First, plant transplantation
1, autumn is the best season for transplanting broad-leaved deciduous trees, and the best effect is to transplant them immediately after the leaves fall off.
It is windy in autumn, and the temperature drops gradually. In autumn, it is necessary to do a good job of water conservation and heat preservation when transplanting trees, which is beneficial to the survival of trees.
Second, plant pruning
The purpose is to adjust the supply of water and nutrients, balance the tree potential, make it grow sturdily and flourish, and cut it into special trees according to the ornamental requirements. Generally, deciduous plants are carried out after defoliation in late autumn and before germination in the following year; Evergreen conifers are carried out in early autumn; Evergreen broad-leaved plants are carried out in spring; Trees with bleeding should avoid the bleeding period. After shaping, you should always trim and keep the tree shape. Tree species with obvious central trunk of main shaft should protect the growth advantage of central trunk. The flowering shrubs should be pruned according to the place where the flower buds are planted: if the flower buds are planted on the branches of that year, they can be pruned in winter; If the bud was planted on the branch last year, it should be cut short after flowering; Flower buds planted on perennial branches are generally not pruned except dense branches and semi-dead branches. Street trees require the height of branch points to be 2.5—3.5m, the main branches grow obliquely, and the drooping branches must be kept above 2.5m. In autumn, street trees should focus on pruning dead branches, pests and diseases, thin branches, cross branches and overlapping branches. In autumn, lawns are pruned according to the actual situation, and generally they are pruned less.
(1) natural hedge pruning
It is often used on green walls, high fences, barbed fences and flower fences. Green walls or high hedges planted for shelter mainly cover people's sight. Such hedges are naturally pruned, the height is properly controlled, the dead branches of diseases and pests are cut off, and the branches grow naturally and flourish, so as to improve the covering effect.
(2) the overall form of hedge pruning
The middle hedge and short hedge are often used to edge the green space and organize the direction of people flow. This hedge is low. In order to beautify and enrich the landscape, geometric patterns are often used for modeling and pruning, such as rectangular, trapezoidal and wavy hedge surfaces. Trim the plane and lateral branches to make the height consistent with the side, stimulate the lower lateral buds to sprout branches, and form a hedge with tight branches and leaves, which is neat and beautiful.
(3) Trimming the pattern belt
It is often used to trim large flower beds and green spaces in expressway interchange areas. Pattern trimming requires sharp edges, clear boundaries of plant varieties in all parts of the pattern, smooth width and transition of color bands and clear layers.
(4) Plant modeling pruning
Plants with strong resistance to germination and pruning, such as boxwood and cypress, are often used to make three-dimensional shapes such as birds and beasts, archways, pavilions and arches to decorate the landscape. In order to maintain its image and prevent randomly growing branches from destroying its shape, it should be trimmed several times a year. The requirements of modeling monasticism are: high consistency, uniformity, flat walls and sharp edges.
Third, fertilization.
Autumn is the season for garden plants to store nutrients, and autumn fertilization can ensure the overall growth of plants in the coming year. Appropriate organic fertilizer can also be applied in this season, which is beneficial to plant overwintering and plant nutrient storage.
Fourth, water.
1, windy in autumn, large water loss. According to the situation of garden plants, replenish water in time according to the principle of "don't dry it, pour it thoroughly".
2. For the area where grubs break out underground, water can be poured once in late autumn.
3. In areas with severe frost damage, it is advisable to irrigate antifreeze water as a whole in late autumn, and the amount of water should be about 5cm below the soil.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) weeding
Because there are many weeds and grow fast in autumn, in order to improve work efficiency, it is generally recommended to combine manual and chemical control to control the growth rate of weeds and prevent them from setting seeds.
Warm grass energy is used for sharp-leaved weeds in warm-season lawn; 2- methyl -4- chlorine+chlorfluazuron (fluroxypyr) should be used to control broad-leaved weeds in mixed lawn, and weeds and impurities should be removed in cool-season lawn. Maicaojing is used to eliminate pointed weeds in Ophiopogon japonicus and onion. White clover is used for white clover lawn weeds, mainly for controlling annual weeds, and has no effect on lignified weeds.
In short, weeding should follow a principle: early weeding, small weeding and weeding.
6. Taking East China as an example, the main diseases in autumn are root rot, anthracnose, leaf spot and black spot. If it is not prevented in time, it will bring more serious consequences to garden plants. Therefore, professional drugs should be selected for prevention and treatment according to different types of diseases.
Main disease control methods
1, remove the impregnation source. Collect diseased leaves and destroy them centrally to reduce the source of the disease.
2. Strengthen cultivation management, promote plant growth and improve disease resistance. Reasonable close planting, pay attention to ventilation and light transmission, reduce the humidity of leaves and reduce the incidence. Proper watering and timely drainage in rainy days.
3. Choose disease-resistant varieties to improve resistance.
4. Take chemical control measures.
7. Take East China as an example. The pests in autumn mainly include stinkbug insects, planthoppers, mites and other sucking pests, as well as leaf-eating pests such as Acacia, leaf roller moth, Spodoptera litura and Lepidoptera.
Main pest control methods
1, artificial control: larvae can be killed artificially during the damage period.
2. According to the strong phototaxis of adults, set up special lights to trap and kill adults.
3. Biological control. Parasitic bees can live in eggs.
4, according to the different types of pests, choose professional chemicals for prevention and control.