1.86m is the nose length of common African elephants.

(1) animal name. Mammals, proboscis, Elephantidae. Elephant, commonly known as elephant, is the largest land animal in the world. Its main external feature is a flexible and muscular long nose, which has the function of winding and is a powerful tool for elephants to defend themselves and feed. There are only two species of proboscis, Asian elephant and African elephant, belonging to 1 family and 2 genera. Asian elephants were once widely distributed in South Asia and Southeast Asia south of the Yangtze River in China, but now their distribution is decreasing, mainly in India, Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam and other countries. There are also a few wild populations in Xishuangbanna, China. African elephants are widely distributed throughout the African continent.

The elephant shoulder is about 2 meters high and weighs 3 ~ 7 tons. Big head and big ears are like fans. The limbs are as thick as cylinders, supporting a huge body, and the knee joint cannot flex freely. The length of the nose is almost equal to the body length, and it is cylindrical, stretching and bending freely; The end of the nostril is open, and there are finger-like protrusions on the tip of the nose, which can pick up small things. There are 1 pairs of well-developed incisors in the maxilla, which grow for life. The front teeth of African elephants can be as long as 3.3 meters, while the female fangs of Asian elephants are not exposed. There are six buccal teeth on both sides of the upper and lower jaws, which grow from front to back in turn, with a high crown and complex structure. There are five toes on each foot, but 1 and the fifth toe are hypoplastic. The coat is sparse and the body color is light grayish brown. Male elephant testicles are hidden in abdominal cavity; There are two nipples behind the front legs of the female elephant, and the pregnancy lasts for more than 600 days. Generally, each fetus 1 offspring. African elephants have two finger-like protrusions at the end of their long noses, while Asian elephants have only 1. African elephants have big ears and big bodies, while Asian elephants have small ears, small bodies and light weight.

Elephants inhabit various habitats, especially jungles, grasslands and river valleys. Live in groups, and males occasionally live alone. Feeding on plants, the food intake is huge, with a daily food intake of more than 225 kilograms. Life expectancy is about 80 years. Some elephants have been domesticated by human beings and regarded as domestic animals, which can be used for riding or labor. Ivory has always been used as a valuable carving material, which is expensive, so elephants have been killed and the number has dropped sharply.

Modern elephants evolved from their ancestors. According to the fossil discovery, the Eocene ancestor elephant only had a long nose and a small body. From ancestor elephants to modern elephants.

African elephant

Distributed in central, eastern and southern Africa.

African elephants live in tropical forests, jungles and grasslands from sea level to 5000 meters above sea level. It is the largest living land mammal. Living in groups, led by a male elephant, daily life, no settlements. Feed on weeds, leaves, bark, branches, etc.

The reproductive period is not fixed, the pregnancy is about 22 months, each child is 1, the sexual maturity age is 13- 14, and the life span is 70-80 years. Beijing Zoo 1954 begins to be exhibited.

It is listed in the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora.

The African elephant is the largest living terrestrial mammal, with a body length of 6-7.5 meters, a tail length of 1- 1.3 meters, a shoulder height of 3-4 meters and a weight of 5-7.5 tons. The highest record is a male, with a total length of 10.67m, forefoot circumference of 1.8m and weight of1.75t. The largest ivory record is 350cm long and weighs about107kg.

African adult elephants are really difficult to deal with. Studies in recent years show that there are two kinds of African elephants: African grassland elephants and African forest elephants. The common African grassland elephant is the largest land mammal in the world, with large ears and sharp lower part. Both males and females have long curved tusks, and they are extremely irritable and will take the initiative to attack other animals.

African forest elephants have round ears and small individuals, generally not more than 2.5 meters high, with 5 toes on the front foot and 4 toes on the back foot (the same as Asian elephants), and the ivory texture is hard. Recently, according to genetic analysis, it is proved that it is not the same species as the African grassland elephant. There are obvious differences in genetic characteristics and appearance between African grassland elephants and African forest elephants: forest elephants are small in size, with round ears and straight and pink ivory. Smaller Japanese elephants have been found in African rainforests in the past, and now they are considered as African forest elephants without mature individuals. The meat in the first step is bigger and more suitable for life without water. It knows how to save water very well. It will look for water in the desert.

Asian Elephant

Scientific name: elephant

English name: Indian elephant

Distributed in the south of Yunnan Province, China. Foreign countries are in South Asia and Southeast Asia.

Asian elephants live in tropical forests, jungles or grasslands. Live in groups, led by a female elephant, have no fixed habitat and move during the day. Poor eyesight (mainly elephant eyelashes are long, which affects vision), sensitive sense of smell and hearing, and like to take a bath in hot weather. In the morning and evening, they feed on weeds, leaves, bamboo leaves and wild fruits.

The reproductive period is not fixed, the gestation period is 20-22 months, and each child is sexually mature at the age of 1, 9- 12, with a life span of 70-80 years. Beijing Zoo 195 1 Annual Breeding Exhibition, 1964 Breeding was successful.

The first-class protected animals in China are listed in the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora.

There were 6 families of long-nosed animals, 5 of which were extinct, and only 2 genera and 2 species of 1 family were found. As the name implies, this animal has a long nose with finger-like protrusions at the end, so it can pick up small things. Elephantidae includes 2 genera and 2 species of animals, namely Asian elephants and African elephants. Elephant is the largest living terrestrial mammal, with developed sense of smell and hearing and poor eyesight. The long nose plays the role of arms and fingers, and can inhale water and food and send them to the mouth. The huge auricle not only helps hearing, but also dissipates heat. The tusks of males (male and female African elephants) are specialized maxillary incisors. Asian elephants have five fingers in their forelimbs, four toes in their hind limbs, and three toes in their forelimbs in Africa.

Elephants are social animals, with the family as the unit and the female elephant as the leader. The daily activity time, action route, feeding place and habitat are all commanded by the mother elephant. Adult male elephants only bear the responsibility of protecting family safety. Sometimes several elephant groups gather together to form hundreds of large groups.

An elephant named "Zhong Ni" in Russian Perm Zoo celebrated its 40th birthday on June 8th, thus becoming the longest-lived elephant kept by zoos or circuses in the world.

Among mammals, the longest-lived animal is the elephant. It is said that you can live 60 to 70 years old. Of course, wild places are different from artificial farming, and the life span of the former is shorter. According to records, the longevity elephants in Golpagos Islands can live to 180 to 200 years old.