1. Social environment:

The novel "Medicine" was written on April 25, 1919. On the eve of the May 4th Movement, due to the compromise between the bourgeoisie that led the Revolution of 1911 and feudal forces and imperialism, they failed to complete the anti-imperialist and anti-feudal revolutionary tasks. They separated from the masses and relied on the power of a small number of people (including the use of terror methods). ) to replace the revolutionary movement of the masses.

On July 6, 1907, Xu Xilin attempted to assassinate Enming, the governor of Anhui Province. After the failure, Enming's soldiers brutally dug out his heart and fried him. Qiu Jin was also accused and imprisoned, and died heroically in Xuantingkou, Shaoxing on July 15. Mr. Lu Xun took this as a background, aiming to "expose the pain of illness and attract attention to cure", so he wrote "Medicine".

2. Natural environment:

First of all, look at the work itself. The bright line of the work is also the main line, which prominently depicts the ignorance and numbness of the masses. The protagonist Hua Laoshuan foolishly believes that human blood steamed buns can cure tuberculosis, and actually lets his children take the blood of revolutionaries as "medicine". He is so indifferent to revolutionaries, but respectful to the executioner, Uncle Kang.

A group of people in the teahouse were "angry" at the revolutionaries' propaganda of revolution; they gloated about the revolutionaries being beaten by the prison boss; they lamented that the revolutionaries were unaware of the prison boss's lack of awareness, and they all said "crazy". . Revolutionaries were killed, and people turned out "like a flood" to watch the fun. All these fully demonstrate that the masses are unaware and insensitive.

Excerpts from the original text:

In the second half of the night in autumn, the moon went down and the sun had not yet risen, leaving only a dark blue sky; except for the things that wandered at night, everyone fell asleep. . Hua Laoshuan suddenly sat up, struck a match, and lit the greasy lamp. The two rooms of the teahouse were filled with bluish-white light.

"Xiao Shuan's dad, are you going to go?" It was an old woman's voice. There was also a cough in the small room inside. "Hmm." Lao Shuan listened, responded, buttoned up his clothes, stretched out his hand and said, "Give it to me."

Aunt Hua dug under the pillow for a long time, took out a bag of foreign money, and handed it to Lao Shuan. Lao Shuan took it, shakily put it in his pocket, pressed it twice more, and then ordered it. I blew out the lantern and went to the inner room. Inside the room, there was a rustling sound, followed by a cough. Lao Shuan waited for him to calm down before calling out in a low voice, "Xiao Shuan... don't get up. ... Shop? Your mother will make arrangements."

Lao Shuan also looked over there, but all he saw was a bunch of people's backs; their necks were all stretched out, like many ducks, held up by invisible hands and lifted upwards. After a while of silence, there seemed to be some noise, and then it started to waver again. With a bang, they all retreated; they dispersed until they reached where Lao Chuan was standing, almost squeezing him down.

"Hey! Pay with one hand and deliver with the other!" A man covered in black stood in front of Lao Shuan, his eyes were like two knives, which made Lao Shuan shrink in half. The man had a big hand spread out towards him; in the other hand, he was holding a bright red steamed bun, and the red was still dripping down bit by bit.

Lao Shuan hurriedly took out the foreign money and wanted to hand it to him tremblingly, but he didn't dare to pick it up. The man became anxious and shouted, "What are you afraid of? Why don't you take it!" Lao Shuan was still hesitant; the black man grabbed the lantern, pulled off the paper cover, wrapped the steamed buns, and stuffed them with Lao Shuan; He grabbed the foreign money, squeezed it, and turned around. He hummed and said, "This old guy..."

This article comes from the modern expansion of Lu Xun's "Medicine"

Writing background:

"Medicine" " is a novel written by Lu Xun, the founder of modern Chinese literature. This novel reveals the numbness and ignorance caused by long-term feudal rule to the people through the story of the teahouse owner Hua Laoshuan and his wife buying human blood steamed buns for their son Xiaoshuan to treat his illness. It also secretly praises the heroic and unyielding spirit of the revolutionary Xia Yu and points out that This explains the limitations of the Revolution of 1911 that failed to get close to the masses.

In terms of the structural arrangement of the work, the bright line is that Hua Laoshuan and his wife treat their son, and the revolutionary Xia Yu is killed by the warlord as the dark line. The two lines are intertwined and the conception is exquisite; in terms of character portrayal, he is good at using The line drawing technique expresses the psychology and personality of the characters with vivid images and superb skills.

Mr. Lu Xun's "Medicine" was written on April 25, 1919. It was unscripted during the "May 4th Movement" and published in the fifth volume of the six volumes of "New Youth" in May 1919. Judging from the subject matter dealt with in the work, the era of the characters in the work is before and after the Revolution of 1911, that is, when martyr Qiu Jin, one of the pioneers of the Chinese democratic revolutionary movement, was martyred in 1907, four years after the martyr Qiu Jin was martyred. In 1911, the Revolution of 1911 broke out.

About the author:

Lu Xun (1881-1936), a modern Chinese writer, thinker, revolutionary and educator, is the founder of modern Chinese literature. A native of Shaoxing, Zhejiang. His original name was Zhou Zhangshou and Zhou Shuren, with the courtesy names of Yushan, Yuting, Yucai and Bingchen. From the time he published his first vernacular novel "A Madman's Diary" in May 1918, he began to use "Lu Xun" as his pen name. In addition to Lu Xun, there are also pen names such as Deng Jiang, Tang Qi, Deng Dangshi, and Xiaojiao. His works are mainly novels and essays.