1, cut short: cut the branches short. Its main function is to promote branches to grow new shoots and increase the number of branches, thus ensuring the healthy and normal fruit of trees. Short cutting is often used for pruning backbone branches, cultivating fruiting branches and locally renewing and rejuvenating trees.

1. 1 category

According to its length, the short section can be divided into:

(1) Shortcut: Shortcut in the middle of annual branches. After cutting, the sprouted top branches grew vigorously, while the lower branches grew weakly.

(2) Heavy and short cutting: 2/3 of annual branches are cut off. The sprouted branches are stronger after pruning, which are generally used to prune main lateral branches and long fruit branches.

(3) Re-cutting: cutting off 3/4-4/5 of the annual branches. Germinated branches grow vigorously after cutting, and are often used to prune developing branches as extension branches, long fruit branches and intermediate fruit branches.

(4) Leave 2 buds at the base, that is, leave 2-3 buds. Sprouts are full of vitality after cutting, and are often used for pruning preparatory branches.

1.2 Pay attention to the problem

Take shortcuts to pay attention to three aspects:

(1) plumpness of buds at the incision: Make sure that the buds at the incision are full, so that the new branches can grow sturdily.

(2) Cut-off length: The cut-off length shall be subject to the above-mentioned cutting principle, depending on the specific situation.

(3) The number of buds on the cutting branch: generally, one branch leaves about 10- 12 buds, and the ratio of flower buds to leaf buds is controlled at about 1: 2.

2. Dewatering: Dewatering is also a common method for pruning peach trees in winter. Thinning is a pruning method of cutting branches from the base. During the growth of peach trees, there will inevitably be some long branches, cross branches, pests and diseases, competitive branches and dead branches, which should be cut off in time. Let's take a look at the characteristics of several branches mentioned above:

(1) Eternal branches: Eternal branches refer to branches with thick branches and long internodes, and the branch length is often more than 1 meter. In the process of shaping young trees, long branches must be pulled out as soon as possible, but after the backbone branches are damaged, gaps appear in the crown or the trees are aging, long branches should be fully used to fill the gaps, or backbone branches and big fruit branches should be cultivated.

(2) Cross branches: they are chaotic branches inside the tree holes. These overlapping, messy and useless branches should be removed decisively.

(3) Pest branches: it is easy to understand, that is, the treetops harmed by pests and diseases. It should be cleaned and cut off as soon as possible to avoid infecting more branches and causing serious losses.

(4) Competitive branch: As the name implies, it is a branch that competes with the main branch for nutrition. Retaining competitive branches is not conducive to the growth of main branches and should be cut off in time.

(5) Dead branches: Dead branches should be cleaned up in time when found.

These branches will have a bad effect on the growth and yield of peach trees in the coming year, so these useless branches should be cut off in time when pruning in winter. This can not only reduce the nutrient consumption of useless branches, promote the growth of new shoots, but also make the distribution of branches uniform and reasonable, and improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions.

3. Retraction: it is a short cut of perennial branches. Generally used for pruning auxiliary branches and fruiting branches, which can play a role in regulating their growth. The difference between retraction and truncation lies in the position of the incision. The reaction intensity of general 1 year-old branches is determined by the fullness of cutting buds, while the reaction intensity after retraction is determined by the strength of cutting branches: if cutting branches keep strong and vigorous branches, the growth potential after cutting is strong, which is conducive to the renewal and restoration of tree potential; If there are weak branches in pruning, the growth potential is weak; Cuttings grow moderately, which promotes the increase of branchlets after cutting, and can not only grow but also bear fruit. Retraction can improve the illumination of the crown, renew the crown, reduce the fruiting position, and adjust the opening angle of the elongated branches, thus controlling the development of plant type or branch group, enriching the fruit chamber and prolonging the fruiting life.

The winter pruning method of peach trees ends here. According to the growth characteristics of plants, thinning will inhibit the growth of the upper part of the wound and promote the growth of the lower part of the wound, thus reducing the fruiting part.