Quantum mechanics is the basic theory to study the structure and properties of atoms, molecules, even nuclei and elementary particles, and it is one of the basic theories of modern physics. Classical physics before the 20th century is only suitable for describing the motion of matter under general macroscopic conditions, while the microscopic world and some macroscopic phenomena under certain conditions can only be explained on the basis of quantum mechanics.
On the other hand, the nature and microstructure of matter can only be explained on the basis of quantum mechanics. All problems related to material properties and microstructure are based on quantum mechanics.
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The basic idea of quantum communication was put forward by Bennett in the 1980s and 1990s, including quantum key distribution and quantum teleportation. Quantum key distribution can establish a secure communication password, and point-to-point secure classical communication can be realized through one-time encryption. The safety here has been strictly proved by mathematics.
This is what classic communication has not been able to do so far. The existing quantum key distribution technology can realize quantum key distribution in the order of 100 km, supplemented by optical switch and other technologies, and can also realize quantum key distribution network. The teleportation of quantum states is a physical carrier to realize the spatial transfer of quantum states without moving them, based on the distribution of quantum entangled states and quantum joint measurement.
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