Shangpen

① Choice of pot: The branches and leaves of black pine are dark green, and the medium-deep purple sand pottery pot should be chosen. Small bonsai can be glazed pottery pots, and large bonsai can be stone carving pots made of alum or marble. The shape of the basin can be determined according to the type of tree. Generally, there are many rectangular basins or elliptical basins, and the cliff model should adopt deep thousand-tube basins or medium-deep square basins.

② Soil: Pinus thunbergii has low requirements for soil, but it is suitable for loose and deep neutral soil or slightly acidic soil. It is best to use mountain soil or rotten leaf soil mixed with 20% sand as culture soil for potted plants. The soil should not be too fertile to control growth.

(3) Planting: It is best to plant before germination in March. Plants should bring overnight soil. Roots that are too long can be properly cut short, so that when planted, the roots will not bend in the pot.

(3) Modeling

① Overall attitude treatment: mainly climbing, supplemented by pruning. After a year of cultivation of black pine piles, the square grows well. Developed root system, high survival rate and strong anti-smoke pollution ability.

Step 2 make bonsai

(l) material selection

From the wild Pinus thunbergii forest land in mountainous areas, plants planted by natural aerial seeding seeds are preferred, which grow short and stout, especially small old stumps that grow from crevices. After digging, cultivate it in the open field (raise blank), and then go to the basin for processing and modeling when the root system is developed and the branches and leaves are flourishing. In order to meet the needs of making bonsai, when cultivating in the open field, we should choose a place with sufficient light and poor soil, control the supply of water and nutrients, and make the main roots short, the lateral roots developed, the stems short and buckled, the branches and leaves dense and elegant. When it is good, it can be processed in a pot. The trunk of the stump is relatively thick, so it can be properly cut and processed, and then the remaining side branches can be climbed into a flat or drooping shape. When selecting and retaining lateral branches, we should be careful not to leave parallel branches and symmetrical branches, and it is best to have hierarchical differences. The whole posture processing of black pine should be carried out in the dormant period, when the sap flows slowly, there is no danger of rosin overflow when pruning branches. During the growing period, you can only climb or pick buds to control growth, but you can't trim the whole body.

② Trunk shape: Black pine bonsai can be made into inclined dry type, bent dry type, cliff type and other shapes, and can also be made into stone-attached bonsai. Because of black

Pine needles are thick, hard and long, which are not suitable for slicing, and most of them are natural, showing the characteristics of typical pine trees.

maintenance management

(1) Cultural environment

Black pine is cold-resistant and drought-resistant. It can be used on slopes and balconies in the yard, on platforms and in places with sufficient light and ventilation all year round. But small bonsai should not be exposed to strong light in midsummer. You can spend the winter in the open air in winter, and it is best to bury the basin in the lee of the sun. If the room temperature should not be too high, it is not suitable to spend the winter indoors, and Tomb-Sweeping Day can be moved outdoors.

(2) Water

Black pine prefers to dry rather than accumulate water, so it is not suitable for over-watering. Only when it is dry can it be watered thoroughly. Proper water control during the growth period can make the branches short and the needles short, and increase the ornamental value. When it is hot in summer, you can often spray foliar water, which is beneficial to growth.

(3) Fertilization

Black pine is barren-tolerant, the soil is deficient in fertilizer, and it can also grow normally, which can promote short stems, dense branches and short leaves. However, proper application of 1 ~ 2 times of thin decomposed cake fertilizer during the growth period is beneficial to healthy growth and increase the ability to resist pests and diseases.

(4) Pruning

In order to maintain its elegant and simple tree shape, the black pine bonsai should be trimmed properly, and the pruning should mainly be based on picking buds during the growing period, with an average of 3 ~ 4 times a year. When the new shoots are elongated but the needles have not been drawn, about 65,438+0/2 of each terminal bud can be picked. If the bonsai does not need long branches, all terminal buds can be picked. For the branches that affect the beauty of the tree, they can be pruned during dormancy.

(5) Turn the basin over

Black pine bonsai is generally turned once every 3-5 years, preferably in February-March. When turning the pot, all the original pot soil should be poured out, and 1/2 old soil should be removed, too long roots, dead roots and rotten roots should be cut off, and some unnecessary branches and leaves should be trimmed at the same time to keep the pot soil balanced up and down. If the capacity of the original pot is not enough, it can be replaced with a slightly larger new pot, and the planting method is the same as that of the upper pot.

The problem of the landlord, let it grow and trim it properly.