2. 6 parts of fertile ripe soil, 2 parts of river sand, decomposed sheep manure 1 part, and fermented water chestnut fertilizer 1 part, evenly mixed in proportion, and sieved.
3. 5 parts of compost soil, 2.5 parts of garden soil and 2.5 parts of sandy soil, and then 0.5 ~ 1 kg of 25% Krypton-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is added per cubic meter and mixed evenly.
4. Garden soil 4 parts, humus soil 3 parts, rotary tillage soil 2 parts, plant ash 1 part, fully and evenly mixed, rolled and sieved.
5. When potted, select seedlings with strong plants, full buds and no pests and diseases, and plant them in pots before germination in spring. Before planting, trim the roots, cut off the necrotic roots and smooth the injured lateral roots. If the lateral roots are too long, cut them short and grow fibrous roots. Try to keep the useful fibrous roots. Cut off the excess fibrous roots by about 20 cm, and soak them in 5-degree sulfur mixture for disinfection. When planting, put a few broken tiles on the selected pit at the bottom of the basin, spread a layer of coarse sand, add some nutrient soil, put seedlings, put the roots evenly, then add enough nutrient soil for compaction, pour enough water and cover with plastic film.
6. Fertilizer and water management. Because the root growth of potted fruit trees is limited, the nutrients absorbed are far from meeting the growth needs of fruit trees, so special attention should be paid to fertilizer and water management. Fertilization should be based on organic fertilizer, supplemented by quick-acting fertilizer, based on the principle of less application and multiple times, combined with topdressing outside the roots. Generally, diluted organic fertilizer solution is applied every 7 ~ 10 days in the growth period, and urea solution and organic fertilizer solution can be applied alternately for 2 ~ 3 times in the early stage. For the last fertilization in September, a small amount of compound fertilizer of nitrogen and potassium can be applied in the basin soil, and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.3% urea can be applied after the roots to ensure nutrient supply. Potted fruit trees should maintain a certain humidity during the growth period, and should be watered in time after drying, but not too wet. Water once in the morning and evening in summer and once every other day in autumn. Water should be strictly controlled during dormancy so that the soil in the basin is not too dry.
7. Canopy shaping and tree selection: Potted fruit trees can exert their rich imagination according to their personal hobbies and the growth characteristics of planted tree species, and can be shaped into natural round heads, towers, double-branched antlers, single-branched cliffs, weeping willows and dragon bends. It is beneficial to fruits and has aesthetic ornamental value.
8. Crown control pruning: Crown control technology plays a key role in the success or failure of fruit tree bonsai cultivation. Through the organic combination of dwarfing intermediate stock and short branch varieties, the crown can be controlled by applying early fruiting and flower promotion techniques such as ring cutting, bud smearing, core removal and branch pulling. , you can increase the load and retraction appropriately. Chemical control technology can also be used to dwarf trees, and plant growth inhibitors such as chlormequat chloride, PBO and paclobutrazol can be sprayed on leaves for 2-3 times during the growth period to make branches stout, internodes short and plants dwarf.
9. Flower and fruit management. Most fruit trees are characterized by self-pollination or low self-pollination rate. Grafting pollinated branches, artificial pollination and spraying boron at flowering stage can improve fruit setting rate. For bonsai with large flower buds and many fruit sets, strict flower thinning and fruit thinning should be carried out. In order to improve the fruit quality and ornamental value of potted fruit trees, fruit bagging can be carried out, and words and decals can be attached before the fruit matures 15 ~ 30 days.
10, pest control, potted fruit trees have fine management, good ventilation and light transmission, vigorous growth and fewer pests and diseases. In prevention and control, we should adhere to the principle of "prevention first, combination of prevention and control, physical prevention first, supplemented by chemical prevention". Once pests and diseases occur, it is necessary to remove diseased branches, fruits and leaves in time, scrape off diseased spots and artificially catch pests. When serious pests and diseases occur, you can choose to spray 800 times solution of 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder or 500 times solution of 65% zineb wettable powder to prevent diseases. Use aphid 2.5% 1800 times solution and white mite 20%/2000 times solution to control aphids, red spiders and other pests.