Construction background
The new development strategy of the British navy requires the Type 45 destroyer to become an "all-round warrior"? Since the establishment of 1546, the British navy has been regarded as the most important service in the national armed forces. /kloc-from the end of the 8th century to the beginning of the 20th century, the British navy was invincible in the world's three oceans with overwhelming surface warship power, which made great contributions to the establishment of the British empire with a colonial area 150 times larger than that of the mainland. ? After World War II, the weakened British navy began to decline. With the end of the Cold War, the British Navy constantly adjusted its development strategy to meet the needs of the new national security strategy. ? Major General Allen Mays, Assistant Chief of Staff of the British Navy, recently revealed the new strategy for the development of the British Navy: "In order to make the British Navy keep up with the pace of modernization and enable the Navy to participate in combat operations to a greater extent, we have decided to establish a multifunctional maritime military force to support the land combat operations of the British Army and Air Force. This is the development direction of our British navy in the next 20 years. " ? At present, the British navy is still the third largest navy in the world after the United States and Russia in terms of scale and combat effectiveness. At present, no country in the world can pose a threat to Britain at sea. On the contrary, British soldiers are constantly involved in various conflicts on land. Therefore, the British navy executives believe that Britain has no strength and no need to rebuild a traditional navy, but needs a powerful, applicable and modern navy that can safeguard British interests. The "Global Fleet" battle group composed of a new maritime combat platform is powerful, and its delivery ability, maneuverability and assault ability can effectively cooperate with the army to deal with the increasing uncertain threats on land. The British navy should be consistent with the reform of the US navy, "serve joint operations" and strengthen its land combat capability. Obviously, the development strategy of the British navy to establish a "multi-purpose maritime military force" has made the Type 45 destroyer bear the heavy responsibility of an "all-round warrior".
Basic parameter
Captain: 152.4m?
Ship width: 2 1.2m?
Draft: 7.4 meters?
Standard displacement: 7,700 tons?
Full load displacement: 8,700 tons?
Total power: 120000 horsepower?
Speed: 29 knots?
Endurance: 7000 nautical miles (18 knots)?
Establishment of the whole ship: 190 persons (maximum 235 persons)
design concept
During the war between Britain and Oman, Argentine warplanes hit the type 42 destroyer of the British Navy with flying fish missiles. The British navy found the problem of weak air defense of the fleet, and began to seek new destroyers that could cope with the threat of anti-ship missiles and air fighters flying over the sea after the war. When the plan to build Type 43 and Type 44 destroyers in cooperation with France, Italy and other countries died, Britain developed Type 45 destroyers by itself. The original intention of the British destroyer Type 45 was to provide maritime air defense for the "global fleet". The Type 45 destroyer has a full displacement of 8,000 tons, a designed maximum speed of over 27 knots and a range of over 7,000 nautical miles. ? However, with the change of British maritime strategy, the British army deeply felt that the original design goal of the Type 45 destroyer could not meet the needs of the new change of naval operational thinking and must be improved. The British Navy plans to build a "global fleet" 20 10 years ago, so six Type 45 destroyers ordered at a cost of 6.6 billion US dollars will be built one after another before the end of 2009. Type 45 destroyer is the main warship of British "Global Fleet". It has a strong regional air defense capability, and the medium-range air defense missile Astor 30 has a high hit rate. Its shipborne combat system can command the ship to a certain extent, but it lacks other capabilities. The improved Type 45 has strengthened the offshore combat capability, land depth strike capability, anti-ship and anti-submarine capability.
Naval gun design
According to the original design, the first type 45 "Brave" ground attack weapon has only one 1 14 mm naval gun, and its firepower is obviously insufficient. Will the British Navy upgrade its naval guns from the 4th Dragon, or will it adopt MK45 made in the United States? 127mm new generation stealth naval gun, launching EX- 17 1? Rocket extended-range guided projectile, maximum range117 km; It is also possible to use the ship-borne British system AS90 Braveheart 155mm howitzer, which will become the largest caliber naval gun in the world.
cruise missile
In terms of deep attack on land, the newly built Type 45 destroyer will adopt the American MK4 1 vertical launch system, and be equipped with tactical Tomahawk cruise missiles, standard 2 extended-range missiles and standard 3A theater defense missiles. "Tactical Tomahawk" has a maximum range of 3,000 kilometers and is the most powerful land attack weapon of Type 45. Equipped with tactical Tomahawk cruise missiles, the British Type 45 destroyer cruising in the Red Sea has the ability to strike targets in the hinterland of Iran.
Anti-submarine capability
In addition, the British navy also plans to strengthen the anti-submarine capability of the Type 45 destroyer. The first three destroyers of Type 45 are equipped with the newly developed EH- 10 1 "Meilin" multi-purpose ship-borne helicopter. The operational radius is 100~200 nautical miles, but it can't launch "Aslock" anti-submarine missiles, and its anti-submarine capability is somewhat insufficient. However, after the last three destroyers (Dragon, Defender and Duncan) were equipped with MK4 1 vertical missile launching system, they were equipped with Aslock anti-submarine missiles. According to British naval officials, the improved Type 45 destroyer can be used as one of the main members of the British "global fleet" in the future, or it can be used alone. The main battle air defense missile system equipped with Type 45 destroyer has strong air defense capability, which can support joint expeditionary forces fighting in coastal and inland areas, and also provide regional, local and point defense capabilities. As a combat platform that may be used alone, Type 45 destroyer has all-round combat capability of air defense, anti-ship, anti-submarine and land attack.
Construction conditions
As a new generation of main destroyers of the Royal Navy, the British Navy booked six ships and completed two. ?
Ship number? Name of ship, commencement date? Launch date, service date?
D32 March 28th, 2003 February, 2006 1? July 23, 2009?
D33 August 26th, 2004? 200765438+123 October? 20 10 June 3rd?
D34 diamond? March 25, 2005? 2? 007165438+1October 27th? Estimated year 20 1 1?
D35 Dragon 65438+February 2005 19,165438+1October17,20/year?
D36Defender？ July 3, 20061? 10, 2009, 2 1, 20 12?
D37 Duncan (Duncan) 200765438+1October 26th? 20 10, 10, 1 1, estimated 20 13.