Asparagus directory [hidden]

Basic overview

The origin of the name

Distribution of origin

Ecological characteristics

Wen Zhu Huayu

Ecological habit

Plastic stage design method

breeding method

Cultivation management

cultivation techniques

Maintenance precautions

Dwarfing method

control of insect

Causes of yellowing of asparagus leaves;

Zhu Wen Zhu Wu

Introduction to Chinese medicine? Basic overview

The origin of the name

Distribution of origin

Ecological characteristics

Wen Zhu Huayu

Ecological habit

Plastic stage design method

breeding method

Cultivation management, cultivation techniques, conservation, attention to dwarfing methods, and prevention and control of diseases and insect pests: introduction of asparagus and bamboo Chinese medicine?

[Edit this paragraph] Basic overview

Asparagus, also known as Pinus yunnanensis, Asparagus spinosa and Yunzhu, is a perennial evergreen vine foliage plant and a famous ornamental plant. It's asparagus (Pages? plumosus？ Baker), root medicine, has the effect of treating acute tracheitis, relieving cough and moistening lung. Potted leaves are the main material for cutting leaves.

Biological classification: plant kingdom, angiosperms, monocotyledons, Liliaceae, asparagus.

[Edit this paragraph] Name source

Asparagus means "gentle bamboo". In fact, it is not bamboo, because its leaves are soft and green all year round, and its branches are elegant and chic like bamboo, so it is named asparagus. Its leaves are slender and beautiful, its feathers are dense, and it has layers of Cui Yun, elegant plant shape and unique charm. Deeply loved by people, it is a famous indoor foliage flower. What is the best viewing age of asparagus? Yes 1-3 years old. During this period, plants are luxuriant in foliage and gestures. However, even if a small plant grows for only a few months, its scattered branches and leaves can form an ideal composition with a very beautiful shape.

[Edit this paragraph] Distribution of origin

Native to South Africa, it is widely cultivated in China.

[Edit this paragraph] Ecological characteristics

Asparagus roots are slightly fleshy, stems are soft and tufted, and slender stems climb; See you at ordinary times Green leaves are actually not real leaves, but leaflike branches. Real leaves degenerate into scales? Flake, light brown, inserted at the base of leafy branches; The leaflike branches are long and slender, showing three? Feathers with horns extending horizontally; Each leaflike branch has 6- 13 branchlets, 3-6? Well, green. Most of the scales on the main stem have thorns. Flowers are small, bisexual, white and green. L-3 flowers are planted on short stalks, and the flowering period is spring. Berries are spherical, purple-black when ripe, and seeds 1-3? Grain.

[Edit this paragraph] Zhu Wen Huayu

The language of asparagus symbolizes eternity, and the heart of a friend will never change. In the wedding flowers, she symbolizes the happiness and sweetness of marriage and eternal love.

Asparagus means "gentle bamboo". In fact, it is not bamboo, because its leaves are soft and green all year round, and its branches are elegant and chic like bamboo, so it is named asparagus. It? The leaves are slender and beautiful, with dense feathers and layers of Cui Yun, and the plants are elegant and unique. Deeply loved by people, beautify the room. However, due to its rapid growth, its small and beautiful appearance is often not durable and must be rebuilt [1].

[Edit this paragraph] Ecological habits

Asparagus originated in South Africa and is now cultivated all over the world. Its sexual preference is warm, moist and semi-? Cool environment, not cold-resistant, not drought-resistant, avoid direct sunlight. Suitable for rich people with good drainage? Sandy loam containing humus. The optimum growth temperature is 15-25℃, and the overwintering temperature is 5℃.

[Edit this paragraph] plastic method

With the improvement of living standards, people's taste in living environment is getting higher and higher. Because Gracilaria lemaneiformis leaves are beautiful and generous, potted plants are often placed on bookshelves, desks and coffee tables to beautify the room. However, due to its rapid growth, its small and beautiful appearance often cannot last long, and it must be remolded. The shaping method is introduced as follows:

1, pot control method: the size ratio of flowerpot to plant should be 1: 3, which can limit the growth of root system and keep the plant size unchanged. ?

2. Remove the growing point: When the new bud grows to 2-3 cm, remove the growing point, which can promote the regeneration of branches and leaves on the stem, control them not to grow vines, and make the branches and leaves flat and the plant shape full. ?

3. Using the phototaxis of asparagus: rotating the direction of flowerpot in time can correct the growth shape of branches and leaves and keep the plant type unchanged. ?

4. Object shading method: that is, press the branches and leaves with cardboard or shade the sun, so that when the branches and leaves grow, they will rotate or bend to shade when they meet objects, thus achieving the purpose of modeling. ?

5. Comprehensive application of several modeling methods:?

(1) Tower: Choose 2-3 tall, straight and beautiful stems as the main peak, remove all the growing points on the stems, and set the height to 30-35 cm. The remaining branches and new stems should not be higher than the main peak. For new shoots, the growing point can be determined according to the thickness of their stems. If its stem is thicker than the main peak, it should be picked; If it is thinner than the main peak, there is no need to pick it and let it grow. At the same time, it is necessary to constantly adjust the plant morphology by using the object occlusion method and its own phototaxis. ?

(2) Double-clump type: plant two asparagus plants, one high and one low, with a height of about 30 cm and a minimum of about 18 cm, and then shape them into tower asparagus in the growth process. ?

(3) Natural style: The natural growth of asparagus is the main plant type, and the basic methods such as picking growing points, covering things and using its phototaxis are still used to stretch the branches and leaves, giving people a natural aesthetic feeling. ?

It should be noted that the shaping of asparagus must be combined with fertilizer control and water control. That is, when the room temperature is 15- 18℃, water it once a week to keep the soil moist (it is advisable to press it with your fingers). Not fertilized or less fertilized.

[Edit this paragraph] Breeding methods

Asparagus can be planted and divided into plants. Seed white 12 to next April? Mature and ripe berries are purplish red. When the fruit changes color, harvest the seeds in time and put on the seed coat? Take out, dry the seeds, and then sow them on the substrate mixed with the same amount of river sand and humus soil, and cover them? The soil (not too thick) is permeable and moist. It can germinate in about one month at the temperature of 20-30℃. When the height of seedlings exceeds 5 cm, they can be transplanted into small pots. -So ...-So 3-5? Annual plants grow densely and can be propagated by ramets. Branching usually takes place in spring. Divide the clustered stems and roots into 2-3 clusters with a sharp knife, so that each cluster contains 3-5 buds. Then plant them in flower pots respectively. Do not damage the root system as much as possible when dividing plants, and pay attention to moisturizing and covering after dividing plants? Yin. ?

1. Seeding and breeding? Asparagus berries ripen in winter. When the berries turn purple-black, they can be harvested. After picking berries, wipe off the exocarp and take out the seeds. After washing, you can sow. If the room temperature is lower than 15C, do not sow until spring is warm. During this period, sand storage and sowing should be carried out, mainly indoor potted plants. Generally, seeds should be planted in shallow pots with a spacing of 2 cm, and the soil should not be covered too deeply. After soaking in water, cover it with glass or film to reduce water evaporation, keep the flowerpot moist, and place it in a sunny place. After sowing, the temperature is kept at about 20C, and it can germinate in 25-30 days, and it takes 30-40 days for15c-0/8c. When the seedlings grow to a height of 3 cm to 4 cm, they can be transplanted separately.

2. Propagation by ramets? When changing pots in spring, peel off the roots and don't hurt too much. According to the size of plants, choose potted plants or ground plants. After planting, water it and put it in a semi-shady or shady place. Water should be properly controlled in the future, otherwise it will easily cause yellow leaves.

[Edit this paragraph] Cultivation management

Potted asparagus is usually based on 1 humus soil, 2 parts garden soil and 1 river sand. Quality, when planting, a small amount of decomposed animal manure is added as base fertilizer, and the most important thing in its cultivation management is watering. The problem of water. Too much watering is easy to cause root rot and yellow leaves to fall off; If you water? If the soil is too dry, it will easily lead to yellowing of the tip of the blade and leaf falling off. So, usually? Properly control the amount of watering, so as to be thorough without doing it, and keep the soil moist at all times. ? When the weather is hot, in addition to watering the basin soil, we should also often spray water on the leaves to improve the air humidity; ? After winter, the amount of watering can be reduced appropriately. Apply dilute liquid fertilizer 1-2 times a month during the growing period. Avoid applying thick fertilizer, otherwise it will cause yellowing of branches and leaves. When the plant is shaped, the amount of fertilization can be reduced to? Avoid excessive growth affecting the appearance of plants, and pay attention to proper pruning and shaping. It is suitable for semi-yin, tong? When growing in a windy environment, you should pay attention to proper shading, especially in summer and autumn, and avoid direct sunlight. Avoid turning the leaves yellow. It is best to cultivate in a place with a certain diffuse light indoors.

[Edit this paragraph] Cultivation techniques

The key to asparagus management is watering. Too much watering, branches and leaves are easy to turn yellow, and the growth is not good, which is easy to cause rotten roots. The watering amount should be adjusted according to the plant growth and season. Water should be properly controlled in winter, spring and autumn. Generally speaking, the surface of basin soil is dry before watering. If the water quantity is difficult to master, it can also be done alternately. That is, after watering for 3 ~ 5 times, water 1 times the water permeability, keep the basin soil moist from top to bottom, and do not water much. Water in the morning and evening in summer, and the amount of water is slightly larger.

Potted soil should be watered only when it is dry. Irrigation should be sufficient during the growth period, but not too much, otherwise the roots will rot easily. It is necessary to grasp that water will quickly penetrate into the soil and there will be no water on the soil surface. Use less water after the end of autumn. Organic fertilizer can be applied every 20 days during the growth period, such as decomposed cake and fat water. Keep it indoors in a warmer place in winter.

Although asparagus doesn't like fertilization very much, it should be supplemented with nutrients when potted, especially when plants are ready to be planted. The fertilization of asparagus should be thin and diligent, and thick fertilizer should not be used. In the growing season, the decomposed organic liquid fertilizer is generally applied ~ times every 15 ~ 20 days. Asparagus likes slightly acidic soil. Therefore, combined with fertilization, some alum fertilizer water can be properly applied to improve the soil pH value.

Asparagus should be wintered indoors, and the room temperature should be kept at about 10C in winter, with sufficient sunlight, so it can be moved outdoors for maintenance after April next year.

Asparagus is planted in the ground, with lush foliage and rapid growth of new vines. It must be erected in time to facilitate ventilation and light transmission. Prune old vines with dead branches properly to promote the germination of new vines. Apply bone meal or calcium superphosphate again before flowering to improve the seed setting rate.

As a kind of cut-off asparagus, when harvesting, branches with length meeting the requirements of marketing are selected for cutting, and every 20 branches are bundled for marketing. Generally, the price in winter is more than 20% higher than that in summer and autumn.

[Edit this paragraph] Maintenance notice

First, prevent the sun from being too strong and keep it in a semi-shady place. Although asparagus likes warmth, its tip is easy to wither under strong light.

The second is to prevent watering too much or too little. Although asparagus likes to be wet, it should not be too wet. If the basin soil is too wet and the drainage is not smooth, the roots will rot. Too little or no watering will cause the leaves to fall off because of the large evaporation and small absorption of asparagus.

The third is to prevent the pollution of harmful gases. Asparagus likes a clean and ventilated environment. If it is stimulated by harmful gases such as smoke, gas and pesticides, its leaves will turn yellow, curl and even die.

Tall and beautiful asparagus

[Edit this paragraph] Dwarfing method

The stem of asparagus is climbing. If it is allowed to grow, it will lose its lightness if it can reach several meters high. Measures to shorten asparagus are:

1.？ For seedlings, there is no need to fertilize more in spring and summer, just once a month. The amount of fertilization should not be too large, and the principle of light should be mastered. For old plants, it is best to apply little or no chemical fertilizer, just use the opportunity of changing pots to fill the bottom of pots with fresh soil or apply a little fertilizer. In this way, both young and old plants can maintain a stable growth potential. ?

2.？ Pay attention to frequent pruning. Asparagus grows fast, so it is necessary to trim the old branches and dry stems at any time and keep the posture of low bottom. At the same time, cut off the trailing branches in time to keep them tall, beautiful and lush and green. ?

3.？ Select short asparagus varieties. Short asparagus stems have no tendrils and can be kept small and exquisite.

4. Using chemical dwarfing method. When the new seedlings grow to the height of 100cm, diluted with 1000 times of paclobutrazol and sprayed on the leaves can effectively control their growth height and increase the yield.

Gazi? Appreciation value and time.

5。 When asparagus reaches seedling stage, you can also spray a proper amount of chlormequat or Sanxi on the leaves, which also has a good ornamental effect.

[Edit this paragraph] Pest control

Asparagus is a perennial green herbaceous flower, which is called yunzhu, Songshan grass and Yunzhushan grass in some places. Although asparagus has the characteristics of evergreen for many years, if it is not properly maintained, it will often appear the symptoms of yellowing of branches and leaves, which will affect the ornamental effect.

Why do bamboo leaves produce symptoms of yellowing? According to the author's practice of preserving asparagus, the original text; There are probably the following reasons: first, if asparagus is left by the fire for a long time, not only will the feathers of the whole branch turn yellow and fall off, but the stem will also dry up. Second, asparagus will gradually dry up when it is placed next to the TV. Third, exposed to strong light for a long time, plants first stagnate, and then their leaves turn yellow. Fourth, neglect watering, or only watering the surface pot soil, the roots did not absorb enough water, and the stems and leaves slowly turned yellow. Fifth, excessive watering leads to root rot, and then stems and leaves wither. Sixth, improper fertilization, high concentration or immature fertilizer application will easily dry up when using the seedling burning machine, and will also lose fertilizer and turn yellow if it is not topdressing for a long time. Seventh, plants will grow weak and turn yellow if they are placed in a cool environment for a long time. Eight is suffering from freezing injury, which leads to yellowing of branches and leaves. ?

In order to keep asparagus fresh and beautiful, the following measures should be taken to prevent the stems and leaves from turning yellow:

First, adjust the fertilizer and water. During the growth of asparagus, there is no need to apply fertilizer too frequently. Generally, it is only suitable for topdressing in spring and autumn, and dilute decomposed manure or low-concentration compound fertilizer solution, or rice washing water and bean juice water are applied every 18 ~ 15 days. High temperature in summer and low temperature in winter are not suitable for fertilization. Fertilization should be controlled not too much or too late. Water without watering. When it is dry, water it thoroughly at one time, and don't leave waterlogging on the basin surface. Dust on the leaf surface should be sprayed regularly to remove dust.

Second, proper placement. Asparagus likes semi-cloudy, semi-sunny and slightly wet environments. First, avoid exposure to the sun, but where you can see the sun; Second, you should be able to feel the air circulation; Third, stay away from stoves and televisions; Fourth, keep warm, and the room temperature should not be lower than 5℃. If the room temperature is between 0℃ and 4℃, cover it with plastic to keep out the cold.

Third, plastic surgery in time. Asparagus tends to clump. First, when changing pots and covering soil, it is necessary to trim old and residual fibrous roots and redundant stems and leaves to avoid excessive consumption of nutrients, so as to support roots and protect leaves; The second is to cut off the partially yellow leaves; The third is to cut off the stems and leaves that are yellow at the same time.

[Edit this paragraph] The reason why asparagus leaves turn yellow:

( 1)? Too much light? Direct sunlight tends to cause leaves to turn yellow. ?

(2)? Improper watering? Asparagus likes humidity but is afraid of waterlogging, so it should be cultivated in breathable and permeable sandy soil. ?

(3)? Insufficient fertilization? Asparagus doesn't like fertilizer, and it is easy to peel if it is too fat, but it will also cause insufficient nutrients if it is not fertilized for a long time. Should be watered once every half month, pay attention to watering and loosening the soil in time after fertilization. ?

(4)? Improper fertilization? If raw fertilizer is applied or the fertilizer is too thick, the leaves will fall off. At this time, the basin soil should be washed and diluted with water in time, or the soil should be changed immediately for preservation. ?

(5)? Poor management in winter? In winter, it should be placed in a sunny place indoors, and the room temperature should be kept within 8- 12 degrees. Long-term shady, room temperature below 8 degrees, will lead to yellowing of leaves. ?

(6) Smoke pollution? Asparagus is most afraid of smoke and harmful gases, so it should be kept in a well-ventilated place to avoid pollution. You should also spray water on the leaves to wash away the dust.

[Edit this paragraph] Zhu Wen Wuzhu

Asparagus is lush, like blue clouds overlapping, quiet and beautiful. Black bamboo, whose real name is Asparagus, has soft branches and green leaves, which lead vines to stretch like running water. Asparagus and Phyllostachys pubescens are perennial herbaceous flowers of Asparagus in Liliaceae, which are native to southern Africa and have a history of nearly 100 years in China. They are cherished by China people, entered thousands of households and placed in their rooms. Erzhu is also an important material for flower arrangement, and lapels, flower baskets and bouquets are widely used, which set off artistic flower arrangement and make it more beautiful. ?

Asparagus roots are semi-fleshy, and slender stems climb 2 to 3 meters. Leaves degenerate into scales with stalks, and the apex is prickly; The leaf is actually a perverted branch. Each lateral branch is pinnately flat, forming an elegant cloud. The flowers are small and white, the berries are spherical and the seeds are black. The main variety is dwarf asparagus, with short and upright stems, weak or no vines and dense and short leafy branches. ?

Asparagus likes mild climate, not cold and heat resistant, and avoids drought. The basin soil needs to be moist, and the environment should also be moist. Avoid floods. I am afraid of the scorching sun in spring, summer and autumn, and the indoor light will be scattered in winter. Potted soil requires sandy culture soil with rich humus and strong drainage and air permeability. Usually sow and reproduce. Breeding by dividing plants, big plants are not easy to grow strong and survive. The seeds mature from February to April of the following year, and can be planted with sand in the nursery basin with the spacing of 1 to 2 cm. Covering soil is equivalent to 1 seed thickness. After sowing, water it, cover it with glass, cover it with newspaper and put it in a well-lit and ventilated room at about 20℃. After 30 to 40 days, remove the cover and put it in a diffuse light place. When the seedlings are full, they can be planted separately. Knock out the whole seedling, break it, add 20% decomposed manure with ordinary culture soil or plain sand, and put it into No.2 or No.3 cylinder basin. One plant in each pot should be sprayed with water after planting and watered the next day. After the end of spring, as the temperature rises, it should be maintained in the shade outside. Pay attention to keep the environment fresh and moist, and apply dilute liquid fertilizer every 10 day. Early sowing can be formed in July, or the first pot can be changed in August, and 20 grams of hoof pad can be used as the base fertilizer. In early June, 65438+ 10 will enter the house, and plump plants will grow on New Year's Day. ?

To collect the seed asparagus mother plant, it is necessary to take the 2-year-old strong big plant out of the pot and plant it in a corner of the greenhouse. The soil should be loose and fertile, and the hoof can be used as base fertilizer to make the branches and leaves stretch and climb. Management should be meticulous, water and fertilizer should be moderate, and flowers will begin to bloom in July. Pay attention to fresh air circulation during flowering period, moderately control the amount of water to prevent falling flowers. In high temperature season, the greenhouse should be shaded by curtains, and all the front and rear doors and windows should be opened to cool down to ensure the mature harvest of seeds. ?

Zhu Wu Cordyceps sinensis has small fleshy roots, long drooping stems, up to 1 m long, dense branches and luxuriant leaves, small white flowers, round fruits, from green to white, and bright red at maturity. ?

Wu Zhu likes sunshine and is slightly tolerant of shade. Usually propagated by seeds and matured in 65438+February. After picking, rinse with water, mix with plain sand and common culture soil evenly, put in a seedling pot, water and plant, with a spacing of 2 cm and a thickness of two seeds covered with soil. Cover with glass, cover with a layer of newspaper, and store in a sunny place at 20℃, and the seedlings will come out in about 30 days. Gradually uncover the cover, and when the seedlings are 2 to 3 cm high, pour a dilute liquid fertilizer. When the seedlings are full of pots, take out the whole piece and divide the seedlings into pots. Ordinary culture soil can be placed on the head with 3 ~ 4 trumpet pots, with even spacing, and can be maintained in the open air after mid-April. Apply liquid fertilizer every 10 day. Organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer can be applied alternately, or with fertilized culture soil, 50 grams of hoof pieces are placed below, and two tanks and pots are changed for maintenance, and the "Eleventh" will become a big plant. ?

Asparagus should be changed once a year, increasing year by year. If the big pot is not replaced, some small roots can be removed by turning over the pot, replacing new soil, planting in the original pot, paying attention to updating the stems and branches at ordinary times, and removing the old and sick stems and branches at any time.

[Edit this paragraph] Introduction to Traditional Chinese Medicine

Taste: bitter, cold.

Indications: cooling blood and detoxicating, diuresis and stranguria.

Usage and dosage: Oral administration: Asparagus 5-8 yuan, water-decocted rock sugar.

Medicinal material identification: character identification? The root is slender and slightly fleshy, with a length of 15-24 cm and a diameter of 3-4 mm. The surface is yellow and white, with different shades of wrinkles and slender branches. Flexible and not easy to break, the section is yellow and white. The gas is slightly fragrant and bitter.