(1) First year winter scissors
For the determined main branch, when its growth potential is strong, cut off the branch length of 1/3; When the growth potential is weak, cut off the branch length of 1/2. Take normal seedlings as an example. Generally, the cutting length is 50 ~ 60 cm, and the cutting buds are left outside. Stay on both sides for the second and third years. The central branch and the extension branch are cut off for 50 ~ 60 cm to extend upwards.
(2) Cutting in the winter of the next year
Leave a 50-60 cm short section for the central leadership. The cut bud stays on the windward side, and the third cut bud stays at the position of the main branch on the third floor. If the tree grows strong, you can leave the second layer of main branches. The main branch of the second layer should be staggered with the main branch of the first layer, the included angle between the main branch and the second layer is 40 ~ 50, and the cutting length of the main branch of the second layer is 40 ~ 50 cm.
The extension branch of the main branch in the first layer is cut off about 50 cm, and a strong oblique branch is selected as the first side branch at a distance of 50 ~ 60 cm from the main branch, and the included angle between the side branch and the main branch is 40 ~ 50, and it inclines outward. The length of the lateral branches is 30 ~ 40 cm. Other branches serve as auxiliary branches.
(3) Cutting in winter in the third year
The central main branch is left with a short section of 60 ~ 70 cm, and the cutting position is opposite to that of last year. On the first layer of main branches, select the second side branch 40 cm away from the first side branch, and cut off the extended branches of each main branch by about 50 cm, so that the cut buds of the first layer of main branches remain in the position of the third layer of main branches. If no lateral branches are cultivated in summer pruning, the second lateral branch should be selected in winter pruning. The specific method is the same as the second year's winter shearing.
When cutting in winter, the fruiting branches should be gradually increased or decreased. In the process of cultivation, the methods of short cutting and sparse density are adopted to promote the growth of branches, expand the branch group, leave more fruiting branches and make the fruiting branches close. When arranging fruiting branches, don't arrange two big and strong fruiting branches on the same branch. Otherwise, it is easy to become "neck blockage", which slows down the growth of main and lateral branches and hinders the expansion of crown.
(4) Cutting in winter in the fourth year
The central leadership left 60 ~ 70cm short cut, the third cut bud was left in the position of the fourth main branch, and each main branch was left with 50cm cut. The third bud under the incision of the third layer main branch is left in the position of the culture side branch. This year's winter scissors and the following winter and summer scissors are the same as last year, which can be implemented by reference.
After planting for 4 years, the main purpose of shaping is to maintain the pruning of standard trees, and adjust the spacing of fruiting branches and the spacing and density of branches in the group to facilitate ventilation and light transmission.