A, each growth period pruning requirements:
1. vegetative growth period: on the basis of fixed stem and seedlings, the crown is mainly shaped and cultivated. In the first and second years after planting, the main branches and secondary branches are cultivated continuously, and the lateral branches are arranged, so that the tree body is compact and the branches are flourishing. Cultivate shoots 3 ~ 4 times a year, form a crown as soon as possible, and remove buds in time.
2. Growth and fruiting period: continue to cultivate the crown and bear appropriate fruits. Promote new shoots 2 ~ 3 times a year, so that the branches are evenly arranged and a compact crown is formed as soon as possible. The middle and upper parts of plants do not bear fruit or bear little fruit during the day, and pruning is mainly based on bud wiping and shoot control.
3. Full fruiting period: the height of the tree is generally controlled below 250cm, the crown is wide, the periphery is concave and convex, the branches grow healthily, the thickness of the green leaf layer should be above 100cm, and the ventilation is transparent, resulting in a three-dimensional effect. Control the intersection between rows, and the crown coverage rate is 75% ~ 85%. Pruning suitable trees, deleting secrets and keeping sparse, removing the weak and keeping strong; Cut and stay, cut outside and stay inside; Cut down more trees and plant more flowers, and cut down less trees and plant less.
4. Aging period: retract and prune, renew or prune old fruit branches, new fruit branches press against the inner chamber or lower part, keep germination, prune densely and sparsely, arrange evenly, spend more flowers and prune more, and prune weak trees moderately.
2. Pruning period: from early February to mid-March in spring; Early July to mid-August is the summer and autumn season. In addition, from late April to early July, auxiliary pruning such as bud wiping, shoot control and flower cutting was carried out.
Third, pruning method: according to the characteristics of each variety and the strength of the tree.
1, multi-flowered trees should be felled again, and thinning should be combined; Trees with few flowers should be cut lightly, and only some dense branches and twigs should be deleted.
2, dead branches, serious pests and diseases, all cut off from the base.
3. Aging branches should be shortened, updated or deleted, and the length of updated branches depends on the strength and position of branches.
4. In principle, cut off the horizontal branches and long branches from the base, but when the middle and lower parts of the crown are empty, they can be appropriately cut short as regenerative branches or fill gaps; Dense branches should be trimmed properly, and those that are too long should be trimmed.