1, pruning time:
Spring from early February to mid-March; Early July to mid-August is the summer and autumn season. In addition, from late April to early July, auxiliary pruning such as bud wiping, shoot control and flower cutting was carried out.
2, different growth period of pruning requirements:
(1) Vegetative growth period: On the basis of fixing the trunk and shaping, young citrus reticulata mainly cultivates the crown by shaping. After the first and second years of planting, Little citrus reticulata continued to cultivate the main branches, chose to keep the auxiliary main branches and configure the side branches to make the tree compact and flourish. Cultivate shoots 3 ~ 4 times a year, form a crown as soon as possible, and remove buds in time.
(2) Growth and fruiting period: Continue to cultivate the crown of citrus reticulata and bear appropriate fruits. Promote new shoots 2 ~ 3 times a year, so that the branches are evenly arranged and a compact crown is formed as soon as possible. The middle and upper parts of plants do not bear fruit or bear little fruit during the day, and pruning is mainly based on bud wiping and shoot control.
(3) Full-fruit period: The height of Little citrus reticulata is generally controlled below 250cm, the crown is wide, the periphery is concave and convex, the branches grow vigorously, the thickness of green leaf layer should be above 100cm, and it is ventilated and transparent, resulting in three-dimensional effect. Control the intersection between rows, and the crown coverage rate is 75% ~ 85%. Pruning suitable trees, deleting secrets and keeping sparse, removing the weak and keeping strong; Cut and stay, cut outside and stay inside; Cut down more trees and plant more flowers, and cut down less trees and plant less.
(4) Aging period: pruning small citrus reticulata, renewing or thinning old fruit branches, forcing new fruit branches to sprout in the inner cavity or lower part, keeping tillers, arranging in a balanced way, cutting more flowers and pruning weak trees appropriately.
3, according to different situations, flexibly master the pruning method:
(1) Small orange trees with many flowers should be pruned again, and thinning and short cutting should be combined; Small citrus reticulata with few flowers only needs light pruning, and some dense branches can be thinned.
(2) Little citrus reticulata's dead branches and branches with serious diseases and insect pests should all be cut off from the base, so that little citrus reticulata can grow better.
(3) The old branches of Little citrus reticulata should be shortened or deleted, and the length of the updated branches depends on the strength and position of the branches.
(4) In principle, transverse branches and long branches are cut off from the base, but when the middle and lower parts of the crown are empty, they can be appropriately cut short as regenerative branches or fill gaps; Dense branches should be trimmed properly, and those that are too long should be trimmed.
Oranges, together with oranges, are often collectively referred to as citrus. They are brightly colored, sweet and sour, usually orange, blue or other colors. They are one of the most common fruits in people's lives, and their peels can be used as medicine.
Oranges are sweet and sour, warm in nature and enter the lungs. It is mainly used to treat chest and diaphragm qi stagnation, vomiting, loss of appetite, deficiency of stomach yin, dry mouth, cough due to lung heat, and excessive drinking. Has effects in stimulating appetite, quenching thirst, and moistening lung. Oranges are also very nutritious, and an orange can almost meet the vitamin C content needed by the human body in one day. Oranges contain 170 kinds of plant compounds and more than 60 kinds of flavonoids, most of which are natural antioxidants.
The rich nutrients in oranges have the functions of reducing blood fat and anti-atherosclerosis, which is of great benefit to the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Orange juice contains a substance called "nomilin", which has the ability to inhibit and kill cancer cells and has a preventive effect on gastric cancer. The orange peel is orange-red, and the pulp is granular, much like grapefruit. Orange peel is thin and fleshy, and the juice is sweet and sour. Peel off the orange peel and the orange juice will overflow.
Citrus fruits are rich in nutrition and good in color, smell and taste. It can be eaten fresh or processed into various processed products, mainly fruit juice. Citrus production ranks first among 100 fruits, and citrus juice accounts for 3/4 of juice, which is widely favored by consumers. Every 100g edible part of citrus contains riboflavin 0.05mg, nicotinic acid 0.3mg, ascorbic acid (vitamin C) 16mg, protein 0.9g, fat 0. 1g, sugar 12g, crude fiber 0.2g, inorganic salt 0.4g and calcium 26mg.. The content of carotene (provitamin A) in citrus is second only to apricot and higher than other fruits. Citrus also contains a variety of vitamins, in addition, it also contains elements such as magnesium, sulfur, sodium, chlorine and silicon.