I. Description:
1. Common orbital operations include tumor resection, enucleation and orbital reconstruction.
2. At present, enucleation is widely used in two ways:
(1) Total enucleation of eyeball: it refers to the removal of the whole eyeball and the replacement of a silicon artificial eyeball, which is suitable for patients with blindness and pain caused by the degeneration of the whole eyeball caused by malignant tumor and any injury.
(2) Eyeball content enucleation: It refers to the removal of eyeball content and preservation of sclera, which is mostly used for patients with endophthalmitis, with the advantages of relieving pain and maintaining a good appearance.
3. Orbital surgery requires general anesthesia. Local anesthesia can be used for enucleation, and general anesthesia can be used if unconsciousness or other trauma occurs.
2. Preoperative preparation:
1. Complete blood routine, electrocardiogram, chest X-ray, etc. If you have fever, blood sugar, high blood pressure or abnormal heart, lung and kidney function, you must correct it before you can undergo surgery.
2. Fill in the consent form for operation and anesthesia.
3. Wash your hair, shave (male) and take a bath the day before the operation.
4. Diet: The local anesthesiologist eats three meals as usual, and the general anesthesiologist fasted for 8 hours before operation.
5. Shorten eyelashes (eye socket tumor surgery can be avoided).
6. Before anesthesia, receive medication according to the doctor's advice.
3. After the operation:
1. After the operation, the affected eye was bandaged and pressed with gauze, and ice was applied for 6-8 hours to reduce swelling, relieve pain and stop bleeding.
3-4 days after operation, the doctor takes off the gauze bandage, covers the eye pad and starts to use eye drops.
There are no restrictions on activities and diet.
4. Between the upper and lower eyelids after operation, a hard fixing piece will be placed in front of the orbit to keep the proper shape of the eye socket, so as to facilitate the installation of artificial eyes in the future. Conjunctival wound healing usually takes 3 ~ 4 weeks. Once the chess piece slips, you should report it to the doctor or nurse immediately and press it again for you.
5. Leave the hospital five to seven days after enucleation and continue to use eye pads for two weeks. Wound sutures will dissolve and absorb by themselves without removal.
6. Take out stitches 5-6 days after orbital tumor operation.
7. Clean the outer eyelid with sterile cotton fiber or paper towel every day after discharge, remove excessive secretions and exudates, and keep the eye pad clean.
8. Avoid rubbing or colliding with the affected eye within two weeks after operation to prevent sewage from splashing into the eye and causing infection.
9. The visual field of unilateral enucleation becomes smaller, and it is necessary to increase the head activity to see the image of the affected side clearly.
10. Monocular vision will lose its stereoscopic effect, resulting in wrong judgment of object distance. Therefore, in daily activities such as going up and down stairs and pouring hot water, you should be especially careful to prevent accidents.
1 1. Continue to use antibiotics and steroid eye drops for 2 ~ 4 weeks according to the doctor's advice, and learn the correct use of eye drops.
12. 1 After February, after the wound is completely healed, the artificial eye can be installed according to the doctor's advice.
13. If the eyes are red and swollen, painful or have purulent secretions, fever, stiff head, etc. You should come to the hospital immediately to prevent infection, abscess or meningitis. 、
14. Go back to the hospital regularly for reexamination to prevent the implanted artificial silicon ball from being eroded.