Lipper

After the easy autumn, cuckoo clock, I heard you pass five streams.

I entrust my sad thoughts to the moon, hoping to accompany you to the west of Yelang.

[Edit this paragraph] The original text and its explanation

A letter to a friend in the north on a rainy night

-Li Shangyin

June asked whether the return date has not yet been determined.

Bashan (2) Night rain rises in the autumn pool.

When * * * cut off the western window candle,

But (3) words in the rain at night.

①: Selected from Poems of Li Yishan. Li Shangyin (about 813-about 858), the word Yishan.

Yu Xi was born and Fan Nansheng was born. Huaizhou (now Biyang, Henan) is a native of Hanoi. Poets in Tang Dynasty.

This poem is written for a friend or wife. At that time, the poet was in Bashu and his friend or wife was in Chang 'an.

So "send it to the north". Together with Du Mu, it is called Du Xiaoli.

②: Generally refers to the land of Bashu.

3: Again.

Literary form/style/genre

Seven-syllable/seven-syllable quatrain

[Edit this paragraph] Year and author

Li Shangyin (8 13-858), male, was born in Yuxi, also known as Fan Nansheng, a poet in the late Tang Dynasty, and was born in Hanoi, Huaizhou (now Qinyang, Henan). People are as famous as Du Mu. They are called "Little Du Li". Among them, Li Shangyin's poetic style is closer to Du Fu's. "The Tang Dynasty learned from Lao Du, the only mountain" (Wang Anshi's words), and Du Mu's poetic style is more like Li Bai's.

Li Shangyin has made outstanding achievements in art, among which the seven laws are the highest, and there are many famous articles and epigrams in other five-character quatrains, seven-character ancient poems and five-character ancient poems. His poems emphasize artistic conception, implicit, affectionate, subtle and tortuous, with deep sustenance, gorgeous and beautiful, and the essence is all in it; Be good at using historical allusions and myths and legends, and form colorful artistic images through imagination, association and symbol; His Bi Xing adopts the method of the Book of Songs, and Beauty Vanilla imitates Li Sao, which is profound and profound, and its beautiful imagination and language directly benefit from Li He. If Li He's poems emphasize imagination, Li Shangyin's poems are more important than symbols.

Li Shangyin's poems were very popular in the early Song Dynasty. "Kunxi style" imitated the allusions of Yishan poetry, and later became Kunxi poetry school. However, it only learned rhetoric mechanically, but could not get the essence of Yishan's poetry.

Li Shangyin's poems satirize the present through the ancient times without scruple. For example, two poems in "Ma Su" point directly at the emperor of the Tang Dynasty, saying that "the emperor of the four seasons is not as good as Lu", and such courage of "riding on" is rare in the politically enlightened Tang Dynasty. Poems in Northern Qi, such as "Looking ahead to the sages' country, being defeated by thrift and extravagance" and "I'm sorry for my poor health, but I've reported Zhou Shi as Jinyang", are direct criticisms and allegories of Tang Jingzong's extravagant style; Jia Sheng, a famous article, said, "Looking for a wise man to visit courtiers in the middle of the night, Jia Sheng was even more incoherent. Poor midnight is unprecedented, and Mo Wen people ask ghosts and gods. "He rebuked the emperor of the late Tang Dynasty for his absurd behavior of seeking immortals to visit Taoism and make an alchemist in order to achieve the goal of immortality, and thus he missed the country. "Hundred Rhymes in the Western Suburb" truly describes the poverty of the people after three years of war and drought after the Ganlu Revolution, traces back to a series of major changes in the country in the past 100 years, and seeks a political way out from the comparison between the past and the present, worrying about the country and the people, which is quite meaningful for Fu's Northern Expedition.

Li Shangyin's love poems have achieved great success. There are more than ten untitled poems, and there are also more than ten poems with the previous two words as their titles, such as Jinse, Bi Cheng and Wei You. There are also a few poems that seem to be titled, but they are all about lingering love, fantasy and sadness: "Time was far before I met her, but it was longer after we parted, and the east wind rose and a hundred flowers blossomed"; " If angels don't bring their lovers into the room, what life will they have except dreams? "; " Storms make nuts fascinating, and the moon dew makes cinnamon leaves sweet. "But I can't reach the magic mountain, and you are over there, 10 thousand peaks away." It never stops. Even this bright flame of love will only have ashes? ".

His "Jinse" is rich in words, easy to understand literally and profound in content, and has always been praised as "a Jinse can solve people's difficulties". In addition, "Su E, a young woman, is hardy and fights frost in the middle of the month" ("Frost Moon"); "God pities grass, and there is sunshine on earth" (Yixian); "Chang 'e should regret stealing the elixir, the sky is high and the clouds are light at night" ("Chang 'e") also gives a deep impression.

Like Li He, Li Shangyin is also good at writing dreams. Life is like a dream, dreams are like life. In Li Shangyin's poems, these two realms complement each other, and through dreams, we can find relief from the painful life and find a bright, beautiful and happy life. For example, "I am a colored pen in my dream, and I want to send flowers and leaves to the clouds" ("Peony"); "Ten-year-old dreams of picking flowers" ("East Return") and so on.

Li Shangyin's poems are of course wonderful flowers in the poetry garden, and his prose is also unique. His poems are sincere and tortuous, but his prose is steep and firm, unique and sharp, refuting secular prejudices and expressing his thoughts directly; This chapter is beautiful and fair, full of talent and foresight, not limited by style, good at expression and expression, which has a great influence on later generations and is regarded as the golden rule of CET-4 and CET-6 essays.

The Complete Works of Li Shangyin consists of three volumes of Notes on Yu Xi Sheng's Poems in Qing Dynasty, eight volumes of Fan Nan Wen Ji, and twelve volumes of Fan Nan Wen Ji Supplement by Qian Zhenlun and Qian Zhenchang, with some deletions. The content is substantial, the price is low, and Li He's poems are attached at the end of the book, which is suitable for having a certain foundation in ancient China literature and loving the late Tang Dynasty.

[Edit this paragraph] The origin of this poem

Yuxi students' poems

[Edit this paragraph] The content of the poem

Jun 1 asked that the return date has not been fixed, and it began to rain at night in Bashan 2 Autumn Pool.

When * * * cuts out candles in the west window (3), but the words (4) rain at dusk.

[Edit this paragraph] Note

1. Send it to the North: Send it to friends who live in the North.

Jun: You mean the author's wife Wang.

3. Bashan: Also known as Daba Mountain, it is located in the north of Nanjiang County, Sichuan Province. (referring to the land of Bashu)

4. When: When is it possible?

5.* * * Candle cutting at the west window: it means candlelight under the west window (heart to heart).

6. Cut off: Cut off the candlelight to make it brighter.

7. indeed: adverb. And, and. It indicates a tiny turning point.

[Edit this paragraph] Translation of this poem

You asked me when I would go home, but I haven't set a date yet. There is heavy rain in Bashan tonight, and the pool is full of autumn rain. When will you and I get together again and cut the candle at the west window? Tonight, I will tell you about the autumn rain, my painful feelings.

[Edit this paragraph] Appreciation of Poetry and Prose

This is Li Shangyin's well-known lyric short chapter, which was written by the poet to his wife in the north. At that time, the poet was blocked by the autumn rain and stayed in the Beijing-Pakistan area. His wife sent a letter from home asking about the date of her return. However, due to the continuous autumn rain and traffic interruption, it is impossible to determine, so reply: Jun asked that the return date is undecided. This sentence has questions and answers, ups and downs, revealing the poet's anxiety about being in a foreign land and having an uncertain return date. The poet and his wife, Mr. Wang, are deeply attached to each other and always look forward to returning to their hometown as soon as possible, sitting under the west window with his wife and chatting late into the night by candlelight. At this time, I can only miss it hard. There are only four sentences in the poem, but the scene is integrated with reality, which not only contains the reciprocating contrast of space, but also reflects the cyclic jump of time. "What to do" is the word of imagination, and imagination comes from real scenes. So the second sentence of the late rain has become an imaginary topic, and naturally it has become such a clever poem as "refusing to talk about the late rain".

Most of Li Shangyin's love poems are elegant, gorgeous, deep and tortuous. This poem, consisting of 10,000 Tang poems, is entitled "Night Rain Sends Inside". "Inside" means "my wife" and refers to my wife. The poet misses his wife on a rainy night in Bashan and is full of deep homesickness. The poet wrote his deep affection and kindness to his wife in plain language. The whole poem is ingenious, natural and smooth, ups and downs.

Deep affection, lingering thoughts.

-Appreciation of Li Shangyin's Short Message to Friends in the North on a Rainy Night

This paper points out the unique artistic style of Li Shangyin's poetry creation through the in-depth analysis of Letter to Friends in the North on a Rainy Night: image, delicacy, implication and profundity. ?

Keywords: multiple styles; Misplaced perspective; Euphemism; Scene fusion; include

Li Shangyin (8 13-858), a native of Yuxi, was a famous poet in the late Tang Dynasty. ?

Li Shangyin's poems present a variety of styles, as Zhou commented: "There are beautiful tassels of treasures, a net of fine silk, and a flowing space"? 1. His poetry occupies an important position in the history of China's poetry, opening up a new artistic conception and enriching the artistic achievements of Tang poetry. Based on the appreciation of Li Shangyin's Notes to Northern Friends on a Rainy Night, this paper reveals the unique artistic style of his poetry creation: image, delicacy, implication and profundity. ?

June asked whether the return date has not yet been determined.

Autumn pool night rain rises. ?

When * * * cut candles at the west window?

But words in the rain at night. ?

This is a well-known poem written by Bashu, a poet living in a distant foreign land, to his wife in Chang 'an. Li Shangyin's love for his wife is sincere. They were married less than 12 years, and their wife died. Even in that 12 year, because the poet was wandering around, he could not get together with his wife often. As the saying goes, a little parting is better than a wedding. Li Shangyin and his wife are often separated for a long time, so they have a deeper and stronger understanding of their love and acacia. In his works, he shows the enthusiasm of "spring silkworm spinning silk" and "wax torch turning into ash", showing a unique artistic style. ?

This little poem is written clearly, without allusions or comparisons, and goes straight to books, landscapes and words. The affection in the scene, the blending of the scene and the infinite affection in the plain words leave endless room for aftertaste. ?

At the beginning of the first sentence, you directly call the other person "Jun" and draw a picture of lovesickness between husband and wife from a unique perspective: Dear wife, you must be anxious to ask me when I will come back, so I'm telling you now that I don't know when I can go home. The uniqueness of this poem lies in the poet's writing of acacia from a misplaced perspective, that is, the other party may not really write to ask about the date of return, but the poet imagines that his wife is missing and asks about the date of return. In China's ancient poems, the poems about lovesickness often do not directly describe how they miss each other, but how they miss themselves, thus implicitly expressing the poet's feelings of missing. For example, Du Fu's "Looking at the Moon" shows his missing for his wife by imagining that his wife misses him on a moonlit night. The phrase "Jun asks if he will return soon" seems dull, but it injects the thoughts of his wife into every word, which is euphemistic, affectionate and intriguing. ?

"Late Rain Rising in Autumn Pond" is about the environment in which he lived at that time, that is, the scenery. The poet described a specific environment in concise language: Bashan, autumn night and heavy rain. The author gives a more specific description of this environment, not only describing the rain in the sky, but also describing the rain accumulated underground. Through the realistic scenery, people seem to feel such an atmosphere: it is dark all around, it is raining cats and dogs, the pool is full, there is no intimate friend around the author, and it is raining cats and dogs, making people feel lonely and desolate. This intermittent autumn rain makes people upset, the pool is full of feelings, and the nature author's heart is also surging. Then, the feeling of "autumn pool rising" is more than torrential autumn rain and rising pool water. Obviously, it is the emotional wave of the author's infinite yearning for his wife in sleepless nights. Therefore, there are deep feelings in the scenery, and the environment is written, but it is not just the environment. There is a word "love" between the lines. In this way, the blending of scenes constitutes an artistic realm.

If the first two sentences are written as prospect, then the last two sentences are written as future. On the night of autumn rain, the poets touched the scene, spread their wings of imagination and expressed their love with rich natural associations. The poet chose two modes here: one is the dynamic scissors, and the other is the confirmation of pronunciation. "* * * Cut the candle at the west window" depicts a beautiful picture of a beautiful night in detail and infinitely, and the word "* * *" describes the intimate mode. However, the word "He Dang" pushed the beautiful scenery described by the poet into the distance and into the void. This beautiful scenery turned out to be nothing more than the poet's yearning for it. As for when to return to my gentle hometown, everything is "irregular". This is a cruel thing and a helpless thing. This sentence is full of emotion, but it does not contain a word "emotion", which is very implicit. ?

There is no better way to express your feelings than words. "Keep your word". The poet imagined that husband and wife would get together, talk by candlelight and communicate with each other. "Refusing to talk" is a retrospective memory. The poet imagines that time at this time, and then he is talking about this time, talking about the feelings of missing when the rain is there at night. In this short four-sentence poem, the word "late rain" appears in two places, which is extremely rare in ordinary ancient poetry.

Image, delicacy, implication and profundity are the artistic features of this poem.

[Edit this paragraph] The original poem

Guogurenzhuang

(Tang) Meng Haoran

This old friend prepared a delicious meal and invited me to his hospitable farm.

Green Woods surround the village and green hills are located outside the city.

Open the window facing the valley vegetable garden and pass the glass to talk about crops.

Please come here to see chrysanthemums when the ninth festival comes.

[Edit this paragraph] Author introduction

Meng Haoran (689 ~ 740), a poet in the Tang Dynasty, whose real name was Hao, was Haoran. Xiangyang Xiangzhou (now Xiangfan, Hubei) Xiangyang is known as Meng Xiangyang in the world. Mainly writing pastoral landscape poems. Because I have never been an official, I am also called Monsanto. Nanyuan, a mountain stream outside the south gate of Xiangyang, has his former residence. Once lived in seclusion in Lumen Mountain. Traveling to Chang 'an at the age of 40 should be promoted by Jinshi. He once wrote a poem named Gong Qing in imperial academy, and he wrote for it. He has a close friendship with Wang Wei. Legend has it that Wang Wei once invited himself into the office, just as Xuanzong arrived, Haoran fled to the bed. Wang Wei didn't dare to hide it. According to the facts, Xuanzong was ordered to see it. Haoran recited his poem to the sentence "I was exiled by a wise ruler because of my mistakes", but Xuanzong was not happy. He said, "You don't want to be an official, and I haven't abandoned you. Why do you falsely accuse me!" Put it back in Xiangyang. After roaming in wuyue, I was extremely poor. In the 22nd year of Kaiyuan (734), Han Chaozong invited Meng Haoran to Chang 'an to show his respect. But he didn't want to be famous, so he stood me up and got nowhere. In the 25th year of Kaiyuan, Zhang Jiuling became the long history of Jingzhou, which led to the shogunate. Before long, he returned to his former residence. In the 28th year of Kaiyuan, Wang Changling visited Xiangyang and Meng Haoran. They met and enjoyed each other. Shi Haoran has a poisonous sore on his back. He will recover. He died because he indulged in feasting and eating fresh food.

Meng Haoran was born in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. He was useful to the world in his early years, but he was politically frustrated and lived in seclusion for life. He is an honest and clean man, and he doesn't like to please others. His Geng Jie disobedient character and naive and noble sentiment are admired by contemporary and future generations. Li Bai praised him and said: "The beauty is unlucky, so don't focus on the car, but on the clouds; Now, "White-haired" said admiringly: "Gaoshan, how I long to reach you, just to pay tribute to Chun Xiang (A Word to Meng Haoran). Wang Shiyuan said in the preface to Meng Haoran that he was "handsome in appearance and handsome in spirit; Rescuing patients, resolving disputes, in order to establish righteousness; Irrigation of vegetables and bamboo is noble. " Wang Wei once painted his portrait in Yunzhou Pavilion with the title "Haoran Pavilion". Later generations respected him and refused to call him by his first name, so he changed his name to "Meng Ting" and became a local scenic spot. It can be seen that he is famous among ancient poets. Wang Wei, Li Bai and Wang Changling are all his good friends, and Du Fu, Pi Rixiu and others also have a good relationship with him.

Meng Haoran's life experience is relatively simple, and the theme of poetry creation is also very narrow. Meng's poems are mostly five-character short stories, mostly pastoral poems and secluded poems, and most of them are in the mood of serving immortals. Although it is not without cynicism, it is more of a poet's self-expression. He and Wang Wei also said that although Wang's poems are far less extensive and profound, they have unique artistic attainments.

Meng Shi's poetry is not carving, but thinking, full of wonderful self-satisfaction interest, not frugality and poverty. He is good at exploring the beauty of nature and life, immediately understanding the scene and writing his true feelings at the moment. For example, Qiu Deng Wan Shan sends Zhang Wu, Summer is in the South Pavilion, Guo Zhuang, Night Sleeping in Jiande, Night Song of Deer Gate, etc. , naturally become muddleheaded, but the artistic conception is clear and full of charm. Du Fu said that his poems and sentences in the Qing Dynasty were "perfect" ("Relieve boredom") and praised him for "why bother to write poems, they often give thanks" ("send happiness"). Pi Rixiu said: "Mr. Wang's works are full of praise when it comes to scenery, regardless of the strangeness, which makes those who are polluted and bound the population feel bored. If he loses, he will be lucky and unfortunate. " The beauty of the Northern Qi Dynasty' hibiscus is exposed, and willow is sparse in the middle of the month'; Mr. Wang has Wei Yun Lian Han, Shu Yu Wu Tong. Yuefu Rong' sunshine on the sand, wind and spring turbidity'; The king said, "The fog of clouds and dreams has trapped Yueyang." . Xie Tiao's poem is' dew wet cold pond grass, bright moon reflects clear Huai Liu'; Mr. Wang has "the wind sends lotus fragrance, and the bamboo leaves drip." "This is better than the ancients." His lyrical works, such as "Returning to the South Mountain at the End of the Year", "Feeling on the River at the Beginning of Cold", "Climbing the Wild Mountain with Friends", "Xunyang Looking at Lushan Mountain at Night" and "Talking about Wanshan", etc. Often touched by the ethereal spirit, the brushwork is like nothing, but the meaning is profound and inexhaustible. Yan Yu uses Zen as a metaphor for poetry, which means that Haoran's poem is "wonderful" (Cang Bian). In the Qing Dynasty, Wang Shi Lu introduced Yan's introduction, praised "the theory of verve" and Wang Meng. He used Ran He's poem "Xunyang Looking at Lushan Mountain at Night" as a model and said, "At this point, the poem is empty, and politics is like a gazelle, and there is no trace to be found. The painter called Yipin. " On the basis of inheriting Tao and Xie, the pastoral poetry in the prosperous Tang Dynasty has made new development and formed a school of poetry. Among his masterpieces, Meng Haoran is the longest. He is the pioneer and has great influence on that time and later generations. His poems are based on broad-mindedness, but "there is a strong and free-spirited spirit in broad-mindedness" (Tang Yingui cited Pu Yin for money). For example, "Clouds dream up and fog around Yueyang City" ("Dongting Lake to Premier Zhang") is linked with Du Fu's "There is Wu in the east and Chu in the south, and you can see the world drifting endlessly" ("Climbing Yueyang Tower"), which has become a famous sentence describing the wonders of Dongting. In Qing Dynasty, Pan Deyu once pointed out: "Pu Qin has been surprised by Xiangyang's poems, such as' Morning Light in Xu Dong'. Lying down in Pukou to smell the fish, the radial sound is dark, and the sunrise weather is divided, which shows that the rivers and lakes are wide and the boat knows the wind. Hanging seats for the morning hair, in the lake. See the middle stream, and press Jiujiang Bear. "In the morning, the incense burner rises and the waterfall sprays Chen Hong." You are full of energy and look down on everything. You can't just look at it and speak clearly. However, this is rare in Meng's poems and cannot represent the main aspects of his style. Generally speaking, the content of Meng's poems is thin, which makes him trapped by space. Su Shi said that he was "high in rhyme but short in talent, such as making wine by internal method without using materials" (quoted from Chen Shidao's Poems on Houshan), which was quite to the point.

Although Meng Xiangyang is the founder of Tangshan water poems, his achievements are not as good as Wang Wei's. Why? One is because of his talent, and the other is because his poems are often not as lofty as Wang Wei's. Meng Haoran has been an official all his life, and his heart is not sweet. This situation often appears in his poems, which makes his poems cold and frugal. Wang Moshu, however, was an official all his life. After many twists and turns, he had a profound understanding of the changes of the world. This emotion originated from poetry is often interesting and difficult to pursue.

Although, Meng's poems have their own merits. His poem Far Away not only inherits Tao Qian's thoughts, but also does not diminish Wang Wei. For example, sentences such as "Going south to the wild, because the leaves are falling, the north wind comes to Shui Han" and "There is a breeze on both sides of the strait, and the moonlight is alone" can really be described as "empty and comfortable, indifferent", which is worthy of being a masterpiece in landscape poetry.

In the fourth year of Tianbao (745), Wang Shiyuan of Yicheng received Meng Haoran's poems and got 2 18 poems. He lost his book. Meng Haoran's poetry collection, which is now widely circulated, contains 263 poems, 45 more than Wang Ben's, including other people's works. For the deeds, see Biography of Old and New Books of Tang Dynasty. Apart from going to Chang 'an for an examination at the age of forty, I have been living in seclusion in my hometown, Lumen, learning to write poetry. Poetry is mostly about landscape and pastoral, and it is the main landscape and pastoral poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. They are just as famous as Wang Wei and are collectively called "Wang Meng".

[Edit this paragraph] Dynasty

the Tang Dynasty

(6 18 ~907) is one of the most important dynasties in the history of China, and it is also recognized as one of the most powerful times in China.

[Edit this paragraph] genre

Eight-sentence five-character verse

[Edit this paragraph] indicator:

○ Pingsheng ● Pingsheng ⊙ Pingkecuo △ Yunping ▲ Yun Yun

This old friend prepared a delicious meal and invited me to his hospitable farm.

⊙ ○ ⊙ ● ● ⊙ ● ● ○ △

Green Woods surround the village and green hills are located outside the city.

⊙ ● ⊙ ○ ● ○ ○ ⊙ ● △

Open the window facing the valley vegetable garden and pass the glass to talk about crops.

⊙ ○ ⊙ ● ● ⊙ ● ● ○ △

Please come here to see chrysanthemums when the ninth festival comes.

⊙ ● ⊙ ○ ● ○ ○ ⊙ ● △

To annotate ...

1. So: visit, visit, visit.

2. Equipment: preparation.

3.shú: refers to roast chicken and yellow rice.

4. Close: Surround.

5. Guo: It means outside the village.

6. Oblique: (11×)

7. announcement: window.

8. Nursery: a small yard for farmers. (field: threshing floor. Nursery: vegetable garden. )

9. Talking about Sang Ma: Talking about crops.

10. Just: Go. The meaning here is appreciation. In fact, many people in classical Chinese have this idea, such as "going online on the platform" and "holding it on fire ("movable type version ")"

10. Chrysanthemum: refers to both chrysanthemum and chrysanthemum wine.

12. Handling: take it and die.

13. Double Ninth Festival refers to the ninth day of September in the summer calendar. People often climb mountains and drink chrysanthemum wine.

[Edit this paragraph] to the effect that

My old friend prepared a meal and invited me to his simple home.

The periphery of the village is surrounded by green trees, while the suburbs are covered with green hills.

When we opened the window, we faced the threshing floor and the vegetable garden. We talked about the growth of crops while drinking cups.

Wait until the Double Ninth Festival, and then come here to enjoy chrysanthemums and drink.

Passing the village of the elderly (1)

meng haoran

The word "green tree" is written about the beautiful scenery of the countryside, "open"

The word "Xuan" describes the working life of farmers. These seemingly insignificant, but full of interest in returning to nature.

Prepare chicken and rice for me, old friend. You entertain me on your farm.

We watched the green trees around your village, and the green hills crossed the slope.

We open your window and overlook gardens and fields, wine and Sang Ma.

Wait until the mountain holiday is 8, and I will come back at 9: 00 chrysanthemum time.

[Edit this paragraph] Poetry Notes

1. Selected from Fan Chuan's Poems. Qinhuai (river name): Qinhuai River, which originates in the northeast of Lishui County, Jiangsu Province, flows through Nanjing and joins the Yangtze River. According to legend, it was dug by Qin Shihuang during his southern tour to dredge the Huaihe River, so it was called Qinhuai River.

2. cage: shrouded. This sentence was written in an intertextual way: smoke and the moon cover water and sand.

3. Businessman: A woman who sings for a living in a restaurant or on a boat. Qing Xuzeng's "Er 'anshuo Tang Poetry" said: "Businesswomen make a living by singing. Singing "Flowers in the Back Garden" is just a song, but I didn't know that Chen Houzhu would hold a grudge against the country for it. Listening across the river, Du feels infinite ups and downs, pretending to write poetry? , Chen Yinque's "Bai Yuan Poetry" said: "The so-called people crossing the river in Mu Zhi's poems refer to Jinling and Yangzhou. This merchant girl will soon be a singer in Yangzhou, but she is on the ship of Qinhuai merchants. Jinling is also the capital of Chen Zhiguo. Yushu backyard flower, the voice of Chen Houzhu's national subjugation. This singer from Yangzhou in Jiangbei, unable to understand the hatred of Chen's death, still sings decadent songs in his hometown of Jiangnan. Mu Zhi heard his singing, because poetry has a singing ear. "Modern Gordon pai' ea chung-hoon:" A businesswoman should be interpreted as a businesswoman "(Understanding and Misunderstanding of China's Classical Poetry, No.2 Literary Heritage, 1998). One speaker is a businesswoman, such as the businesswoman in Bai Juyi's Pipa Trip. You can say both. "backyard flower": the music "yushu backyard flower". There are several people who write lyrics with this song, among which Chen, a native of the Southern Dynasties, is the most famous. Because Chen Houzhu was the king of national subjugation, later generations regarded his favorite songs and words in the back garden of Yushu as synonymous with the voice of national subjugation. For example, Du Yan was quoted in the Book of the Old Tang Dynasty: "The rise and fall of the previous generation were all due to joy. Chen will also die, for "yushu backyard flower"; Qi will die, too, because he is "with Song". You will cry when you hear it on the road, and the so-called voice of national subjugation is also heard. "Xu Hun's poem" Jinling Nostalgia "said:" Yushu is dead, and Jingyang soldiers are guarding the building. "

[Edit this paragraph] Translation

The water vapor of smoke enveloped the Qinhuai River, and the moonlight reflected the sand bank along the river.

Stop the boat on the shore in the quiet night and lean on the boatman.

Singers don't know the legacy of national subjugation,

The hotel on the other side of Qinhuai River also sang "yushu backyard flower" of national subjugation.