1, farming and soil utilization

Big cherry should be planted on loose and fertile sandy loam with good air permeability.

2. Soil, fertilizer and water management

The water content of big cherry plants under water and fertilizer management is about 70%, which is particularly sensitive to water demand. Under normal circumstances, when there are many branches and leaves and the temperature is high, it is necessary to water them frequently, otherwise the garden soil will be too dry, which will affect its growth, flowering and fruiting. It is necessary to master the principle of thin fertilizer and diligent application. It is suggested to spray a new type of high-fat film to improve the utilization rate of fertilizer efficiency.

According to our experimental observation, irrigation and mulching in spring and weeding in other seasons are the best soil management for cherry. Because mulching reduces the influence of spring drought on plants, it has a good effect on fruit growth. After the cherry is harvested, the mulch is removed or buried. According to estimates, the average adult garden should cover 2000 ~ 2500 kilograms of straw per mu. Cherry trees should be fertilized 3-4 times a year. Namely:

① Fertilization after fruit picking: mainly to restore tree vigor, promote flower bud differentiation, and increase annual output in the following year. Manure, livestock manure and urine should be applied immediately after fruit picking, and appropriate amount of chemical fertilizer should be added. According to the results, 30 ~ 60 kg of livestock manure should be applied to each crop.

② Fertilization before budding and flowering: Top dressing with available nitrogen fertilizer. Apply/kloc-0.5 ~ 20kg of livestock manure or 0.5kg of urea per plant.

③ Rapid and long-term fertilization of fruits: After flowers wither, fruits develop. Quick-acting chemical fertilizer should be applied to fruit trees at one time, and appropriate amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied.

④ Apply base fertilizer well: apply base fertilizer well before defoliation in autumn from September to 65438+1October (southern warm area10 ~165438+1October), so as to rejuvenate the trees and increase the nutrient content stored in the plants. Because it only takes more than 40 days from flowering to fruit ripening, the amount of stored nutrients greatly affects the size and quality of fruit. Therefore, the application of base fertilizer is very important, accounting for 50 ~ 70% of the annual fertilization. Organic fertilizer should be the main fertilizer, such as compost, manure, rotten bean cake, etc. And adding calcium superphosphate or calcium phosphate fertilizer appropriately.

In addition to the above-mentioned soil fertilization, spraying 0.5% urea, 600 times of potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution or 0.3% borax solution/kloc-0 every day from early flowering to full flowering is helpful to improve the fruit setting rate.