During the Jian 'an period in the late Han Dynasty, Liu, the wife of a small official in Lujiang Prefecture, was sent away by Zhong Qing's mother and vowed not to marry. His family forced him to drown. When Zhong Qing heard about it, he hanged himself in the courtyard tree. When people hurt them, it is a poem.
Peacocks fly southeast and wander for five miles.
Peacocks fly southeast and wander for five miles.
"Thirteen will weave, fourteen will learn to cut clothes, fifteen will play, and sixteen will recite poems. Seventeen years old is the wife of a gentleman, and her heart is often bitter and sad. Since you are a government official, you are loyal to your chastity, and your concubine keeps an empty room. You often don't see each other often. Chickens crow into the weave and can't rest every night. It's too late to tame five horses in three days, my Lord. If you don't knit late, your wife will have a hard time! I can't be driven away, but I can stay and do nothing so that I can go home in time. "
When the officials heard this, they said to their mother in class, "My son is very poor. Fortunately, I got this woman back, and I became friends with her on the pillow mat. * * * It's been two or three years, and it hasn't been long since it started. There is no deviation in the behavior of women. What's the point? "
The grandmother said to the official, "He Nai is too small! This woman is rude and goes her own way. I have been angry for a long time, how can you be free! The master has a virtuous daughter named Qin Luofu. She's pathetic. My mother wants to see you. Send it here quickly, and be careful not to stay! "
The prefect knelt down and said, "Fu Weiqi's mother, you gave this woman today, and you will never get her again!" "
Hearing this, the grandmother was furious with the mallet bed: "This boy is fearless and dares to help women! I have lost my gratitude and will not agree! "
The ministers were silent, then bowed back to the house and said they were the bride, choking: "I didn't drive your mother away, I just forced her to have a grandmother." Qing has temporarily returned to China, and I will report to the government today. When it is returned soon, it will be welcomed. Remember this and be careful not to go against my words. "
The bride telephoned a government official: "Don't repeat our differences. In the past, when Chu Yang was old, Xie Jia came to your door. Do you dare to teach yourself specially after serving the public? Work hard day and night. Lonely and bitter. It is said that it is innocent and has great support; It's even more urgent, so why talk about it! I have an embroidered waist, which makes me radiant. Red Luo Fu fights the account, and the four corners hang sachets; Box curtains are sixty or seventy, with blue ropes. Things are different, and all kinds are inside. People are despicable and not enough to welcome future generations. They were left behind for no reason. Always for comfort, never forget for a long time! "
The cock crows outside, and the bride's makeup is neat. Embroider my skirt, everything is four or five. My feet are on tiptoe and my head is shining. If your waist is flowing, you will hear the bright moon. Refers to the root of onion, with dani in its mouth. Chinese odyssey with thin steps.
Worship my mother in class. She is angry. "When I was a daughter, I was born in the wild and learned nothing from it. I am ashamed of your family. I am driven by my mother's money. I miss my mother at home today and work at home. " But I said goodbye to my sister-in-law, and tears fell on my beads. "When the bride first came, her sister-in-law began to help the bed; I was fired today, and my sister-in-law is as long as me. I support my husband diligently, so that I can help myself. On the seventh and ninth day, don't forget to play. " Going out and getting on the bus, I shed more than a hundred tears.
The official horse is in front, and the bride's car is behind. No matter what, the roads will meet. He got off the bus, lowered his head and whispered, "I swear I won't part, I'll go home temporarily;" I'm going to the mansion now, and I'll return it right away. I swear it's sunny! "
The bride called the official: "I feel sorry for you!" " If you see the record, I hope you will come soon. You are a rock, my concubine is a reed, the reed is like silk, and the rock is not transferable. I have my own father and brother, and my sexual behavior is violent. I'm afraid I can't do what I want to do, but I'll blow up my arm. "Easy, two of a kind.
Getting started and going home, there is no face in advancing and retreating. Grandma clapped her hands and went home without any plans: "Thirteen will teach you to knit a sweater, fourteen will cut clothes, fifteen will play the piano, sixteen will know etiquette, and seventeen will send you to get married, which shows that you are faithful. What crime did you commit today, going home without saying hello? " Lan Zhi was ashamed of his mother: "I am really innocent." Mother collapsed.
After returning to China for more than ten days, the county magistrate sent the media. Yunyousaburo, chinese odyssey. Since the beginning of the year, it has been said that it is more talented.
Mother said to A Nv, "You can answer."
A Nv replied tearfully, "When Lanzhi first came, officials met Ding Ning and vowed to leave. Today, this is an invasion of love, and I'm afraid it's not surprising. I can break the letter, which is more important. "
Mother white matchmaker: "I am poor. With this daughter, I can only go back to my hometown." Can you be a husband if you can't bear to be a woman? Fortunately, I can ask a wide range of questions, but I can't agree. "The matchmaker went for a few days and called Cheng to come back, saying that there was an orchid daughter and a eunuch. The cloud has the fifth lang, and Jiao Yi is unmarried. Send Cheng as a matchmaker and master the language. Let's just say, the prefect has this order, and he wants to set the righteousness, so he is sent to your door.
Grandma thanked the matchmaker: "Women swear first, how dare grandma speak!" " "
My brother got wind of it, but he was very upset. He said to Mei, "Why don't you measure your plan?" ! Marry a government official first, then a husband. If heaven and earth are good, it will be glorious. If you don't marry Yi Langti, do you want any rhyme? "
Lan Zhi looked up and replied, "Truth is as good as my brother's words. Xie Jiafujun, return the door. Dispose of it according to your brother's wishes, then you have to do it yourself! Although it is important to government officials, the canal will never be missed. If you make a promise, you can get married. "
The matchmaker's up, Nuo Nuo Fur. Back to Bai Fujun: "The official is on a mission, and his words are very life-threatening." Fu Jun was very happy to hear that. Reopen the book according to the calendar, which is convenient for Liuhe to correspond this month. Ji Liang has been 30 days, and now he is 27 years old, so you can get married. Pay attention to the speed of speech, such as floating clouds. Green finch, white stork boat, four-cornered dragon, graceful. Jade wheel, green horse, tassel, golden saddle. The money is 3 million, all of which are covered with moss. 300 variegated horses, and the salmon in Jiaoguangcheng is precious. Although there are four or five hundred people, they are under the county seat.
Grandma said to A Nv, "I have received a letter from the government. I will come to see you tomorrow. Why not make clothes? Don't do anything! "
A Nv was silent, covered her mouth with a towel and cried, tears falling down like diarrhea. Move my glass sofa and put it under the front window. Hold a knife ruler in your left hand and a silk in your right. Embroidered skirt in the morning, light clothes at night. I want to die, I want to go out and cry.
When the officials heard about this change, they temporarily went back on vacation. In less than two or three miles, kurama's worries were eliminated. The bride knows the horse's voice and tiptoes to please. Looking at each other from afar, I know that I am an old friend. I raised my hand and patted the saddle, sighed, and my heart ached: "Since you left me, there has been no one. The fruit is not as good as the first wish, not for you. I have my own parents, and they forced me to be a brother, so I have to respond to others. What can you expect? "
The official said to the bride, "He Qing will move high! The rock is square and thick, and it can die for thousands of years. Puwei had a hard time, overnight. Green wins the sky, I go to the grave alone! "
The bride said to the official, "What do you mean? Also persecuted, so is your concubine. Meeting in the grave does not violate today's words! " Hold hands, go their separate ways and go home. Do you hate living and dying? Farewell to this world, never complete!
When the officials got home, they all went to the class to worship their grandmother: "It's very cold today, with the cold wind destroying trees and severe frost. Today, the child is invisible, and the mother is behind. If you can't install it well, don't blame ghosts and gods Life is like Nanshan stone, and the four bodies are healthy and straight! "
Grandma heard this, and her tears fell down: "You are a big family, and you are an official in the cabinet. Be careful not to die for your wife. You should be modest! The master has a virtuous daughter, elegant and elegant. My mother is looking for you, and she will be in danger. "
The officials bowed again, sighed in the empty room and made a plan. Turning to the room, I gradually realized that I was worried about speculation.
On this day, cows and horses hissed and the bride walked into Lu Qing. Lonely people will settle down after the dying dusk. "My life is unique today, and my soul will go to the corpse and stay forever!" Take off your silk shoes and lift yourself to the pool.
When the government heard about this, they knew that they would be separated for a long time, wandering under the court tree and hanging on the southeast branch.
The two families asked to be buried together, next to Huashan Mountain. Pine and cypress are planted in the east and west, and phoenix trees are planted in the left and right. Branches cover each other and leaves communicate with each other. There are two birds in the forest, calling themselves Yuanyang, looking up at each other and singing, reaching the fifth watch every night. Pedestrians stop to listen, widows hesitate. Thank you for your future generations, and don't forget to be careful!
Translation:
Jiao Zhongqing's wife, Liu Lanzhi, who worked as a small official in the satrap yamen of Lujiang, was driven back to her mother's house by Jiao Zhongqing's mother, and she vowed not to marry again during the Jianfa period in the late Eastern Han Dynasty (A.D. 196-2 19). Her unmarried assistant forced her to remarry and she drowned. Jiao Zhongqing heard about it (Liu Lanzhi drowned) and hanged himself in a tree in his yard. People at that time mourned for them and wrote this poem to describe it.
Peacock bird flew to the southeast, flew five miles, and lingered for a while.
"(I) can weave exquisite Bai Juan at the age of thirteen, learn to cut clothes at the age of fourteen, play the piano at the age of fifteen, and read poetry at the age of sixteen. Being your wife at the age of seventeen often makes me feel painful and sad. Since you are a small official in the prefect's office, you should abide by the rules of the office and concentrate on your work. I stayed alone in an empty room, and the day when we met was really hard. As soon as the rooster crows, I weave silk on the machine and can't sleep every night. I knitted five silks in three days, and my mother-in-law deliberately suspected me of knitting slowly. Not because I knit slowly, but because your daughter-in-law is difficult to do! Since I can't handle (your family), it's no use raising it for nothing. (You) can tell your mother-in-law now and send me back to my family as soon as possible. "
After hearing this story, Jiao Zhongqing told his mother in class: "I am no longer a senior official and enjoy a generous life. Fortunately, I can still marry this (virtuous and capable) wife. After marriage, (the young couple) will live in love with each other and (agree) to stay underground as partners after death. We have been together for less than two or three years, and (life) has just begun. Time is not too long. There is nothing wrong with this woman's behavior. Where did she expect her mother to be dissatisfied? "
Jiao Mu said to Qin Qing, "You are so ignorant! This woman doesn't pay attention to manners and acts according to her own wishes. I've been holding it for a long time. How can you act independently? There is a virtuous woman in the neighbor's house named Qin Luofu, who is very cute. No one can match her. Mom will propose for you. Get rid of Liu Lanzhi and send her away. Never keep (her)! "
Jiao Zhongqing straightened up and knelt down to tell her: "My child respectfully told her mother that if I divorce this woman now, I will never marry again in my life!"
After listening to her son's words, Jiao Mu knocked on the bed (with her fist) and lost her temper (scolded): "What are you afraid of? How dare you speak for your daughter-in-law! I am not good to her, and of course I can't promise you. "
Jiao Zhongqing was silent, bowed to his mother twice, and then went back to his room. He opened his mouth to talk to his wife, but he couldn't say anything: "I didn't want to kick you out, my mother forced me." You have to go back to your parents' house for the time being. I'm going back to the Taishoufu for the time being, and I'll be back soon. You are welcome to my home when you come back. For this, you will be wronged. Don't go against what I said. "
Liu Lanzhi said to Jiao Zhongqing, "Don't bother any more! I remember that at the end of that winter, when I left my mother's house to marry you, I always obeyed my mother-in-law's will when I was serving. How dare I make my own decision? Hard work day and night, lonely torture, always thought there was no fault, and served my mother-in-law all my life. After all, I was driven away. How can I get back to your house? I have an embroidered waist-length coat embroidered with beautiful glitter, a double bucket made of red yarn, sachets hanging at four corners, and sixty or seventy boxes of clothes, all tied with bright green silk ropes. Everything is different. All kinds of utensils are in that box curtain. I'm cheap and worthless, and I don't deserve to take it to see your future remarried wife. Take it as my souvenir, I will never see you again. Always comfort these things, (I hope you) never forget me. "
The cock crowed, and it was dawn outside. Liu Lanzhi gets up and gets dressed. Put on my embroidered skirt and change it several times every time I wear it. Wearing silk shoes at the foot, sparkling jewelry on the head, white silk around the waist, shining like water waves, earrings made of bright moon beads on the ears, slender fingers as white as sharpened onion roots, and rosy lips as rubies. They are so exquisite and beautiful that there really is no second one in the world.
Liu Lanzhi went to the hall to meet her mother-in-law, who was always angry. (Lan Zhi said:) "When I was a daughter, I grew up in the country after I was born. I have never received a good education, and I am even more ashamed to marry your young master. I accept a lot of money and gifts from my mother-in-law, but I can't stand her orders. I went back to my mother's house today, just thinking of my mother-in-law's hard work at home. " Turning to say goodbye to her sister-in-law, tears fell like strings of beads. (Liu Lanzhi says to her sister-in-law:) "When I first arrived at your house, you were still walking in bed. Today, I was kicked out. You are as tall as me. I hope you will try your best to support your mother and serve her old people well. Don't forget me when you play. " (Lan Zhi finished) Going out, getting on the bus and leaving, tears kept falling.
Jiao Zhongqing's horse walked ahead, followed by Liu Lanzhi's garage, and the car made a faint sound. They met at the crossroads. Jiao Zhongqing got off the horse and got into Liu Lanzhi's car. They bowed their heads and whispered to each other. (Jiao Zhongqing said): "I swear I won't break up with you. Go back to your mother's house for a while. I'm going to Lujiang Taishoufu (on business) for the time being, and I'm sure I'll be back soon. I swear to God, I will never be sorry for you. "
Liu Lanzhi stared at Zhong Qing and said, "Thank you for your loyalty and desire for love! Since you remember me like this, I hope you can pick me up early. You must be a rock, and I must be cattail and reed. Pucao and reed are soft and strong as silk, and rocks are not easily moved. I have a grumpy brother. I'm afraid I won't listen to my wishes. When I think about the future, I feel that I am suffering. " Then raise your hand to say goodbye, disappointed, and the feelings of the two people are the same.
Lan Zhi walked into the room and came to Nacella, feeling humiliated back and forth. Mother Liu was very surprised (when she saw her coming back). She clapped her hands and said, "I didn't expect you to come back by yourself! I taught you to spin at the age of thirteen, cut clothes at the age of fourteen, play the piano at the age of fifteen, be polite at the age of sixteen, and send you to get married at the age of seventeen. I always thought I wouldn't make any mistakes. What is the matter with you now? No one greeted you when you came back! " Lan Zhi said to her mother in shame, "There is really nothing wrong with my daughter." Mother was very sad after hearing this.
(Lan Zhi) Just returned to China for more than ten days, the county magistrate sent a matchmaker to the door. (Matchmaker) It is said that the county magistrate's family has a third son, chinese odyssey, who is beautiful and elegant, and is only eighteen or nineteen years old. He has a glib tongue and is very capable.
Mother Liu said to her daughter, "You can promise him." The daughter replied tearfully, "When Lan Zhi came back, Jiao Zhongqing repeatedly told me to swear never to part. Today is against friendship. I'm afraid this is not appropriate. Then you can refuse the matchmaker and talk about it later. "
Mother Liu told the matchmaker: "(We) are poor and humble. We took this daughter and were sent back to our parents' house soon after we got married. If (she) can't be the wife of a government official, how can she be worthy of the son of grandpa? I hope you can ask around (and then visit other women), but I can't just promise you. "
A few days after the county magistrate's matchmaker left, the prefect sent an army to propose marriage. ..... Said the fifth son of the satrap, beautiful and elegant, not married, asked Cheng Jun to be the matchmaker, which was conveyed by the master book. Directly said to Liu's mother, "We are too strong to have such a good son. Since I am going to marry your family, I will be sent to your family to act as a matchmaker. "
Mother Liu declined the matchmaker and said, "My daughter swore an oath before. How dare I say (to her) about remarriage? "
When Lan Zhi's brother heard that the Taishou's proposal was rejected, he was very depressed and said to his sister, "Why don't you think about it? Last time I got married, I got a small official. This time I got a noble son. Luck is a world of difference. (Good luck) is enough to make your life glorious and rich. What are you going to do in the future if you don't marry such a kind son? "
Lan Zhi looked up and replied, "The fact is really like what my brother said. I left home to wait on my husband and went back to my brother's house halfway. How to deal with completely listen to my brother's idea, how dare you make your own decisions? Although I swore to the official, I never got a chance to see him. Immediately promised to keep this marriage, you can get married. "
The satrap's matchmaker stood up from his seat and repeatedly said, "Yes, yes, that's it, that's it." He returned to the county government and reported to the magistrate: "I accepted the task you gave me and went to Liu's house as a matchmaker." The son is very predestined and the matchmaker is very successful. " Hearing these words, the satrap was very happy. He checked the wedding calendar (immediately), looked through the marriage book and told Cheng Jun: "It is very lucky to set the wedding date within this month. Every day of the month is suitable. The good day is the 30th, and today is the 27th. Go to the Liu family and set the date. " Everyone in the Taishou House said to each other, "Hurry up and prepare for the wedding!" People who attend the wedding in a hurry come and go like clouds in the sky. The wedding boat is painted with patterns of bluebirds and white swans, and flags embroidered with dragons are hung at the four corners, floating gently in the wind. A golden cart with white jade wheels, a green horse walking slowly, and a saddle with colorful tassels and gold ornaments carved on it. Gift 3 million, all wearing blue silk thread, 300 pieces of silks and satins of various colors, delicacies purchased from Guangzhou and Jiaozhou. Followed by four or five hundred people, happily came to Lujiang county government.
The mother said to her daughter, "I have just received a letter from the prefect and will meet you tomorrow." Why not make clothes? " Don't let the marriage fail! "
Lan Zhi was silent, covered her mouth with a towel and cried, tears streaming down like water. Take out the glass sofa where I am sitting and put it under the front window. With scissors and ruler in his left hand and silk in his right hand (making clothes by hand). I made an embroidered skirt in the morning and a sweater in the evening. The gloomy sky gradually darkened. Lan Zhi was full of thoughts and went out to cry bitterly.
Jiao Zhongqing heard this change, so he asked for leave and came back temporarily. He went to Lan Zhi's home, two or three miles away. People are sad and horses are ringing. Lan Zhi, familiar with the pounding of horses' hooves of officials, ran briskly to meet him, looking sad and disappointed, knowing that someone was coming. She raised her hand and stroked the saddle, and her heart was broken with a sigh. Said: "since you left me, the personnel changes are really unexpected!" " I have my own mother and my own brother forced me to marry someone else. What is your hope of coming back! "
Jiao Zhongqing said to Lan Zhi, "Congratulations on your promotion! My rock is square and firm, which can be stored for thousands of years, while Puwei is flexible for a while and can only be stored in the morning and evening. You will get richer and richer day by day. Let me go to hell alone! "
Lan Zhi said to Jiao Zhongqing, "I didn't expect you to say such a thing! We are all persecuted, so are you and me. Let's meet underground! (Hope) Don't break today's oath! " (They) shook hands with each other tightly, then said goodbye and went home. When the living bid farewell to the dead, where can the resentment in their hearts be exhausted? Thinking that (they) will leave this world forever, they can't save (lives) anyway!
When Jiao Zhongqing came home, he went to the hall to meet his mother and said, "It's windy and cold today. The cold wind destroyed trees and the orchids in the yard were covered with thick frost. My son is like a sunset now, which makes my mother lonely in the future. I made such a bad plan on purpose. Stop hating ghosts and gods! May you live longer than Nanshan Stone, and may your body be healthy and comfortable forever! "
Jiao Mu heard these words, and her tears flowed down with her voice. She said, "You are a noble son and hold an important position in a big official. Don't try to die for a woman. (You and her) are different, where is the fickle? " There is a wise woman in the East, whose beauty is famous both inside and outside the city. I propose for you, and sooner or later there will be an answer. "
Jiao Zhongqing bowed to his mother twice and then went back to his room. He sighed in his empty room, and his plan to commit suicide was decided. He turned his head to Lan Zhi's inner room, more and more tortured by sadness.
(Lan Zhi) On the wedding day in Ma Si, Niu Jiao, Liu Lanzhi walked into the wedding green tent. After the dark dusk, people began to have a quiet rest. (Lan Zhi said to himself): "Today my life is over and my soul is leaving. Let this body stay on the earth for a long time! " ! Roll up your skirt, take off your silk shoes and jump into the clear pool.
When Jiao Zhongqing heard that Liu Lanzhi committed suicide by drowning, he knew in his heart that he had left Liu Lanzhi forever. He lingered under a tree in the yard for a while, and then hanged himself on a branch in the southeast.
Jiao and Liu asked to be buried together, so they were buried together next to Huashan Mountain. Plant conifers and cypresses on the east and west sides, and plant phoenix trees on the left and right sides. Branches cover each other and leaves connect with each other. There are a pair of birds in the tree. Their names are Yuanyang. They looked up at each other and called to each other until the fifth watch every night. Pedestrians stopped to listen, and the widow heard. She got out of bed and was very upset. Advise future generations to learn from this and never forget it!
Area structure
Peacock Flying Southeast is the earliest long narrative poem in the history of ancient literature in China and the best folk narrative poem in ancient China.
The preface at the beginning explains the time, place, characters and process of writing poetry. The story took place in the Jian 'an period at the end of the Han Dynasty and was based on real people. From Ode to a New Yutai edited by Xu Ling in the Southern Dynasties. The whole poem consists of 357 sentences with 1785 words, which is called "the first long poem in ancient and modern times" by Shen Guiyu.
In chronological order, this poem takes the love between Liu Lanzhi and Jiao Zhongqing and the persecution of feudal paternalism as the clues of contradictions and conflicts. It can also be said that it is narrated according to the tragic development clues of separation, anti-marriage and double suicide between Liu Lanzhi and Jiao Zhongqing, exposing the evil of feudal ethics destroying the happy life of young men and women, and praising the loyal love and rebellious spirit of Liu Lanzhi and Jiao Zhongqing.
Plot development and structure.
Qi Xing: Peacock flies southeast and wanders for five miles.
The first part, the beginning (from "Thirteen Capabilities to Su Zhi" to "Timely Repatriation"), is Lan Zhi's complaint against Zhong Qing, which raises questions and conflicts from the beginning. Lan Zhi and Zhong Qing love each other deeply. They should grow old together, but their mother-in-law won't allow them to divorce.
The second part, Development (from "official hearing" to "two of a kind"), tells that Lan Zhi was sent home, Zhong Qing bid farewell to Lan Zhi and vowed to take Lan Zhi back. There are three contents in this part.
1? From "the official heard" to "be careful not to go against my words", Zhong Qing was reprimanded for pleading with her mother, so she had to persuade Lan Zhi to return to her mother's family and still had the illusion of reunion.
2? From "The Bride Calls the Official" to "A Hundred Tears", Lan Zhi's personality, demeanor and movements are all written, showing her determination and calmness, holding back her inner pain and bidding farewell to her mother-in-law and sister-in-law.
3? From "official horse first" to "two of a kind", I wrote about the parting of Lan Zhi and Zhong Qing, and the reluctance when they broke up.
The third part, development (from Introduction to Deng Yu County Gate), describes what happened to Lan Zhi after he returned to China. This part of the plot is more complicated, write three contents.
1? Mother didn't understand her daughter at first, and finally understood her situation after her daughter's narrative.
2? However, my brother resolutely refused. He looks at problems with snobbery, and has no feelings of brother and sister. He must force his sister to remarry.
3? Writing about your family is a luxury of marriage.
The fourth part, the climax (from "My mother's name is A Nv" to "Southeastern Branch hanged herself"), is the climax of the whole poem.
The fifth part, the ending (from "the two families seek to be buried together" to the ending), expresses the poet's strong desire.
People and dialogue
This poem has successfully shaped the artistic images of Liu Lanzhi and Jiao Zhongqing. Besides their tragic behavior, dialogue also plays a decisive role in expressing typical characters.
Liu Lanzhi is strong and cautious, and will not be intimidated or shaken by glory. Knowing that her mother-in-law was going to fire her, she volunteered to "send her back" and said to Zhong Qing, "My Lord, it is too late to break five horses in three days. A gentleman's wife cannot be woven late. She told her mother-in-law that she was "forced by her mother's money". She was neither humble nor humble, and she was very cultured. Brother forced marriage, she said, "If you deal with it according to your brother's wishes, you have to find a job for yourself. "Soft inside, she has her own ideas. Liu Lanzhi is also a kind and docile woman. She is considerate and understanding of Zhong Qing. On the one hand, she is loyal to love. " You are regarded as a rock, and my concubine is regarded as Pu Wei. Puwei line is like silk, but the rock does not turn. On the other hand, she puts herself in others' shoes.
Jiao Zhongqing's personality is also very distinct. He is loyal to love, but he dare not fight directly. He can only passively resist and bear the burden of humiliation. He loved Lan Zhi deeply and threatened that "if he sent this woman away today, he would never take her away again". No wonder "grandma wants to smell it" and she will be furious if she wants to "hammer the bed". Later, when he had to say goodbye to Lan Zhi temporarily, he solemnly declared: "I will never be separated from you" and "I will never be an enemy of heaven". He also said: "I don't drive your mother away, but force her to have a mother." He is outspoken and has a clear attitude. Zhong Qing's rebellious character can be seen in his words when he left home to say goodbye to his mother: "Today, the cold wind destroys trees. Today, the child is invisible, and the mother is behind. Don't blame ghosts and gods for bad plans! " These words came as a bolt from the blue, but Jiao Mu, a feudal parent, withdrew her power of attorney before she changed her mind. Finally, Zhong Qing ignored Jiao Mu's advice and hanged himself in the courtyard tree. Obviously, this character who is loyal to love, like Lan Zhi, is full of rebellious spirit.
The burnt wood is a prominent negative image. She is an extremely arrogant and unreasonable woman, who neither understands nor sympathizes with Lan Zhi's virtue and Zhong Qing's love, and is arbitrary. For Zhong Qing, she threatened for an instant: "I have been angry for a long time, how can you be free!" "That boy is fearless, how dare he help that woman!" After a while, he coaxed with words: "The master has a virtuous daughter who calls herself Qin Luofu. She is extremely pitiful, and her mother begs you. " Carrot and stick, the purpose is to get Zhong Qing to send Lan Zhi away quickly, pull out her eyesore, and safeguard the authority of her parents. This fully exposed the ugly nature of feudal paternalism destroying young people.
Liu Xiong, another negative image, doesn't write much, but his sexual behavior is violent, obedient and ugly. He said to Lan Zhi, "Don't estimate your plan! Marry a government official first, then a husband. If heaven and earth are good, it will be glorious. Don't marry Yi Langti, want He Yun? " "Why not plan!" Rough reprimand, bullying. "It's an honor to marry a government official first ..." Stick to the situation and forget the righteousness at the expense of profit. Shen Deqian commented on these poems like this: "I am a little person who covets wealth and ignores etiquette and justice. I really have this tone. " "Don't marry Yi Langti, want He Yun?" The implication is: "Do you want me to support you all my life?" Under the expulsion order, it can be seen that it is bitter and ruthless, and it is a typical bourgeois face.
Enjoy 1:
Realism in Peacock Flying Southeast (Tang Tao)
Because it is a narrative poem, there are not only characters, but also the author vividly depicts the characters' personalities in a simple way. Judging from the present content, this long poem seems to have been sung for a period of time after its birth, and the characters' personalities are gradually enriched in the process of singing, so every character is permeated with the feelings of working people. This feeling is not only manifested in the clear distinction between love and hate, but also in the fact that the Thai baht is called two sides. The author denies everything that should be denied and affirms everything that should be affirmed. However, whether it is negative or positive, it does not follow a simple formula, but implies the social status and personality characteristics of the characters through complex and specific descriptions, and gives appropriate evaluation. Judging from the author's grasp of the depth of life, we can't help but say that this is an outstanding example of realistic artistic creation in China's classical literature.
Take Jiao Zhongqing and Liu Lanzhi as examples. Zhong Qing was born in an official family and worked as an official in the Taishoufu. Although his rank is humble, he already has the qualification to be a "product" in a strict society, so his mother said, "You are a big family and an official in Taige", and you will have to rely on your backer to make great achievements in the future. Obviously, he is a golden bird who grew up in a cage and developed a cautious and cowardly character. He is a kind-hearted white-faced scholar. The author basically affirmed his struggle, but when describing it, he tightly buckled his characteristics-characters experience and his personality characteristics. Zhong Qing loves his wife deeply. When he knew that his mother was going to fire Lan Zhi, he made a gentle gesture, then knelt down and complained. His mother was furious when she hammered the bed, so he silently quit and went back to his room, holding Lan Zhi and saying, "I won't kick your mother out, but I forced her to have a mother." At the same time, he advised Lan Zhi to lower himself and go back to her family for a while, and promised to pick her up later, but he actually had only a little fantasy expectation, and there was no practical way. Lan Zhi was forced to get married. He vowed to commit suicide alone and even told his mother about the plan. After Lan Zhi died, he finally fell in love with Lan Zhi. The author wrote that he lingered under the courtyard tree for a while, and then hanged himself, vividly drawing the character and face of the timid scholar.
Lan Zhi is different from him. Although the poem describes her understanding, makeup and dressing with exaggerated brushwork commonly used in classical works, especially in folk literature, in the door-door society, "born in the wild" shows that her family background is not in the eyes of "nine products are right". She is an independent woman who grew up in a well-off family. She is beautiful, intelligent and capable. Although the author tries to write about her kindness and meekness, there is a rebellious rigidity in kindness and meekness-a primitive form of the conscious consciousness of the oppressed in people's imagination. This rigidity is not necessarily understood from Jiao Mu's statement that "this woman has no manners, and everything she does is self-directed", but is more widely spread in all the details of Lange's actions. She understood Jiao Mu's intention and invited herself without waiting for the other person to speak: "I can't be driven away, but I can stay here and do nothing, so that I can go home in time." Zhong Qing cried at her and could do nothing. She said, "Don't mix up." He advised her to go back to her family for the time being, and then she said, "Why don't you come back!" " She saw the problem clearly, understood her environment, and showed the dignity of an ordinary person. However, the author did not simply deal with this problem unilaterally. Lan Zhi knows Zhong Qing's character, but she loves Zhong Qing and knows that Zhong Qing loves her. The children's love still forced her to have a little fantasy about the cold reality. Zhong Qing said goodbye to her, and she urged, "If you see it, I hope you will come soon." This is her only hope, which will inevitably arise under certain conditions. The county magistrate sent someone to be a matchmaker, but she declined politely: "You can stop writing letters yourself, no matter how slow you are." Finally, her brother said, "If you don't marry a righteous man, you want He Yun." Stiffness immediately occupied Lan Zhi's soul, and the sense of dignity in the position of the weak and the oppressed was sublimated in her heart. She decided to express her final protest with her life, so she answered "Looking up" and quickly agreed.
When she left Jiao's home, her attitude was calm. When the date of remarriage is fixed, her attitude is very calm;