat. Then cover the ridge with plastic film, and compact the two sides with soil (if the garden is an autumn seedling, it should be planted first and then covered with plastic film).

(8) Planting:

(1) seedling standard: high-quality seedlings should be selected, and the stem diameter of autumn seedlings should be greater than 0. 5cm, preferably about 0.8cm, with rich wood and developed root system; Green seedlings require three leaves and one heart, normal root system and no pests and diseases.

② The planting time of autumn seedlings is about April 10, and that of green seedlings is about May 10-25.

③ Plant spacing; Greenhouse row spacing is 3-4m (4-6m), plant spacing is 70-80cm, and there are 240-270 plants per mu.

(4) Planting method: autumn seedlings are planted in front of plastic film, covered with plastic film after planting, so that the seedlings are exposed out of the film, and 20cm around the seedlings are buried with soil; When planting green seedlings, use self-made construction equipment to punch holes in the film according to the plant spacing, and the depth is the same as the height of the nutrition bag. First cut off the lower end of the nutrition bag and put it in the hole. Pour a small amount of water, take out the bag, compact it with the surrounding soil, and then seal the area of 20cm around the seedlings with soil.

⑤ Rooting powder: After planting for one week, root is irrigated with No.3 rooting powder of 10ppm. The method is to peel off the soil around the stem of the seedling, water it with the prepared rooting powder solution, and water 350 grams (7 liang) of liquid medicine per plant. After the liquid medicine seeps down, cover it with soil and seal it tightly.

2, the establishment of scaffolding

(1) specifications of cement pole: the height of side column is 2.8m, the height of middle column is 2.5m, the side length of column section is 12x 12cm, and 2m is reserved above the ground. The side column inclines outward by 30 degrees and is tightened with ground anchor.

(2) Shelf layout: For orchards with a row spacing of 4m, each shelf should be provided with double rows of columns with a spacing of 5m (66 columns per mu); A garden with a row spacing of 3-3.5m can be provided with a row of columns with a column spacing of 3-4m. The columns should be 30cm inside the grape ridge, and the rows should be left and right, which is convenient for setting the shelf surface when pulling the lead wire.

(3) Lead wire arrangement: In the first year, tie a lead wire every 50 cm from the ground on the post. Pull it up four times, horizontally pull the lead wire at the top of the cement column the following year, and then pull a lead wire every 50cm along the longitudinal direction to form a 50-60 cm net. When pulling lead wire, we must pay attention to the tension, so that the whole frame can form a joint force, in order to withstand the pressure of branches and leaves, fruits and the attack of strong phoenix.

3. High-yield cultivation techniques

(1) shaping and trimming:

① The characteristics of Dulonggan. The main vine is cultivated from the base of the plant and extends from the vertical frame to the shed. The main vine is arranged in parallel with the main vine, which looks like a "dragon trunk". There are two fruiting branches or fruiting mother branches on the main vine every 25cm, which are shaped like "dragon claws", hence the name.

② Cultivation method of Dulonggan: In the same year of planting, a main vine was cultivated from the ground, and the core was picked when it grew to 70cm. When the seedlings are weak, the seeds should be removed at the height of 50cm to increase the thickness of the seedlings. Wipe off the secondary branches within 30cm from the ground at the base, leave 3 leaves for the secondary branches above 30cm, and pick the core when the extended vines grow to 7 large leaves. The following secondary branches are treated as above, and all secondary branches will be picked in the middle and late August. When pruning in winter, pruning should be carried out according to the thickness and maturity of the main vine. Generally, the cutting thickness should reach 1cm, not less than 0.8cm, and the cutting length should be about1m. When the thickness is less than 0.8cm, 3-5 or 2-3 buds should be left for stubble leveling. After the buds germinated in the following spring, the robust new shoots were selected as the main vines, and the inflorescences on them were removed to reduce nutrient consumption. The cutting length of branches in winter should be appropriately extended according to the cutting thickness. When the thickness is greater than 1cm, the cutting length is about 2m (the thickness of branches at the cutting place is not less than 1cm), and 1 lateral vine is left every 25cm, and 2-3 buds are cut short, and the rest lateral vines are all drained. Leave 4 fruiting branches per meter on the main vine. The plastic surgery task is basically completed.

Short shoot pruning is the main pruning method in winter, so the mother branch keeps two buds at the base. Pay attention to the culture and regeneration of fruiting branches, and leave 10- 12 new shoots per square meter in the growing season.