Hello, I am an orthodontic specialist (welcome to my space "Orthodontic Blog" for further consultation). I understand the situation you described very clearly. My reply is as follows:
1. The gums should wait until the obvious inflammation subsides or is relieved before orthodontic treatment. First find the cause of gum inflammation (such as dental calculus or excessive tartar, whether teeth cleaning before orthodontics is needed).
The "exposed white colloid" is the adhesive. Originally, the doctor should remove the excess adhesive squeezed on the edge of the bracket. Your doctor may have missed this task. These adhesives are harmless to the human body, so don’t worry.
2. It is particularly painful in the first few days. The degree of pain reaction varies according to each person's body constitution. From mild to severe pain, it is within the normal range and is only a transitional period. It will pass. Just be patient for a few more days and you'll get through it. I have to eat liquids these days, thank you for your hard work. I have personally tried wearing braces. It was quite painful for the first few days after I put them on and for the day or two after each follow-up visit. Even the bristles of the toothbrush would cause obvious pain when they touched them. I understand your point very well. The feeling, trust me, will gradually lessen in a few days, and then you will get used to it.
3. Charges vary from place to place.
4. Extraction of the front teeth is rare and can easily lead to midline deviation of the upper incisors, facial asymmetry (collapse due to tooth extraction), and difficulty in adjusting the bite. Generally speaking, there are many disadvantages to extracting front teeth, so it is generally not used.
5. When your dentist uses cutting pliers to cut off the excess wire, the pliers have a function that can hold the cut end of the wire, so the small section of steel wire that is cut should be cut by the pliers. Clamp it and take it out of your mouth. There is also a feeling of pricking the mouth, which may be because the wire is not cut sufficiently, and there may be a few excess and long wires sticking out, causing the mucous membrane to be pricked and painful. You can go to the doctor to deal with it. Before the doctor treats it for you, temporarily put some cotton on it to relieve the irritation.
Adult correction is not easy. I understand you very well, but the price you pay will be rewarded. I hope you will persevere to the end.
If you have any questions, you can ask in my space. My space is a dedicated orthodontic blog to help netizens answer their questions.