ECU (Electronic Control Unit), also known as "trip computer" and "vehicle computer". In terms of use, it is a special microcomputer controller for automobiles. Like ordinary computers, it consists of microprocessor (CPU), memory (ROM, RAM), input/output interface (I/O), analog-to-digital converter (A/D) and large-scale integrated circuits such as shaping and driving.
1 replace
Replacing the hardware of ECU arithmetic unit directly is a very common "replacing computer" in circuit. Using "full-time replacement ECU" to control engines, such as Motec, Haltech and other brands, are well-known full-replacement computers. This modification is usually used in conjunction with heavy-duty engine hardware modification, because the working temperature, air intake, fuel injection and compression ratio of the modified engine greatly exceed the range set by the original factory, that is to say, after the engine has undergone a very large modification operation,
Replaceable computers do not need to consider the limitation of original data at all, and all data are set by technicians at will. Although the replaceable computer is extremely powerful and highly adjustable, it needs to start from scratch because there is no fixed form and specification. The requirements for technicians are very high. As for how difficult it is, it is not unusual to let the vehicle idle stably after normal start, so this kind of replacement computer is mostly used in professional teams regardless of cost.
2 types of writing
The write-in modified ECU retains the hardware part of the original ECU, and adopts the method of writing the new operation management program into the ECU program, because the original setting program has been changed, and the write-in ECU is often called rewriting the ECU or brushing the machine. Although this modification method is limited by the original ECU and sensors, the adjustable range is relatively small, but it is more stable and safe because it will not destroy the use of other functions of the original factory, and it has been favored by more modified players in recent years.
Many brands will launch ECU programs corresponding to specific models. At present, some popular brands who write about ECU modification even flaunt that their ECU schemes will be aimed at local oil products, climate and other factors, and they can also choose ECU modification schemes with low torque increase, increased peak horsepower and even more fuel-efficient than the original factory.
3 plug-in type
Simply put, plug-in refitting ECU is to change the execution program by "secretly" changing the signal and deceiving ECU with the protection program. First, the plug-in ECU intercepts the signals fed back by various sensors, modifies the signals that need to be adjusted (it can be understood as cheating, in order to fool the original ECU), and changes the signals that originally exceeded the upper limit of the original ECU into normal signals and inputs them to the original ECU. After receiving the "normal signal", the ECU outputs the execution program set by the original factory to the plug-in ECU, and then the plug-in ECU modifies the signal (at this time, the instruction issued by the original ECU is not suitable for the operation of the actuator).
After the above-mentioned series of actions, a successful deception was completed. The adjustable range of externally modified ECU is between the other two ways. However, due to the increasingly powerful performance and self-protection of modern automobile ECU, the operation of external computers is becoming more and more difficult.
Generally speaking, the three methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. The substitution method is suitable for heavy modification or even competitive modification, the brush method is suitable for the original ECU with strong protection and light modification, and the external computer is suitable for light and moderate modification, corresponding to the original ECU with easy data modification.