equipment and materials management is an important part of project management, a necessary guarantee for the normal development of project production and operation, and a cash inventory of the project. Equipment and materials management is not a simple material receiving and dispatching, but one of the management of project production factors. It is not only the management of physical objects, but also the management of value. Therefore, we should stand on the height of cash management and do a good job in equipment and materials management with the concepts of cost management and asset management.
Equipment and materials are bought with money, and the proper use of equipment and materials can be turned into money. Managing equipment and materials means dealing with money, which requires that personnel engaged in equipment and materials management should have high ideological quality, good professional ethics, abide by financial and economic discipline, be dedicated to the public and be honest. At the same time, enterprises and projects should also strengthen ideological education and strict supervision of equipment and materials management personnel, and establish strict internal control degree and related control mechanism.
equipment and material management is a science as well as financial management, human resource management and construction technology management. From planning, purchasing, using, recycling and reusing, and realizing the final residual value to quitting the production process, there are its own laws and strategies, and there are many specific tasks to be done in each link. If any link is not done well, it will directly affect the benefit of the project. Therefore, enterprises should strengthen the professional skills training of project equipment and materials management personnel, so as to promote the standardization, scientification and institutionalization of project equipment and materials management.
second, strengthen the management of materials and equipment, improve economic benefits
1. update the concept and do a good job in the management of equipment and materials.
(a) project equipment and materials management personnel should constantly strengthen their study and improve their ideological quality and professional ability, which is the guarantee for doing a good job in project equipment and materials management. Equipment and material management is dealing with money and things, which requires managers to study laws and regulations, the principles and policies of the party and the state, the management system of the company, and abide by financial discipline.
(II) Do a good job in equipment and materials management with the concept of factor guarantee
Equipment and materials are closely related to the production process, which requires managers to know the whole production and operation process of the project, contract documents, construction organization design, manufacturer's drawings and technical requirements, construction plan, etc., so as to know what is needed in the production process, how much and when. In order to do a good job of material guarantee for production and operation.
(III) Do a good job in equipment and materials management with the concept of cost management
Equipment and materials management is an important part of project cost management. The investment of equipment and materials will eventually form the project cost, and managing equipment and materials is one of the cost management of the project. Therefore, the equipment and materials management personnel of the project must understand the knowledge of cost management and be cost-conscious, and they should calculate before they do it, not after they do it.
(4) Do a good job in equipment and materials management with the concept of asset management
Equipment and materials are the assets of the project, and the purpose of asset investment is to make money, so as to maximize the economic benefits of each investment, thus achieving the purpose of project management.
2. Reasonably allocate resources to fully meet the needs of project production and operation
(1) Carefully prepare equipment and materials plans, including equipment and materials demand plans and materials procurement plans, and strive to be active and reliable, save resources, reduce project costs and improve the economic benefits of the project. The preparation of equipment and material plan is a systematic process, which requires rich knowledge and experience and a comprehensive understanding of the whole process of project production.
(2) comprehensive balance. The balance between planning and inventory materials, planning and market supply, etc., should strengthen communication with the company's equipment and materials management department, and try to adjust as much as possible to avoid repeated procurement, resulting in idleness and waste.
(3) Conduct market research and organize material supply. What is needed for the project construction, whether it can be bought in the local market, how is its cost performance ratio, whether it is cost-effective to buy or rent, whether to buy locally or put forward a plan to the company's material management department, and the company will concentrate on bidding and purchasing and supply uniformly, which should be based on saving resources and reducing costs.
(4) Do a good job in measuring materials, keep abreast of the inventory situation, and provide timely and accurate information.
3. Do a good job in the configuration scheme of materials, equipment and other links
First, make the configuration scheme of equipment and materials and determine the suppliers. In order to make an accurate procurement plan for equipment and materials, and select an ideal supplier, the engineering headquarters should make a comprehensive understanding of the social environment, geographical location, supply price, supply capacity, transportation and other conditions of the equipment and materials suppliers in the vicinity of the construction site, and also actively contact with the selected equipment and materials manufacturers extensively to find out the basic situation of the products supplied by the manufacturers, especially the procurement of equipment. On the basis of mastering the basic situation and equipment performance of each manufacturer, the engineering headquarters actively invites manufacturers to make equipment configuration plans, and selects suppliers on the premise of analyzing and comparing the performance and technical parameters of each manufacturer's products. This provides the main basis for accurately evaluating the suppliers of materials and equipment, and also provides a clear idea for the bidding procedures and specific methods formulated and implemented in the next public bidding and purchasing process.
secondly, determine the bidding procurement quantity. According to the engineering design, combined with the actual situation at the site, the engineering headquarters works out the equipment and materials procurement plan in the early stage of construction according to the requirements of engineering construction, in line with the principle of urgency before delay, that is, the equipment and materials are urgently needed and purchased first, and rationally allocated, as the quantitative basis for bidding procurement.
finally, the manufacturer reviews, formulates rules and sells the bidding documents. It is the key to make a strict evaluation system for bidding suppliers of equipment and materials. In the evaluation, the engineering headquarters mainly comprehensively evaluates the quality, performance, quotation, supply capacity, after-sales service, social reputation and preferential conditions of the products of the bidders. At the same time, it formulates evaluation rules according to different types and varieties of purchased materials and equipment, and formulates different evaluation standards for different products, such as increasing the score share of equipment performance and after-sales service and the quality score share of waterproof materials and concrete admixtures. Determine the bidder through evaluation; Through the formulation of rules, the bidding work is focused and the goal is clear. In order to select cheap materials and excellent mechanical equipment, the engineering headquarters issued invitations to bid to qualified bidders in strict accordance with standards and scoring rules. Due to the solid work and extensive contacts of the leading group for bidding, the bidding work has been carried out vividly.
4. Strengthen the material management in the process of project construction, and effectively control the project cost
(1) Make full and reasonable use of the corner materials at the site, so as to minimize the material consumption rate. If the steel has a loss of 3% according to the current quota, this part of the steel can be used for the production of brackets and other parts.
(2) Strengthen the management of materials stacking on the construction site, and timely supervise the safety and cleanliness of materials stacked on the site, and the treatment and reuse of waste materials. Construction materials need to be specially supervised and managed at the site to prevent building materials from being scattered everywhere, causing waste and theft. All kinds of waste materials on the site after completion should be recovered and reused. Such as all kinds of steel bars, turnover materials, etc., in addition to classifying the specifications and models, we should also pay attention to the material number to facilitate reuse.
(3) advocating new technology and new equipment is the main way to reduce the consumption of materials in the construction process. The rational use of building profiles and plates, the improvement of technological level and the adoption of new equipment can greatly improve the utilization rate of materials and reduce the technological loss of materials. According to the site conditions, centralized processing of materials is implemented to reduce the technological loss in the processing process and strengthen the maintenance of turnover materials and low-value consumable materials; Make the best use of the materials. The specifications of the formwork should be standardized, the production should be factory-made, and steel formwork should be used instead of wood formwork to prolong its service life and improve its efficiency; Actively carry out the comprehensive utilization of materials and materials, repair the old and recycle the waste, and rationally use substitute materials on the premise of ensuring the quality of the project.
5. tap the resource potential and improve the use efficiency
for any project, the proportion of material cost and machinery use fee is relatively large. for example, for a project of 1 million yuan, the proportion of material cost and machinery use fee is 2% to 3%, and for metal structure security, the proportion is 5% to 6%, or even higher.
6. Do a good job of information feedback.
We know that a lot of useful information will be formed in the process of planning, market research, purchasing and storage of equipment and materials. How to collect, sort out, analyze and utilize this information well and provide a reference basis for project management decisions is an important task of project equipment and materials management.