I. Effect of skeleton on yield:
Peach trees have been developed and planted in these villages in recent years, and most people can't prune peach trees, let alone understand the characteristics of each variety. Because there is no organization, all the teachers are invited to teach skills, and they are all the same. Using straight line shaping technology, the autumn shoots are not cut, which leads to blind nodes on the stems (branches) and cannot grow branches. To make matters worse, the three main branches that have been pulled out for two years are jubilant, resulting in the result of pulling out the branches that year and supporting them that year. The three main branches are not bold, and the taper is small, so the main branches cannot return to the original angle, resulting in a horizontal or negative angle. The yield per mu of four-year-old sand-fleshed red peach is only 3000 kg, so it is difficult to improve the benefit. The trunk is shaped in two years without taper. As a result, it staggered into the expansion period. There is no choice but to support the ground with wooden sticks.
How to improve the yield and benefit needs to adjust the tree shape during autumn cutting.
First of all, we should understand the characteristics of Shacuohong and Lin Kuitao: these two varieties belong to the open series. The main branch angle is naturally open, easy to bloom, high yield and sensitive to paclobutrazol. The cultivation skeleton adopts straight-line ascending molding method, with small taper and no bearing capacity of main branches at all. Without the three-dimensional effect, the yield will not go up. Only by short cutting in winter can the lower part be strengthened and the main branches (stems) become thicker. When the new shoot grows to 50~60 cm, the core is picked again, which leads to the extension of the opening angle curve, and the main branch can be extended by 3 ~ 4 feet a year. Small crown completed in 3 years, big crown completed in 4 years, can build a solid skeleton. At present, the angle of the main branch is 80 ~ 90, and there is still a negative angle. What if I cut it in autumn? Firstly, the pressure at the front end of the main branch is tested by hand, and the standing point of the main branch, that is, the bow, is detected, and the skeleton is re-cultivated by selecting new branches, strong branches or long branches. When cutting in winter, the original main branches should be properly retracted, and then the new branches should be cut short. After the new main branch is thickened and the original head is removed, a solid skeleton is built! Needless to say, the output went up!
Second, the effect of density and tree mismatch on yield:
There are two points to determine the tree shape reasonably: choose the tree shape through density and plant spacing ratio. The row spacing of peach farmers in Le Tu Village is 4.5 feet× 9 feet and 4.5 feet× 7.5 feet, and the trees have trunk shape and happy shape. Obviously, the happy shape of the three main branches is extremely unreasonable, inoperable and does not conform to the characteristics of peach trees, which is easy to cause the fruit branches in the middle and lower parts to die and move out. It is suggested that you should make up your mind when cutting in autumn: 1. 2. Use the shape of a tree. When cutting in autumn, a row is regarded as a plant, and 4.5 feet × 9 feet should be changed into a main shape and two trunk shapes, and 4.5 feet × 7.5 feet can be transformed into zigzag or trunk shapes, and both zigzag and trunk shapes can be used to make the big branches staggered. It is required that the middle distance between branches should be greater than 1 m, and the space should be used rationally to achieve ventilation and light transmission as a whole.
Iii. Influence of heavy chemical control on next year's output:
Sha Donghong and Lin Kui are sensitive to paclobutrazol, and excessive use will cause drooping of fruiting branches. In particular, the trunk-shaped fruit branches are wrapped in layers, which seriously affects the light. Most of them don't send new branches, even if they do, they are autumn shoots without flower buds. It is suggested that the autumn shoots should be drained, the old branches should be properly retracted, and the short branches on the old branches should be used for the next year's fruit. Through observation, even if chemical control is not carried out, the new shoot develops late and the flower bud quality is poor, so it can not be updated. Practice has proved that the effect of archery renewal with fruit-pressing pointed bow is not good for middle and late-maturing varieties. It is suggested that the methods of single branch regeneration and double branch regeneration should be used to cultivate preparatory branches in winter pruning, and the results of regeneration branch rotation should be obtained. It is suggested that the application of paclobutrazol should be less or not applied to open varieties with middle and late maturity. Because the fruit grows for a long time, the fruit is obedient, the branches grow naturally and reasonably, the utilization rate of light energy is high, the quality of flower buds is high, the fruit is well colored and the benefits are naturally good.