(1) dried animal specimens
(1) Equipment: scalpels, scalpels, tweezers, artificial eyes, absorbent cotton, cotton or straw, iron wires, needles, threads and preservatives.
(2) Making method: ① Selecting materials, selecting animals with intact limbs, no decay and no toxicity to make specimens. ② Take out internal organs, bones and muscles; Take small mammals and birds for example. Open the abdomen with a scalpel, blow air between the skin and the membrane or gently peel it off, so that the skin and membrane are separated, and the depth is the standard for not cutting the subcutaneous membrane. This bird's skull can be preserved. If there is dirt on fur or feathers during dissection, it can be wiped with absorbent cotton dipped in water. Especially if the peeled skin is sticky, this method can also be used to prevent the skin from sticking together or sticking to hair (feathers). ③ Disinfection: Disinfect the peeled animal fur or feather skin. The method is to apply preservatives to the inner surface of the skin. You can use tweezers to put a cotton ball on the brain in the skull cavity of the bird's head, wipe the brain fluid clean and inject antiseptic drugs. Special care should be taken when using drama drugs such as potassium cyanide and red phosphorus to prevent poisoning. (4) Making artificial limbs: using cotton, straw, etc., tied to iron wire, making artificial limbs according to the shape of the stripped animal limbs. Anticorrosive drugs such as camphor should be put into the prosthesis. The size of the prosthesis should be slightly smaller than the original limb. Prevent skin from shrinking after dryness and rupture. ⑤ Fill the prosthesis into the skin, sew up the opening, install the artificial eye, adjust the fur or feathers, shape, fix and label it according to the required posture. It can be used after drying.
(2) soaking animal specimens:
(1) Equipment: glass bottles, glass sheets, formaldehyde and alcohol.
(2) production
① Material selection: according to the teaching needs, we can collect beneficial insects, larvae, pupae and eggs of pests, and human parasites such as roundworms and pinworms; The internal organs of animals or people, such as the digestive organs, heart, lungs and brain of rabbits.
(2) Manufacturing process: the first step is fixing. Rinse the specimen materials that need to be made with clear water, arrange the shapes, tie them on the glass sheet with thread, and then put them into a glass bottle or jar filled with stationary liquid. The stationary liquid is made of 10% formaldehyde solution and 50% alcohol solution, which can make the material not shrink easily. The second step is soaking. After 7- 10 days in the fixed solution, the material hardened and solidified. Take out the molded material and immerse it in a glass bottle filled with 10% formaldehyde solution for storage. The bottle mouth should be sealed. Pay attention to make a label and stick it on the outside of the specimen bottle. Insect larvae, pupae and egg pieces can be kept in glass tubes. Bottles can be sealed with paraffin wax, arranged in the order of development, and packed in insect specimen boxes together with dried adult specimens for long-term preservation and use.