1, flowerpot requirements:
(1) The flowerpot has good water absorption, which can alleviate the negative effects caused by excessive watering. However, the weight of the pottery basin increases after absorbing water, which requires higher firmness of the flower stand.
(2) The permeability of purple sand basin is between clay basin and porcelain basin, and the thickness of basin wall should be paid attention to when choosing. The thinner the wall, the stronger the permeability.
2. Soil requirements:
Sandy loam is loose, breathable and well drained, and has a certain aggregate structure, which can provide nutrients for plant growth and is beneficial to the growth of succulents. Attention should be paid to the reasonable collocation of organic plants and inorganic plants during preparation to avoid too fine and too small dust. The following are some common substrates for succulents:
(1) organic plant materials
① Rotten soil: Clivia soil sold in the market can be selected, or Taxodium ascendens or Zelkova schneideriana leaves can be collected for fermentation and disinfected when used.
(2) Peat: It is a limnetic plant that has been buried underground for thousands of years, and now it produces well in Jilin, Heilongjiang and other places. High-quality peat is brown, with high organic matter content, good fiber degree, loose texture, non-sticky feel, strong adsorption and slightly acidic PH value.
③ Sawdust: It has strong water permeability and water retention, but it is generally not used alone because of its high carbon content and low nitrogen content. It can be mixed with some nitrogen-containing compounds such as bean cakes for composting and fermentation.
(2) Inorganic plants
① Vermiculite: a kind of golden lightweight material with honeycomb structure, with strong water retention and heat preservation, good air permeability and no germs. As a cutting substrate, it has a high survival rate, but it has no fertility, so it should be mixed with other substrates. It is easy to destroy its structure after long-term culture. Used vermiculite should be screened before use.
② Perlite: a kind of volcanic rock containing aluminosilicate, which expands into a light material when heated at high temperature. Good water permeability and air permeability. But the effective water content is low, so it is often used as an auxiliary material.
③ Coconut bran: palm fiber, with loose texture and particularly strong water retention. Often used for cutting. It is common in the market that coconut chaff is in a small block after compression, which is also called "expansive soil". When in use, soak in water first.
3. Cultivation of succulents
(1) Sowing: The advantage is that a large number of seedlings can be obtained at one time. Among succulents, except for a few species that can pollinate themselves, most of them belong to insect-borne flowers or bird-borne flowers, and they must be pollinated artificially to bear fruit. The seed life of succulent plants is short, and the germination rate of succulent plants will decrease rapidly after being stored at room temperature for 1 year. For this reason, many succulents are harvested and sown immediately after the seeds are ripe, or stored in the following spring sowing. Different families and genera have different sowing and germination times. It can germinate 2 days earlier and 25 days later.
(2) Inserting leaves: Hypertrophic leaves are often placed on a slightly wet sand bed or loose soil surface, which will soon take root and grow adventitious buds at the base of the leaves to form small plants. Such as Tianzhu, Shilian and Daye.
(3) Stem cutting: during the propagation of succulents, the branches are cut into sections for cutting, such as desert rose, Zi Long horn, Rosa davurica, Caiyunge, etc. Desert rose, African overlord tree, breeze, etc. White milk will flow from the wound. Be sure to clean them before cutting and dry them slightly for better results.
(4) Root cutting: The roots of rare species in Liliaceae are very thick and developed. Cut off the mature fleshy roots and bury them in the sand bed, keeping the upper part slightly exposed, so that new buds germinate from the top of the roots and form complete small plants.
(5) Grafting: Grafting is often used for the propagation of Pogostemon cablin and its improved varieties. Such as overlord whip as rhizome, grafting spring peak; Horse teeth browse the tree as a rhizome and graft the dance of elegant music; The grafted African overlord tree was decorated with African overlord tree as rootstock; Using rhinoceros horn as rootstock and grafting Zi Long horn has a good ornamental effect. But in the process of grafting, because the plant contains white emulsion, it is sticky. Therefore, the grafting operation should be fast and skilled in order to succeed.
(6) ramet: ramet is the simplest and safest method to propagate succulents. As long as it is a rosette leaf or a cluster of succulents, it can be propagated through its buds, stems, bulbs, tubers and small plants, and it can be carried out when changing pots in spring. Among the succulents, there are varieties with mottled brocade patterns, such as Sanskrit in Phnom Penh, Princess Raytheon, Sleepless Brocade and Green Jade Fan Brocade. It must be propagated through branches to maintain the purity of its varieties.