1933 came to Peking Union Medical College Hospital. I started my internship there and was soon selected as a graduate student in surgery because of my excellent grades. Between the ages of 36 and 38, he served as an assistant resident, rotating between general surgery, urology and oncology. 1938 At the end of June, he became the chief resident. During this period, Wu Bocai learned from others' strengths, and after becoming the chief surgeon, he was able to complete a number of major operations. At the age of 30, he completed the first esophageal cancer resection and intrathoracic esophagogastrostomy in China, ending the history that Dr. China could not perform esophageal cancer surgery. At that time, the operation should have been done by an American expert, Loux, who was the chief surgeon, because Loux was ill and was temporary.
Decided to let him play. After the successful operation, Wu called himself "the good luck of a novice". In fact, this kind of "good luck" was created through his own efforts.
194 1 year, Wu Yingkai came to Barnes Hospital of Washington University for further study. He originally went to study plastic surgery, but less than three months later, due to the personnel changes of Concord, he transferred to thoracic surgery led by Professor Graham, a world-famous surgical authority. This change makes Wu Yingkai very happy because chest surgery is his interest. During her further study in Barnes Hospital, Wu Yingkai spent most of her time outside of work in the library. At that time, Professor Graham was also trying to do esophageal cancer resection, but there were no survivors. However, Wu Yingkai once had such an operation as 1 1, and the lives of six patients were prolonged for a long time, which made Professor Graham appreciate it very much. During this period, he applied the surgical techniques learned from Union Medical College and the plastic surgery dressing method learned from Barnes Hospital to thoracoplasty, improved aseptic operation, and achieved 120 cases without suppurative infection. In the 1940s, it was a great achievement, and his American colleagues all looked at him with new eyes.
During the period of 1943, Wu Yingkai, who had lived abroad for a long time, was deeply disturbed. He is eager to return to China to participate in the anti-Japanese cause. He said to Professor Graham, who warmly retained him, "I appreciate your kindness, but when my country was invaded by other countries, people like me were badly needed at home;" How can I live abroad for a long time? " In August this year, Wu Yingkai set off for home, bringing back paper brochures presented to him by many famous experts, as well as medical equipment and surgical instruments purchased by the American Association for Aid to China at a cost of $65,438+0,500 yuan.
During the voyage, there was such an episode: an American on board pointed to them and said, "Without the support of the United States, China will soon be wiped out by the Japanese." Wu Yingkai retorted angrily on the spot: "Thank you Americans, you'd better protect Pearl Harbor. China people will save China themselves and don't want other people's gifts. " He still remembers this scene years later.
After the Anti-Japanese War, Wu Yingkai returned to the north. From 65438 to 0946, thoracic surgery was established in Tianjin Central Hospital, and the first resection of chronic pericarditis in China was completed. 1May, 948, Wu Yingkai returned to Concord. In May1year, Sheikh was taken over by the new China government, and Wu Yingkai became the first and youngest surgical director from China in Sheikh Hospital. Wu Yingkai founded three hospitals in his life: PLA Chest Hospital, Fuwai Hospital and anzhen hospital.
From 65438 to 0956, Wu Yingkai presided over the establishment of the whole army, which was also the first chest hospital in China. After half a year, the hospital's restructuring and construction basically took shape. 1In August, 958, the Chest Hospital was transferred to China Academy of Medical Sciences, which was transformed from Union Medical College, and merged with a hospital in preparation to form Fuwai Hospital, with Wu Yingkai as the dean. During his work in Fuwai Hospital, Wu Yingkai organized collaboration on esophageal cancer research in Beijing, Hebei, Henan, Shandong and Shanxi provinces. Wu Xia, a researcher in the Department of Pathology of Fuwai Hospital who went to various places with him for general survey and treatment, talked about the situation at that time.
1959, 1964 and 1979, Wu Laosan visited the high incidence area of esophageal cancer in Linxian County, Henan Province for three times, and found that local residents like spicy food, hard food and lack of vitamins. On the basis of these investigations, Wu Yingkai put forward a plan to prevent esophageal cancer. At the grassroots level, he also led medical staff to actively carry out general surveys and operations, which gave many early patients a chance to continue their lives. Locals often say, "If Wu Diwen wasn't wearing a Chinese tunic suit, we don't know how much pain we would have suffered."
Through long-term practice and cooperation among four provinces and one city, the natural history, epidemic characteristics and pathogenesis of esophageal cancer were preliminarily expounded. On this basis, he put forward the concept of pathological classification of esophageal cancer according to the clinical manifestations and X-ray diagnosis characteristics, and then put forward the four-stage classification and multi-source pathological theory, which are also innovative in the world, greatly promoting the scientific research work of esophageal cancer prevention and treatment, and making the prevention and treatment of esophageal cancer in China reach the international leading level. The cooperative group of esophageal cancer prevention and treatment in four provinces and one city not only promoted and promoted the research on esophageal cancer treatment in China, but also accumulated experience for scientific research cooperation in many provinces and cities.
Anzhen hospital was the last hospital founded by Wu Yingkai in his life, and he devoted most of his efforts to it. At present, An Zhen has made outstanding achievements in cardiothoracic surgery, cardiovascular epidemiology and population prevention and treatment research. Wu Yingkai's evaluation of anzhen hospital, which he personally founded, is: "The system is advanced, the environment is beautiful, the equipment is excellent, the personnel are strong, the results are beginning to show, and it needs to be developed". However, at the beginning of the hospital construction, Wu Yingkai only got a piece of approval for "building area1.200m2". One can imagine how difficult it is for an old man in his seventies to build a hospital on such a poor basis.
At the end of the Cultural Revolution, Wu Yingkai was past the age of hearing, and he could no longer go on the operating table. However, his strong dedication and sensitivity to the development of medical science prompted him to start the career of cardiovascular epidemiology and population prevention in China, and called it his "second major".
1982, Wu Yingkai led a group of experts and organized a leading professional team to monitor the global cardiovascular diseases with a population of 730,000 in six districts of Beijing and 5.5 million in 16 provinces, cities and autonomous regions, and obtained a lot of data on the incidence, mortality and risk factors of cardiovascular diseases in China. Zhou Beifan, a researcher at the Epidemiology Research Office of Fuwai Hospital, once assisted Wu Yingkai in conducting a general survey of hypertension. Wu Zhaosu also works with Wu Yingkai to prevent and treat cardiovascular patients in Shijingshan District.
Wu Lao has been engaged in surgery and is a layman in epidemiology, but he feels that he is duty-bound, so he started from scratch and humbly asked the epidemiologist Professor He and the statistician Professor Gao Runquan for advice, and his work soon improved. 1979 organized a general survey of hypertension in 90 cities and 208 rural areas in 29 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions, with a total population of over 4 million. This is the first large-scale, planned and international-standard cardiovascular epidemiological study in China. It is a landmark work, and its achievements are widely cited by scholars at home and abroad. Wu Lao also established the first cardiovascular epidemiology and population prevention laboratory in China, located in Shijingshan District, Beijing, and carried out many pioneering work. He personally went to the scene to organize investigations, train cadres, sum up experience, and guide the national epidemiology and crowd prevention work.
Once, Wu Lao visited a patient in Cao Shi Village, Shijingshan District. Suddenly, a rainstorm hit, and the water on the ground did not pass the calf in an instant, and people shook in the water. Wu Lao walked on with a cane. We followed him, braved the wind and rain, took blood pressure from door to door, sent antihypertensive drugs, asked about the medical history and registered the illness. Until he reached the Yellow River, I was impressed by his perseverance from the bottom of my heart. On the basis of more than one year's hard research, after several years' efforts, Wu Lao established the first cardiovascular disease prevention and control point in our city and even the whole country, and adopted a three-level interactive prevention and control model of village hospitals, district hospitals and municipal hospitals. Practice has proved that this model is suitable for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases in China. Since then, the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases has achieved more and more obvious results. Five years later, the mortality rate of cardiovascular disease in the prevention and control point population decreased 13%, and the mortality rate of stroke (stroke) decreased by 23%.
From 65438 to 0983, the World Health Organization decided to carry out large-scale monitoring of cardiovascular disease trends and determinants in more than 20 million people on four continents for the first time. Monica project for short. After learning about this international research project, Wu Lao personally went to the World Health Organization to represent China. Thanks to his efforts, China became the only developing country in the Monica Plan. At the beginning of the Monica project, more than 20 countries participated, and only China and Japan participated in Asia. The assessment of the World Health Organization is particularly strict, and Japan was quickly eliminated, but our scores have always been A and A+. At that time, Wu was very strict with us and picked up the translation plan word for word. He always gives us extra money. It's not over yet. His business came again, and everyone was very tired, but when they saw those achievements, they were particularly happy, and those hardships and tiredness were gone. In September 2003, the World Health Organization announced all the results of the largest global cardiovascular cooperative research to the world at its Geneva headquarters. A photo of Wu Lao was published in the research data collection, calling him the oldest researcher and expressing his reverence and praise. Wu Lao's highly responsible spirit not only won glory for our country, but also set a shining example for each of our staff. Wu Yingkai appreciates the philosophy of "preventing diseases" in Huangdi Neijing very much. For this lofty goal, he devoted all his efforts. Until the last moment of his life, he was still obsessed with people's health education. On May 2nd, 1995, Beijing Evening News of Beijing Municipal Health Bureau launched the Health Express, and Wu Yingkai became the conductor of the Health Express. Guan Chunfang and Wu Yingkai, reporters of Beijing Evening News, became unforgettable friends. Recalling what Wu Lao did for people's health, Guan Chunfang shed tears of excitement.
Health Express was born after an eight-year survey on hypertension led by Wu Lao, a doctor from Beijing Institute of Cardiology. At the end of 1994, I saw the summary of this survey in the "Market Briefing". The briefing with less than 100 words impressively says that there are "2 million hypertensive patients" in Beijing. In other words, there is one hypertension patient in every five Beijingers, and the number of patients ranks first in China. City leaders are also quite shocked. Wu is very anxious. He took a new strategy for prevention and treatment of hypertension in Beijing written by himself and went to the leader of the Health Bureau and said, "Health education in Beijing is really too late." His tone is rude. "There is no other way, the only way is mass education", so we set up the Health Express, and Wu Lao became our first train conductor. At that time, he was nearly 90 years old and participated in many popular science activities. I always feel that a big expert like him is actually doing health science, something that even many small doctors are unwilling to do. He once said, "A clever doctor should prevent diseases first, and then treat them." At the age of 85, he went to Miyun, climbed five floors and told farmers about "health science". Once, he saw a fat man on the road and stopped to persuade him to lose weight. He hates smoking and drinking. When he is seriously ill and needs treatment, he will try to persuade an unknown smoker to give up smoking.
I still remember the day when the big health class started, which was really unprecedented. People flocked to the science and technology museum in the park from the gate of the working people's cultural palace. The venue of 300 people was packed, even the East Square outside the door was full of people. Faced with the flood of citizens, experts had to make an exception and give lectures in the studio. Many people simply sit on the ground and put their books on their knees to record. This spectacular scene in which more than 65,438+10,000 people came to attend classes was photographed by Xinhua News Agency reporters, and a photo of "Big Class under Cypress Trees" was published by more than a dozen newspapers in Britain, America and other countries. Foreign media praised in surprise: "This is Chinese-style health education". A month before Wu Lao died, I went to the hospital to visit him. He held my hand and said that a book published by our Health Express was called "Boarding the Health Express", with a particularly large volume of more than 6,543.8+00,000 copies. He said that this is particularly well done. Medical science popularization should combine medicine with science popularization, combine experts with the masses, and combine the government with the people. This is the direction of health science popularization in China in 2 1 century. His mind was particularly clear and he kept thinking about this problem until the end of his life.
I will always remember his last words to me. He said that the Health Express will continue. This is the career I especially want to do in my life. If I can't do it, you go on.
Wu Yingkai is a well-deserved great doctor with great medical achievements, great medical ideas and great personality.
1995, Wu Yingkai wrote a song as a will: "Make a will in advance, do an autopsy after death, leave no bones to be cremated, no memorial service, no farewell ceremony. If I don't treat this disease, I'd rather die peacefully. I am calm, my relatives and friends are not sad, there is always death in life, and I must be self-reliant when I am alive. "
On September 30, 200 1 year, Wu Yingkai made a will: "I am 9 1 year old, and my life is coming to an end. I must make things simple. If an incurable disease is found, there is no need to actively treat it. Try to reduce the pain and let me go home naturally. Pathological anatomy was performed after death, and compared with medical records, specimens with teaching function were preserved by pathology department. Please contact anzhen hospital for cremation, no ashes, no makeup, no farewell ceremony, no obituary and no memorial service. ……"
On the sixth day after Wu Yingkai's death, according to his last wish, anzhen hospital didn't hold a memorial service for their old dean, but just planned to say goodbye to him on a small scale. However, thousands of people came to see Wu Yingkai off that day. Eight young cardiac surgeons carried the coffin of the old dean, put him on the hearse and stopped in front of the cardiac building he wanted to see most before his death.
People stood in the rain, with reverence, watching this century famous doctor who devoted his life to the development of medicine and people's health in China.