Dimples and double eyelids belong to dominant inheritance. Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, one from their father and one from their mother. As long as one of them is dominant, it will show the characteristics of dimples and double eyelids.
Further explain the dominant inheritance. If the father's chromosome is Aa(A is dominant and A is recessive), and the mother is Aa, and both father and mother have dimples, then the child will have dimples as long as he is assigned to A of either father or mother. If parents give all A's, there will be no dimples, and the probability is 1/4, so parents have dimples and children may not have dimples. Of course, if parents don't have double eyelids, children certainly won't have them. If there is, it may be caused by mutation or acquired (such as plastic surgery).
The definition of beauty changes with the times. Dr. Zhang said that everyone has different views on the definition of beauty with different times. In modern times, big eyes and straight nose are the mainstream views of beauty in this era.
Compared with small eyes, big eyes are also a dominant inheritance. Parents with big eyes are more likely to have big eyes. Parents have small eyes, and it is difficult for children to have big eyes. The nose is big, tall and wide, which is also dominant inheritance. For Europeans and Americans, most noses are high, so most of the next generation are also high noses.
Some people think that the inheritance of nose appearance will continue to adults. For example, when I was a child, my nose was flat, but it may still become taller in adolescence, just like "an ugly duckling becomes a swan", so what kind of face I looked at when I was a child does not mean that I will not change when I grow up. In addition, most people will think that earlobe separation is beautiful, and earlobe separation is also a dominant inheritance.
Will the child be like me or like him? Height is fat and thin. As far as genetic part is concerned, if one parent is obese, the probability of child obesity is 30%, both parents are obese, and the probability of child obesity is as high as 60%.
Parents decide whether a child is fat or thin, accounting for 30-60%. However, obesity is not a single genetic problem, but also depends on food culture and social atmosphere. For example, Europe and America recently advocated banning the sale of sugary drinks on campus, and Obama vigorously promoted a healthy diet based on her love for broccoli, all of which showed the influence of diet and culture on her figure, which is why there are more fat people in Europe and America than in the East. Another example is Yang Guifei's plump figure, which was particularly popular in the Tang Dynasty. This is all culture.
Height is 70% determined by heredity, and acquired is 30%. Parents are tall, and children have a 50% chance. Parents are short, and children are more likely to be short. Height is also related to race. For example, children in Europe and America are generally taller than those in the East. Diet is also a factor. For example, Jeremy Lin's parents are not particularly tall. Jeremy Lin grew to 190 cm, mainly because he grew up in the United States, and the local diet (such as eating more meat and drinking more milk) combined with exercise (especially jumping) was composed of growth hormone.
Black and white skin color is determined by melanin, which is also related to heredity. If your parents have dark skin, you can't expect to have a white child. Usually, children's skin color will be neutral between parents, and sunlight will also have some influence on skin color.
Will the child be like me or like him? Good character, good temper
The quality of language development is closely related to many factors. When can I see the child's temper? From the birth of the full moon, it can be seen that children with good temper sleep better and their brains get more rest, which is helpful for their later personality. It is not only related to parents' inheritance, but also influenced by the day after tomorrow For example, parents are usually impatient, and children will be impatient.
In addition, children with slow language development will be more irritable. For example, a one-year-old child should talk but doesn't talk, and it is easy to beat his head, and even has some self-harm behavior. These children will find that language development is slow when they are young, and they will have problems such as insufficient concentration and hyperactivity after going to kindergarten. These are all factors that affect their character.
Impatient temperament
Irritability is related to dopamine. Theoretically speaking, impatience is related to dopamine, which is an amino acid in charge of many functions of the body. For example, 1, 2-year-old children have autistic behavior (such as slow language development, not sharing with others, not looking directly at each other when talking with others), which is related to dopamine; Tourette syndrome is common in preschool children aged 5 or 6. Children with Tourette's syndrome are more prone to hyperactivity, mania, impulsiveness and inattention, and are prone to compulsive behaviors, such as nail picking, finger biting and fidgeting. Adolescent schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and Parkinson's disease in the elderly are also related to dopamine.
Children with Tourette's disease, autistic behavior and bipolar disorder are more prone to irritability, and these diseases cannot be explained by a single gene. However, clinical findings show that some diseases are not necessarily hereditary, but they are highly familial. For example, if there is a mental patient at home, children are more prone to hyperactivity, inattention and autism.
Environment is also one of the factors. These diseases are related to multiple genes. Of course, the environment is also a factor. For example, children who grow up in a particularly fast-paced environment are prone to type A personality, that is, people who are prone to tension, anxiety and emotional ups and downs. It is suggested that it is best to create a quiet and comfortable environment, which will help children's emotional stability and future personality development.
Besides, music also helps. It has been found that the application of Mozart's concert in treatment can improve patients with abnormal brain release of radio waves. For example, epileptic patients have the opportunity to improve their brain waves in this way, making the trend stable, indirectly confirming that prenatal education will have a certain impact on the environment before the fetus is born.
In addition, the care of parents is also related to the development of children's personality. From pregnancy to growth after birth, if children get more care and care, the brain will develop better. Studies have found that children who are alienated from childhood have smaller brain capacity. If they get support from their families and interact with their parents more, their brains will develop more completely.
optimistic
The environment and upbringing process can not be ignored. "Positive personality" is mainly controlled by multiple genes, and the acquired environment is also related to the upbringing process. Prenatal prenatal education, talk to the fetus more, and give the baby contrasting colors (such as zebra dolls, colorful Rubik's Cube, etc.). ), plus touch (such as * * *, you can * * perceive integration), hearing * * *, and so on. All of them are helpful for children's brain development, so there is no problem of sensory integration development, and fine movements will be compared. The baby's brain development will last until about 9 years old, so with a good family support, the child's brain development will be better.
Will the child be like me or like him? Professional knowledge and intelligence
20% of children's cleverness is related to heredity, and 20% is related to heredity. Take Madame Curie as an example, she won two Nobel Prizes, and her daughter also won the prize, mainly because of congenital inheritance and continuous cultivation. As for whether a child is smart or not, it is not absolute.
If you feel that your mind is not very good, there are some acquired remedies, such as supplementing DHA (an important nutrient to help the growth of brain nerves) and eating more deep-sea fish to supplement ω 3, which will help the development of brain nerves and vision.
singing and dancing
Acquired factors. This part is related to acquired factors, including singing and dancing, which can be trained the day after tomorrow. The sense of sound can be trained from the fetal period, because auditory cells have functions as early as before birth, and the more they are used, the more developed they will be. Giving children a good learning environment from an early age is helpful for the future. Through continuous efforts the day after tomorrow, we can create a pair of hands playing the piano or holding a scalpel.
capacity for liquor
Affected by contact time and race, the tolerance to alcohol is good or bad, which has a lot to do with race. For example, indigenous people have been exposed to alcohol since childhood, and their drinking capacity is better than that of ordinary people, mainly because of their long-term exposure and passive sensitivity to alcohol. Another interesting statement is that some people have done statistics. Children born in the morning and evening will have a relatively good alcohol consumption in adulthood, which is analyzed from the Book of Changes. In addition, pregnant mothers should be reminded not to drink alcohol as much as possible to avoid alcohol affecting fetal development.
Will the child be like me or like him? Disease myopia
Heredity, environment, and the pressure of entering a higher school are all key factors. Myopia is caused by the long wheelbase of eyeball, which is related to heredity and acquired environment. Parents are highly nearsighted, and children are more likely to be nearsighted, so parents are nearsighted, so we should pay more attention to children's vision care. Even if it is not affected by heredity, poor environment will cause myopia, especially in Taiwan Province Province, which is a major reason for the increasing myopia rate. In Europe and the United States, because there is relatively no pressure to enter a higher school, the problem of myopia is not serious.
In addition, we take Darwin's method as an example. Giraffes were naturally eliminated because they had to survive and evolved to the point where their necks were long enough to eat leaves from trees. So is myopia. If the eyeball is deformed for a long time, the organs will change, affecting the next generation, especially people with high myopia. Therefore, the myopia rate in Taiwan Province Province is particularly high, which is related to it in addition to the pressure of entering a higher school. Of course, other conditions such as dense population and dense population are also important factors.
sensitive
Attention should be paid to both congenital factors and acquired conditions. Allergy is a disease definitely related to heredity. One parent is allergic, and the child has a 30%~50% chance of being allergic. Both parents are allergic, and the probability of children being allergic is as high as 80%. In the environmental part, if you are exposed to allergens for a long time, or the environment is humid and sultry, the chances of allergies will also increase. Therefore, allergic diseases are closely related to congenital and acquired diseases.
Many mothers will be tested for the IgE value of umbilical cord blood during delivery to determine whether their children are allergic, but it should be known that even if the test results are normal, it does not mean that there will be no allergic diseases in the future. There may be no problem in the environment when the child is born, but the environment may induce allergies in the future, so this is the reason why the child's birth check is normal and then allergies occur. Clinical observation also found that children with Tourette's disease are more prone to allergic problems.
Conclusion dr. zhang emphasized that children are born like their parents. It is often not easy for parents to want their children to be like themselves and tend to mainstream social values. Parents are advised not to blame themselves or feel pessimistic because of their children's poor congenital conditions, let alone put pressure on their children. In fact, the efforts of the day after tomorrow can still be changed. From the beginning of pregnancy, they can give good care and prenatal education to the fetus, so that the child can grow up in a good environment after birth.
Zhang Education: Master of Medical Research Institute of Evergreen University, Doctor of Medicine of Taipei Medical College Experience: Director of Pediatrics, Rongmin Hospital, Zhudong Current position: Attending physician of Pediatric Neurology Department of Zhangji, Director of Severe Pediatric Ward of Zhangji.