I. Seedling raising and transportation 1. grow seedlings

(1) In summer, the temperature is high and the transpiration is large, so it is better to start raising seedlings in rainy days or before 10: 00 in the morning and after 4: 00 in the afternoon. Spraying transpiration inhibitor on trees before emergence 12 hours can reduce water evaporation of trees and play a role in water conservation.

(2) All seedlings should be covered with soil balls, and the diameter of soil balls is 10 ~ 12 times that of DBH, which is15 ~ 20cm larger than that of normal season, so more roots are reserved for trees, which is beneficial to slow down seedlings.

(3) When raising seedlings, if the soil is too dry, sufficient water should be poured 3-5 days before raising seedlings. Prune the root system immediately after emergence and spray rooting powder, such as 100ppm ABT3 or 30ppm ABT6. The soil ball should be packed with wet grass pieces or wet grass ropes, which should be firm and not easily broken, and the back should be sealed.

transport

After the crown block is tied, it should be loaded and transported, and the following points should be paid attention to during transportation:

(1) The transportation of seedlings should avoid the high temperature at noon, and it is best to transport them on cloudy days or at night.

(2) Determine the traffic volume according to the planting amount, and plant the seedlings in time after they are transported to the site. Seedlings that can't be planted that day should be planted properly.

(3) During transportation, cover the trees with wet grass curtains. If it is a long-distance transportation, a tarpaulin should be covered outside, which can reduce the evaporation of water from seedlings during transportation.

(4) When loading bamboo, it is not allowed to damage the drop point and whip bud between the bamboo pole and the bamboo whip.

Second, pruning before planting

Pruning amount should be increased before planting out-of-season seedlings to reduce leaf respiration and transpiration. Through pruning, we can adjust the tree potential, improve the tree shape, prevent or reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases, and improve the survival rate of seedlings and landscape effect.

1. Pruning of evergreen conifers:

(1) The pruning amount of evergreen coniferous trees should not exceed 20% of the leaf amount, and the big branches over 2 cm should not be sparse or less sparse as far as possible, and protective agents should be applied at the cut to prevent the trees from weakening or dying due to gumming.

(2) Cedar, Pinus armandii, Pinus tabulaeformis and Pinus bungeana. It should be a small wallet with 1 to 2 cm.

(3) Prune trees according to their growth habits. Cedar, for example, is a tree with a main shaft, and its top is extremely beneficial. The natural tree is a steeple, so be sure to protect the top when pruning. Arrange the main branches reasonably, and there should not be too many main branches. There should be a certain interval between the main branches of each layer, and cut off the too dense branches that affect stratification.

(4) Sabina vulgaris (such as Sabina vulgaris, Sabina vulgaris, etc. ) strong germination, and its pruning can be carried out according to the modeling requirements. 2. Pruning of evergreen broad-leaved trees:

(1) is mainly used for thinning dense branches in lumen, mainly thinning leaves, and the amount of thinning leaves can be 1/3 ~ 1/2 of the amount of leaves. Keep the petiole as much as possible, and apply protective agent on the incision.

(2) For evergreen broad-leaved trees (such as Magnolia grandiflora) with weak regeneration ability, only branches can be thinned, leaves picked and buds smeared properly, and short cutting and equal weight pruning cannot be carried out. The key point of pruning is to remove long branches, cross branches, drooping branches, dead branches, pests and diseases branches and over-dense branches, and keep the original tree shape as much as possible.

3. Pruning of deciduous trees:

(1) General tree species: cut off diseased branches, dead branches, excessively long branches, crossed branches, combined branches, damaged branches, excessively drooping branches, redundant branches on the trunk, long branches that affect the crown order, and sprouting branches on grafted rootstocks.

(2) Under the premise of ensuring good ornamental effect and loosening peripheral branches, the pruning amount of branches can be controlled at 40% ~ 50%, and some leaves can be loosened at the same time. The thinning amount of leaves depends on the size of crown and soil ball, the integrity of soil ball, the density of branches and leaves, and the transplanting period, which can generally reach 1/3 ~ 1/2 of the leaf amount.

(3) Tree species (such as Liriodendron chinense, Magnolia grandiflora, cherry blossoms, etc.). ) callus with poor induction and weak branching ability should not be re-cut, and buds should be used to pick leaves. Branches that are too dense can be properly thinned, and protective agents such as Guofukang should be applied at the cut.

(4) bleeding trees (such as Acer truncatum, Juglans mandshurica, Acer truncatum, etc.). ) Generally, it is not pruned before germination, but after germination and before leaf spreading, and some leaves should be removed.

4. Pruning of trees (such as begonia star anise, cherry blossom, pomegranate, etc.). ) flowering with buds:

Buds should be picked or thinned in time to avoid flowering in the same year or reduce the amount of flowering, so as to restore growth potential as soon as possible. 5. Pruning of isolated trees:

To maintain its natural tree shape, if the surrounding area of the tree is very open and large, the branches can be opened as much as possible to maximize the crown without affecting the coordination with the surrounding environment.

6. Pruning of planted trees:

The branching points of peripheral trees should be low, and the lower branches should be kept properly when pruning. The branching point of the inner tree should be slightly higher than that of the outer tree, and the inner and outer layers should be reasonably matched; The crown shape of peripheral trees should be full, and pruning should be based on thinning branches, with appropriate short cutting. The crown shapes of inner trees and outer trees should complement each other, which can be done by cutting short or thinning branches.

7. Pruning of trees in special scenic spots:

Pruning should be carried out according to the requirements of special shapes, such as flat-topped Pinus tabulaeformis planted at the corner of the path or beside the rockery. When pruning, the upright branches, drooping branches and redundant branches that affect the crown effect should be cut off.

8. Pruning of shrubs and vines:

(1) Bare-rooted seedlings with soil balls or in wet areas and flowering shrubs with differentiated flower buds in the previous year should not be pruned, and dead branches and branches with diseases and insect pests should be cut off.

(2) For grafted shrubs, the sprouting branches of the rootstock below the joint should be cut off.

(3) Shrubbery with obvious branches and new branches with flower buds should be strongly pruned according to the tree potential to promote the growth of new branches and the regeneration of old branches. 9. Root pruning:

Trim exposed big roots, cracked roots and broken roots, and the incision should be smooth and stubble-free. Spray 30ppm ABT6 rooting powder on the roots and spray all exposed roots. 10. Finishing quality:

The incision should be smooth and not split. When the branches are cut short, leave outer buds. The incision must be located 0.5 cm above the bud position. Pruning large branches and root segments with a diameter of more than 2 cm must be flattened and coated with protective agents such as Guofukang.

Third, spray tree humectant.

Immediately after pruning, a mixture of 300 ~ 500 times of humectant and 800 ~ 1000 times of broad-spectrum bactericide should be sprayed on the crown. The crown should be sprayed evenly in all directions to reduce water evaporation and improve the survival rate of seedlings.

Four, straw rope wrapped dry

1. Due to the high temperature and large evaporation in summer, the transplanted trees will have insufficient water supply. In order to reduce the water transpiration of trees and retain more water, it can be protected by winding straw ropes.

For general tree species, a wet grass rope with a diameter of 1.6-2 cm is wound from the base to the branch point. For southern tree species (such as Magnolia grandiflora and Acer truncatum). ) and Ginkgo biloba and Acer truncatum whose DBH is greater than 15 cm, the straw rope should be wound above the branch point 1 m to12 of the total height of the main branch, so as to reduce the evaporation of water in the tree, improve the survival rate of seedlings and ensure the ornamental effect.

2. After the straw rope is wound and dried, spray water on the straw rope according to the weather conditions to keep water and moisture in time, so as to avoid the defoliation and dead leaves of plants caused by insufficient water supply, which will affect the ornamental effect after planting.

Five, the erection of sunshade net

For tree species that have not been cut off in advance and seedling varieties that are not tolerant to shade, shading nets should be set up, and the shading nets should keep a certain distance from the seedlings to avoid high temperature burning the seedlings.

1. Tree species (generally within 6-7m in height) shall be provided with a sunshade net with a height of 50cm higher than the crown and a width of 50cm wider than the crown. The length of the sunshade net should reach the branch point of the tree and be set in the east, southwest, west and north directions. Considering the cost and safety, this measure cannot be implemented for trees that are too high, and it is necessary to strengthen water spraying on trees.

2. The height and width of shading net erected by flowering shrubs (such as Pyracantha fortunei, Sabina vulgaris, Hosta Hosta, Podophyllum fern, etc.). ) only 20 to 30 centimeters more than the height and width of the seedlings, so that the seedlings can be delayed well after planting.

Six, seedling planting

1. Planting technical measures

It is suggested to plant trees in rainy days or in the evening to avoid the high temperature period.

(1) Before planting, check the varieties, specifications and planting positions of seedlings according to the design requirements, and check the size and depth of planting holes. If it does not meet the requirements, it is necessary to trim the planting holes in time before planting.

(2) The main ornamental surfaces should be adjusted when planting. Before the soil ball enters the hole, loosen the soil at the bottom of the hole, stabilize the soil ball and erect the trunk.

(3) The planting depth is flush with the original planting line. If the bottom of the hole is filled with more virtual soil, sedimentation coefficient should be considered. According to the amount of backfill and the size of trees, the surface of the soil ball after planting trees will be slightly higher than the ground by 5 ~ 10cm.

(4) When backfilling, it should be tamped or tamped by layers, once every 15 ~ 20cm, so that the roots can fully contact the soil.

(5) For planting holes with poor drainage, gravel of 10 ~ 15cm can be laid at the bottom of the hole or seepage pipes can be laid, and blind ditches can be added to facilitate drainage, and then seedlings can be planted.

(6) When planting acidic tree species (such as Magnolia grandiflora and Acer truncatum), ferrous sulfate can be added to the bottom of the cave to adjust the soil pH value. 2.( 1) Technical measures after tree support is fixed

Support should be set up after planting trees, and triangular support can be set up. The support points are located at the height of the trunk 1/3 to 1/2. One pole (rope) of the triangular support must be above the main wind direction, and the other two poles can be evenly distributed. The support rod should be erected firmly, the base should be buried 40 to 50 cm underground, and the contact between the support rod and the trunk should be protected with soft objects to avoid damaging trees.

(2) Water and drainage

(1) After planting trees, an irrigation cofferdam with a height of 15 ~ 20cm should be built around the hole slightly larger than the diameter of the planting hole. Cofferdam should be strong and waterproof. Water the newly planted trees for the first time on the same day, for the second time every three days and for the third time every week. After three times of irrigation, the hole shall be sealed with cofferdam soil in time. The future depends on weather, soil water conservation, plant water demand, etc. Water it timely and properly to promote its rooting and growth. Fish scale pits can be planted on sloping fields.

(2) Drainage in rainy season is very important for newly planted trees, and the water accumulation time should not exceed 24 hours. Drainage measures such as ditching, burying pipes and digging holes can be adopted to drain accumulated water in time to prevent trees from dying from waterlogging. (3) spray water on the tree.

After planting, water should be sprayed on the tree in the morning and evening to make it wet. Surface runoff can not be formed, which will cause soil to be too wet and affect root respiration. Spraying should be carried out before 10: 00 am and after 4: 00 pm.

Seven. maintenance management

After planting, there should be a special person to observe the growth of seedlings every day, and prevent and control pests and diseases in time.

Measures such as foliar fertilization, topdressing and root irrigation should be taken to save the seedlings with weak tree potential caused by improper pruning or management. It is determined that the seedlings will enter the normal maintenance period after survival.