The washing process of the washing machine is mainly based on mechanical effects such as drainage and scouring produced by the machine and the wetting and dispersing effects of the detergent, which pulls dirt into the water to achieve the purpose of cleaning. First, the washing liquid filled between the impeller blades is thrown toward the barrel wall at high speed under the action of centrifugal force, and rises along the barrel wall. At the center of the impeller, a low-pressure area is formed due to the thrown-out liquid, which causes the washing liquid to flow back to the vicinity of the impeller. In this way, a vortex centered on the axis of the impeller is formed near the impeller. Under the action of the vortex, the clothes make a spiral rotation. After being sucked into the center, they are thrown towards the barrel wall and rub against the barrel wall. And because the center of the impeller is a low-pressure area, the clothes are easily sucked near the impeller and constantly rub against the impeller, just like manually rubbing the clothes, and the dirt is forced out of the clothes. Secondly, when the clothes are put into the washing liquid, they move slowly due to inertia. There is a speed difference between the water flow and the clothes, causing relative movement between the two. The water flow and the clothes will have relative friction. This water scouring force is also effective. Helps dirt leave clothes. Once again, due to the irregular shape of the laundry gush, when the rotating water hits the barrel wall, its speed and direction change, forming turbulence. Under the action of turbulence, the clothes move and tumble irregularly, and their fibers are continuously bent and stretched. The clothes rub against each other, which increases the effective area for washing and improves the uniformity of washing of clothes.

The fully automatic washing machine uses the water level switch and the electromagnetic water inlet valve to control the water inlet, drainage and motor on and off: thus realizing automatic control. The electromagnetic water inlet valve plays the role of opening and closing the water source. When the electromagnetic coil is powered off, the moving iron core tightly presses against the rubber diaphragm under the action of gravity and spring force, and blocks the small hole in the center of the diaphragm, so that the valve is closed and the water flow is blocked. When the electromagnetic coil is energized, the moving iron core moves upward under the action of magnetic force, leaving the diaphragm and opening the central hole of the diaphragm, so the water above the diaphragm flows into the washing tub through the central hole. Since the flow capacity of the central hole is greater than the flow capacity of the holes on both sides of the diaphragm, the pressure above the diaphragm decreases rapidly, the diaphragm will move upward under the action of the pressure difference, the closed door opens, and the water flow is conducted.

The water level switch is actually a pressure switch. As shown in Figure 2, the inlet of the air chamber 1 is connected with the air storage chamber in the washing tub. When water is injected into the washing bucket, the mouth of the air storage chamber is quickly closed. As the water level rises, the water level in the air storage chamber also rises. The pressure of the enclosed air also increases, and the corrugated diaphragm 2 in the water level switch is pressurized and swells. , pushing the push rod 3 to move and causing the contact 4 to change, thereby realizing automatic on and off.

The fully automatic washing machine with intelligent fuzzy control can also automatically judge the water temperature, water level, quality and quantity of clothes, and the dirtiness of the clothes, and decide to put in the appropriate amount of detergent and the best washing program. When the quantity and texture of the clothes in the washing bucket are different, and water is injected to reach the same water level, the total weight is different. Taking advantage of this, by measuring the inertia of the washing motor after it rotates at low speed, the quality and quantity of clothes can be judged. The method is: after injecting a certain amount of water into the washing bucket, the motor runs at a low speed, and then quickly cuts off the power after it is stable. The washing bucket drives the motor to continue rotating under the action of inertia. At this time, the motor winding generates counter electromotive force, which is half-wave rectified, amplified and shaped to obtain a rectangular pulse series. By analyzing the number of pulses and pulse width. You can get the quality and quantity of clothes.

The degree of soiling of clothing is judged by the transparency of water. Add an infrared photoelectric sensor to the drain outlet of the laundry barrel to allow infrared light to pass through the water and enter the receiving tube on the other side. If the transparency of the water is low, the light energy obtained by the receiving tube is small, indicating that the clothes are dirty.

Piezoelectric sensors are used during dehydration. When the dehydration barrel is highly rotated, the water sprayed from the dehydration barrel acts on the piezoelectric sensor. According to this pressure change, the dehydration operation is automatically stopped.