Fruit varieties suitable for planting in Zhejiang
1. Citrus: Sexual preference for warm and humid climate, slightly stronger cold tolerance than pomelo, lime and sweet orange.
2. pitaya:? Pitaya can bear fruit that year, and the yield is very high. ? A person in charge of a family farm in Zhejiang province said that pitaya has the characteristics of drought resistance, high temperature resistance and light preference, and has low requirements for soil quality. Paddy fields, dry land, hillsides, gravel fields and other soils can be planted. Fruits begin to bear fruit within one year after planting, and start to blossom and bear fruit in May every year, and will last until 165438+ 10, with the number of flowering and bearing fruit every year.
3. Olive: Olive variety resources are extremely rich, and the ones with wide quality or cultivation are: Sandalwood, Huiyuan, Miyamoto, Yao Yao Olive, Camellia sinensis and Qingxin. Olives are good windbreaks and street trees. Wood can be used for shipbuilding and sleepers. Manufacturing furniture, farm tools and building materials. Fruits can be eaten raw or pickled; Internal medicine treatment of laryngitis, hemoptysis, polydipsia, enteritis and diarrhea. The core is carved for medicinal purposes, which is effective in treating fishbone throat. Seeds are edible, and can also be pressed to make soap or lubricating oil.
4. Ficus: Zhejiang Ficus Industry Association is a local industrial social organization composed of legal persons and natural persons engaged in Ficus cultivation, circulation, processing, scientific research, teaching and consumption in Zhejiang Province. It is a non-profit social organization.
5. Ginkgo biloba: Ginkgo biloba is mainly distributed in temperate and subtropical climate zones in China, which is very suitable for planting in Zhejiang Province. Ginkgo biloba contains a variety of nutritional elements, including vitamin C, riboflavin, carotene, calcium, phosphorus, iron, potassium and magnesium, as well as ginkgolic acid, ginkgolic acid, five-carbon polysaccharide and fatty solids. It has therapeutic and medical effects of benefiting lung qi, treating cough and asthma, stopping leukorrhagia, reducing stool, smoothing wrinkles, protecting blood vessels and increasing blood flow.
6. Kiwifruit: A large number of red-hearted Kiwifruits produced in Zhejiang are on the market. There is a jargon in the industry to judge the appearance of kiwifruit: green meat, yellow heart and sweet heart. Hongyang kiwifruit is what people often say? Kiwi with red hearts? , is a variety of kiwifruit. This kind of kiwi fruit looks like a red sun after being cut, so it is called Hongyang kiwi fruit.
In Zhejiang, kiwifruit with red hearts is an exotic product. Around 200 1, Zhang zhen took the lead in introducing planting from Sichuan, which was only 30 mu at that time. By this year, the planting area of kiwifruit in Shangyu has reached 6.5438+0.2 million mu.
7. Grapes: Hanxiangmi, Sunshine Rose, Morning Rose, Kyoho Rose, etc. But it is best to protect them from the rain, otherwise there will be more pests and diseases. Fig: Green husk, blank and other varieties do not need pollination trees, and there will be fewer pests and diseases.
8. Persimmon: Taiqiu, Ganqiu, Yangfeng and other varieties do not need pollination trees. Persimmon is a dried fruit of Persimmon family. The ripening season is around 10, and the fruit has many shapes, such as spherical, almond-shaped and nearly conical. Square and so on. The colors of different varieties range from light orange to dark orange, the sizes range from 2cm to 10cm, and the weights range from 100g to 450g.
Methods of planting citrus in Zhejiang
Breeding environment
As we all know, citrus is a southern fruit tree and likes warm and humid environment. The suitable growth temperature is 12.5 ~ 37℃, and the air humidity is relatively high. Potted soil with loose texture, good structure, organic matter content of 2% ~ 3% and good drainage is better. Sunshine can grow normally for 4 to 6 hours every day on average. (Article source: Fangtu Flower Network)
Potted soil:
Pots for potted citrus should not only satisfy the growth of fruit trees, but also be beautiful and firm. Because the crown is large and there are many fruits, we should choose large flowerpots, and all of them should have drainage holes, so as to discharge excess water in time and prevent water from rotting the roots. Citrus is not strict with the soil, but the soil should be properly mixed in potted plants. General pots: garden soil 1 serving, decomposed organic fertilizer 1 serving, river sand 0.5-0.8, plant ash 0.5-0.2. After the pot is ready, mix it evenly, finely crush it, then put it in a transparent plastic bag, sterilize it in the sun for a week, and turn it frequently.
Citrus planting:
After the soil of the flowerpot is done, it can be planted. First put 1 ~ 2 thick crumbs, gravel or sand at the bottom of the flowerpot for defecation, drainage and root ventilation. Before planting, apply decomposed organic base fertilizer in the basin. When transplanting, the root system of seedlings will not touch the base fertilizer, so as to avoid damaging the roots and crushing the seedlings. Add a small amount of pot soil, put the fruit seedlings in the center of the pot, let the roots extend around, and try not to bend the roots. When transplanting, water the plants first, leave a certain amount of fixed root soil when raising seedlings, cut the root system, but leave a certain amount of lateral roots, which is beneficial to absorption. Slowly add the pot soil, constantly lift the root, cover the soil to the root neck, and gently compact it by hand, so that the soil is closely connected with the root, and the surface of the pot soil is smooth and permeable. 2-3 days after planting, support the soil with poles to prevent the seedlings blown by the wind from hindering the growth of new roots and keep the soil moist.
How to water
Citrus likes humidity, so it is necessary to keep the basin soil moist and pay attention to whether there is water. If the topsoil in the basin is white, it needs watering. Tap the edge of the basin, the sound is crisp, indicating that the soil is dry and needs watering. Watering should be thorough, and it is advisable to have water seeping from the drainage hole at the bottom of the basin. The soil is too wet, which easily leads to rotten roots and needs drainage.
How to fertilize
Potted citrus is limited by pot soil, and the nutrient supply is very limited. Usually, more thin fertilizer should be applied. Apply decomposed liquid fertilizer once before the plants germinate, and then apply liquid fertilizer mainly containing nitrogen every 7 ~ 10 days to promote more branches and leaves and more spring shoots. Fertilize in time after each coring to promote the early maturity of branches. During the growth of citrus, you can sprinkle some cake fertilizer on the basin surface, so that some fertilizer can penetrate into the soil every time you water it, and enhance the fertility. After autumn, fertilization will be reduced, plant nutrition will be avoided, autumn shoots will be promoted, and fruits will compete for nutrients, leading to fruit drop.
Daily maintenance
Potted citrus, because of the small soil in the pot and limited nutrition, should be pruned. Through pruning, the reasonable distribution of nutrients in the tree can be adjusted, so that limited nutrition can be supplied to buds and leaves, and more fruiting branches can be formed, so as to achieve full branches of flowers and fruits. It takes about 2 years to change pots and soil, and at the same time, the roots should be trimmed to restore vitality.
Flowers are sparse and fruits are reduced, and citrus plants are potted, but the nutritional components are limited. If you want to concentrate nutrition on flowers and fruits, you must dilute flowers and reduce fruits. For example, some leafless branches, intraosseous branches and dense weak branches cannot bear fruit because of poor development, so flowers should be picked and deleted, and there are clusters of ethnic flowers, only a few well-developed strong flowers can bear fruit, so flowers should be thinned in time. Therefore, the decisive thinning of flowers and fruits is to achieve the purpose of protecting flowers and fruits. In addition, potted fruit trees pay more attention to ornamental value.
Fruits suitable for growing in the south.
banana
Bananas like hot and humid climate, and grow vigorously on the land with deep soil layer, loose soil and good drainage. Irrigation planting is also successful in semi-arid areas such as southern Jamaica. Wild bananas are cultivated by seeds, and artificial bananas can be cultivated by root sucking and pseudobulb ramets. The first harvest takes 10 ~ 15 months, and then the harvest is almost continuous.
grape
Grape is a woody vine of Vitaceae, which originated in West Asia and is now cultivated all over the world. About 95% of the grapes in the world are concentrated in the northern hemisphere. The main grape producing areas in China are Turpan and Hotan in Xinjiang, Yantai in Shandong, Zhangjiakou, Xuanhua and Changli in Hebei, Quan Min and Yifeng in Dalian, Xiong Yue, Shenyang and Henan.
loquat
Loquat, also known as Lu Ju, Jin Wan, Lu Zhi, etc. , like light, slightly shade-tolerant, like warm climate, moist soil with rich water and good drainage, slightly cold-resistant, not cold-resistant, slow growth, average temperature above 65,438+02 ~ 65,438+05, winter not lower than -5℃, flowering and young fruit not lower than 0℃.
Chinese olive
Olive belongs to the genus Olive, belonging to the family Olive. It likes warmth, and it needs proper high temperature to grow vigorously during the growing period, with good effect. The annual average temperature is above 20℃, which is most suitable for growing in areas without severe frost and freezing injury in winter. In winter, it can tolerate a short-term low temperature of MINUS 3℃, but when the temperature drops below 4℃, serious freezing damage will occur. Areas with rainfall of 1200 ~ 1400 mm can grow normally and have wide adaptability to soil. They can be cultivated along rivers, hills, mountains, red yellow soil and gravel soil, and can grow well as long as the soil layer is deep and the drainage is good.
peach
Peach is a small deciduous tree of Prunus in Rosaceae, which is planted all over the world. Flowers are ornamental, fruits are juicy, and can be eaten raw, pickled or canned, and nucleolus can also be eaten. The flesh is white and yellow, and there are many varieties of peaches. Generally, the skin is hairy. Nectarine skin is smooth. Flat peach? The fruit is flat and disc-shaped. Peach? This is an ornamental peach tree with various forms of petals.
pear