Question 2: What is pea gravel, a stone as big as a bean?
Question 3: What is the pea gravel in the packing of expressway refuge lane? I hope it can be explained clearly. Thank you. According to the friction coefficient, the bean gravel in the refuge lane is preferably unbroken pebbles with a particle size of 0.9~3.8cm and an average particle size of 1.3~ 1.9cm.
Question 4: What is pisolite? Bean stone refers to a stone similar in shape and size to soybean.
In the field of modern history research, it was a resource strictly protected by the state at that time. In the modern historical documents of our country, we can often see the export ban of bean stone promulgated by * *.
Bean stone refers to a building material in modern times, which is a stone the size of a soybean. English name pisolite carbonate rock or other sedimentary rocks with bean-like structure. There are floor heating bean stones, decorative bean stones, polished bean stones and other kinds (the picture shows the long sample of Nanjing Tianxing Yuhua Stone), which are used for the construction of dewatering wells.
Question 5: Beans and pebbles are also called river stones. Are they the same thing? If not, please tell me what a pisolite is! ! How are pebbles formed?
When you walk on the beach or the beach, you can see many rocks without edges and corners like birds' eggs, walnuts and beans. People call these rocks pebbles.
Once, I went to the seaside of the old dragon head to play. I walked barefoot on the beach by the sea. Suddenly I saw a lot of slippery things, and I looked down. It turned out to be a small stone. How soft and delicate their patterns are, and how are such perfect pebbles formed? I checked this information and found that:
The first cause of cobblestone formation is weathering, which is the function of destroying rocks. In science class, we know that all objects expand when heated and contract when cooled, and so do rocks. Due to the large temperature difference between day and night, the change of hot and cold is also relatively large throughout the year. A mountain made of rocks will become soft and crack over time.
To prove this point, I did an experiment myself. I found a shale, burned it in the fire first, and then quickly put it in cold water. After doing this several times, the rock became very soft, like walnut crisp, and I could drop a piece when I touched it. I simulated the process of rock weathering through this experiment.
Hard rocks are weathered by wind and rain for years, and the rain flows into the rocks along the cracks. After a long time, the cracks will become bigger and bigger, and such a big stone will become broken rock.
Plants have great vitality. The roots of the seedlings are thin and short. When it is thrown into a gap, it will absorb water and nutrition. When it grows into a tall plant, the roots will become thick and long, and there will be many roots, which will crack the rock and destroy it. There are also some natural disasters in nature that can also destroy rocks, such as volcanic eruptions, earthquakes and flash floods. This will turn the broken big stones into a lot of gravel and sand. This process is the first step of pebble formation.
The second reason for the formation of pebbles is the carrying effect of running water. When water flows down the mountain, gravel, sand, etc. The rocks formed by the weathering of the mountain are transported far away by running water. The speed of running water slows down, and the carrying capacity decreases, especially when the river flows to the middle and lower reaches, the speed slows down, the scouring force decreases, the impact force between rubble decreases, and it is easier to polish the rock surface. Most of the rocks in the river are brought by the river upstream. They have gone through thousands of waters in Qian Shan, constantly colliding and rubbing, so they become very smooth, which forms pebbles.
The formation of pebbles reminds me that in the distant future, what will the mountains become today? What does it look like? Maybe it will become colorful and beautiful raindrops, maybe it will become a unique wonder in the world, maybe it will become a golden beach, maybe it will … In short, tomorrow will be better. Nature, a wonderful sculptor, will create a newer and more beautiful picture for us, and many mysteries of nature are waiting for us to explore and uncover!
Question 6: What is a bet stone? What's a bet stone?
The gambling stone of jadeite is actually the original stone of jadeite.
Gambling stones or gambling products means that when jade is mined, it is wrapped in weathered leather bags, and it is impossible to know whether it is good or bad. Jade that needs to be cut is called gambling stone. The jadeites produced by the old factory are all skinned, but the water stone jadeite produced by the river bed is also the jadeite of the old factory, with thin skin or no skin. Most jadeites produced by the new factory have no skin, while those produced by the slope layer have skin. The thickness of the epidermis mainly depends on the weathering degree. The higher the weathering degree, the thicker the epidermis. A piece of jadeite raw material has a colored skin and a good surface. When you cut the first knife, you see green, but when you cut the second knife, it may disappear. This is also common. Where you leave the jade mine, the gambling rate is only one in ten thousand (referring to pigments), and the probability of gambling in the jade mine is much higher. Bet on a handful of jade and get rich overnight, but most of them end in failure. Advise people who play with jade to be careful when betting on stones.
There are two kinds of raw stones of jadeite: mountain materials and clay materials.
Mountain materials are directly collected from jade mines, with no skin, irregular shape, many cracks, rough and loose structure and poor quality, so they are not gambling stones.
In the material, that is, the gravel of jade. This is formed when jadeite, a kind of rock, rolled down the hillside after weathering and crushing and was brought into ravines or rivers by floods or rivers. According to the quality of jadeite and the thickness of skin, raw materials can be divided into three types: water, soil and water returning to sand. In the process of rolling transportation, the edges and corners of jadeite raw ore fragments are rounded, and the original cracked or loose parts are worn off or collapsed. At the same time, the surface is weathered into skins with different thicknesses, so that jade fragments become approximately round or oval gravel wrapped by skins. Gravel is large and small, with thousands or even tens of thousands of tons, as small as a thumb.
All the raw materials have a layer of skin with different thickness, and the depth of the skin is different. This is because when the epidermis is formed by surface weathering and erosion, the impurities contained in the epidermis are different and the external geological environment is different, so the color of the epidermis is also diversified. The basic colors of jadeite skin are white, yellow, red, brown, brown, gray and black. Generally, the color is light, and the color boundary is not obvious, but it is often manifested as: pale white, grayish white, yellow white, light yellow, khaki, beige, dark yellow, yellow red and so on.
In the jade raw material trading market, most of them are raw materials, that is, jade gravel. Because there is a weathering crust on the gravel surface, we can't see the inside. People can only infer the quality of jadeite in gambling stones according to the characteristics of the crust and local "gates" and their own experience. This makes it difficult to identify the quality of jade raw materials in the transaction of jade raw materials. This kind of transaction is quite similar to gambling, so people call jadeite raw materials with skins gambling stones, gambling materials or gambling goods, which is also called gambling stones. Since it is gambling, no one can be sure to win, even experienced experts will inevitably get the wrong idea, and the risk is considerable. However, the * * * nature of gambling, the mystery of gambling and the interest of gambling soon drove many people to engage in gambling stone industry. So some people get rich overnight, and they can instantly become millionaires from street hooligans; Some people can go bankrupt in an instant, from a millionaire to a pauper. This happens all the time.
The essentials of gambling on stones and the withdrawal of factories
Gambling of jadeite jade
No one can see what is in the unopened jadeite except the shape, weight and appearance. Only by cutting can we have a real conclusion. People who bet on stones repeatedly guess and judge according to their own experience and performance on the leather shell. When two or more people put forward different opinions, they will gamble and cut stones, which is called "cutting stones" or "cutting stones" in the industry. After cutting, a good water green color appears, which is called "rising" and vice versa. Gambling stones is a concrete manifestation of gambling financial resources, wisdom, courage and personality.
Types of gambling stones
1, gambling fog is a film with different thickness between the outer skin and the bottom chapter. Fog should be thin and transparent, mainly betting on white fog and yellow fog. Mist is wrong and you lose.
2. Gambling mainly depends on the entrance, because the stones at each entrance are different. If you bet on the wrong entrance, you may lose.
3, gambling cracking mainly bets on whether the stone is cracked, and if it is cracked, it will lose.
4, the meaning of the bottom is the bottom chapter, the term is called meat head, mainly the cleanliness and thickness of the bottom, if the bottom is thick, black and messy, even if the bet is lost.
5. Bet on the color in the jade meat. Without color, you lose. The main bet is that the color is green, and the green is green. The more you think about it, the more you want to live.
Gambling method
1. Rubbing stones is an ancient law with good effect and safety ... >>
Question 7: Brief introduction of Nanjing salted duck specialty in the south of the Yangtze River
Salted duck is a famous specialty in Nanjing, with a long history of 1000 years. Nanjing salted duck can be cooked all year round, and the curing and re-marinating cycle is short. Now it's sold, bought and eaten, so it shouldn't be stored for long.
This kind of duck skin is white and tender, fat but not greasy, fragrant and delicious, with the characteristics of fragrance, crispness and tenderness. The salted duck around the Mid-Autumn Festival every year has the best color and taste, because the duck is made in the season when osmanthus is in full bloom, so it is called "osmanthus duck".
"White Door Recipe" records: "In August in Jinling, salted duck is the most famous, and everyone thinks that there is osmanthus fragrance in the meat." Sweet-scented osmanthus duck is a good wine with clear thinking, strong purpose and long-term appetite. On holidays or working days, it seems to have become a secular etiquette in Nanjing for tourists from home to go out and buy a bowl of salted duck.
yuhua pebbles
Nanjing specialty, rich in Yuhuatai, Juhuatai and other places. According to research, the first-class rain flower stone is a kind of agate.
According to legend, during the Southern Dynasties in Liang Wudi, Master Guang Yun, a monk, gave a lecture at Lion Hill and was moved by the sound of rain. Rain fell into the ground and became countless pebbles as big as eggs and as small as broad beans, hence the name Yuhuashi, and Shishan was renamed Yuhuatai.
Rainflower stones are all kinds of gravel produced by Yuhuatai, which have been rounded by running water. The main components are hard rocks such as sandstone, quartzite, siliceous rock and igneous rock, as well as minerals such as quartz, chalcedony and opal. The former has no bright color; The chemical components of the latter, such as timely and chalcedony, are silica. Common colors are white, milky white and yellow. There are also red, purple, green, rose and black. There are also concentric, circular and spotted agates composed of stripes of different colors.
Some rare rain flower stones are magnificent, and the hazy transparency seems to contain mountains and rivers, clouds, flowers and birds, fish and insects, ghosts and gods, and the patterns are similar to those of Pig Bajie and the Monkey King, which are more praised by the world.
People often "raise" the rain flower stone in a basin and put it on the desk as an ornamental. Folk artists in Nanjing also cut the rain flower stones into various works of art, and nature and labor are integrated.
Yuhua Tea
Yuhua tea is a specialty of Nanjing and one of the top ten famous teas in China. The shape is round and green, the lines are tight and straight, the front seedlings are graceful, and the white hairs are like pine needles, which symbolizes the heroic image of the revolutionary martyrs who are indomitable and last forever, hence the name Yuhua Tea.
Yuhua tea mainly grows in the suburbs of Nanjing, and has strict requirements on raw material selection and technological operation. Before Grain Rain, young leaves with buds and leaves 2.5-3 cm long were collected, and four processes were carried out: enzyme fixation, rolling, shaping and baking. The whole process is done by hand. Yuhua tea has good color, fragrance, taste and shape. After brewing, it is green and clear, with elegant aroma, mellow taste and sweet aftertaste. It has the effects of quenching thirst, refreshing, promoting digestion and diuresis, relieving asthma and resolving phlegm, and relieving boredom. Best-selling overseas since 1966. In Japan and Southeast Asia, people give yuhua tea as a precious gift to relatives and friends.
Nanjing dried salted duck
Nanjing salted duck is famous at home and abroad. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there were "ancient academies, glass pagodas, dark satin and salted ducks" circulating in Nanjing. It can be seen that Nanjing salted duck has long been famous for its folk songs. Dried salted duck is salted with brine, which can be divided into two types: salted duck and spring salted duck. Because its meat is tender and firm, like a plate, it is named dried salted duck. The production technology of Nanjing salted duck has a history of more than 600 years. In Qing dynasty, local officials always chose new salted duck with better quality to pay tribute to the royal family, so it was also called "tribute duck". During the exchange of visits, court officials gave each other salted ducks as gifts, so they were also called "official salted ducks". It is a favorite dish of Jinling people, so it has the reputation of "six dynasties flavor" and "a hundred delicious dishes". The salted duck is full of color, flavor and flavor. The laity is full, fat and white, the meat is tender and tight, and the food is crisp and fragrant.
Nanjing duck gizzard
Nanjing duck gizzard is one of the famous local products in Nanjing, which has been sold well at home and abroad for more than 200 years. Nanjing duck gizzards are oblate in appearance, compact in meat and easy to carry. The meat is firm, tough and chewy, with a long taste and no greasy feeling. This is a delicious food for all ages. Dried duck gizzard is a treasure given to relatives and friends by Nanjing people, and it is also a good product for drinking tea with meals. It is oblate, dense in meat, easy to store and carry, delicious and refreshing, and it is everyone's favorite.
Nanjing Du Xiang
Nanjing fragrant belly is one of the famous specialties in Nanjing, which was founded in Tongzhi period of Qing Dynasty. Its shape is like an apple, petite and exquisite, commonly known as "small belly" in old Nanjing. Its meat is firm, red and white, fragrant and tender, slightly sweet. It is not only a famous dish at the banquet, but also a good seasoning in daily life. Nanjing Du Xiang is said to have a history of 120 years, which was famous all over the country during Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty. Apple-shaped, easy to carry, skin as thin as cicada, tender meat, red and white, unique flavor. This is a famous dish and also ... >>
Question 8: Rainflower Stone Information People like the colorful rain stones unearthed in Lingyan Mountain in Liuhe County, Qinglong Mountain in Yizheng County, Yuhuatai in Nanjing and Jiangpu County. Why are the yuhua stones produced in these areas so exquisite, colorful and radiant? There is also a beautiful and touching legend in it. According to legend, the three sons of Beihai Longyuan, Qinglong and Huanglong, are kind-hearted and do not forget the drought and flood of the people. One spring, just as the farmer was plowing and sowing, the sky was dry without dew and the earth was dry and cracked. Farmers' hearts are burning. They helped the old and the young, and prayed to the Dragon King of the East China Sea to make it rain. Ao Guang, the Dragon King of the East China Sea, will not only pay homage to three pigs in each village, but also pay homage to ninety-nine boys and girls. Farmers would rather die of drought than throw their own flesh and blood into the sea and die in Longkou! Linglong, Qinglong and Huanglong were indignant when they learned that it was impossible to rain in Ao Guang and that farmers were being squeezed. As soon as the three brothers came together, they decided to let the law rain and save thousands of farmers from suffering. Just as the three brothers were crossing the East China Sea, they met Xiao Bailong, Prince of Aoguang III who was patrolling the sea. This guy is full of gold and jade, and he is arrogant. Seeing that the three brothers were in a hurry, he crossed his hands, took a sip with disdain and asked, "Where are you in a hurry, beast?" In a rage, Qinglong and Huanglong replied politely, "Some incompetent people have to go out in the rain to save people ..." Little White Dragon thought, Oh, you have to do what I don't do. Didn't you mean to take the fat from Lao Tzu? ! The more he thinks about it, the angrier he gets. While cursing "the dog drives the mouse out", he raised his steel fork and stabbed Linglong's head. The exquisite faucet was one-sided, and the little white dragon stabbed the air. Suddenly, with a scream, he turned around and stabbed Linglong in the head again. Linglong stepped forward to hold the steel fork in the hand of Xiaobailong. Once again, he gently advised, "Don't expect anything from the Third Prince. We should make use of the people. " Little white dragon didn't listen to a word. He held out his hand and gave the dragon a forked handle. My teeth bared in pain and my eyes sparkled. The fierce dragon couldn't bear it, opened his mouth like a clam and swallowed a little white dragon in one gulp. After that, the three brothers went on a rainy day trip ... Ao Guang was so angry when he heard the bad news, but he didn't dare to get even with the three brothers. He went to a worse place and bowed down before the Jade Emperor. When the Jade Emperor heard that Linglong had swallowed the little white dragon, he was frightened. Hearing the story of Ao Guang, he quickly sent King Tota Li Tian and other heavenly soldiers to catch the three brothers who were raining. The Jade Emperor flew into a rage when he saw the three Linglong brothers. He caught them and threw them at the lower boundary. Linglong fell to the southeast of Liuhe City, Qinglong fell to the southwest of Yizheng County, and Huanglong fell to Jiangning County. Qinglong is in Jiangbei and Huanglong is in Jiangnan. They often stick their heads into the Yangtze River to drink water. This year, Xiao Qin Wang rushed to the front of Qinglong nose to fill the sea. When he was drinking water, he saw two dragons grow straight into the river. He thought, Honey, it's always so long. In the future, two dragons will meet. Isn't it necessary to block the Yangtze River and tide? This is not bad! Thought of here, Xiao Qin Wang pulled out his sword and inserted it into Qinglong's nostrils. Suddenly, blood gushed out ... (later it became a clear spring, still flowing. ) In the exquisite intestines and stomach, Xiaobailong has been painstakingly nourished by exquisite gastric juice. After years of sun and night dew, wind and rain carving, and refined by the sun and the moon, it has gained the spirit of all things. The scales, blood, tendons, bones, flesh, liver, gall bladder and intestines of the little white dragon have all become raindrops with different shapes, colorful images and fascinating images. When Xiao Qinyu's sword * * * Qinglong's nostrils, it shocked Linglong, who was already lying down, and the latter was eager to rescue him. As he spoke, he got up and suddenly made a profit. Who knows that the rain flower stone mountain in Linglong's stomach is endless and heavy, which breaks Linglong's stomach and makes the rain flower stone flow down like a waterfall in the mountain. Eager to save the exquisiteness of Qinglong, I just want to fly away. He started from the southeast of Liuhe City, passing through Changshan, Hongshan, Fangshan, Naishan and baimashan in Liuhe, until the location of Yizheng Qinglong. When I arrived at the blue dragon head, I saw the small sword shining silver and chilling, and I was so anxious that I turned around and turned around. His circle will pass through Huanglong Mountain, Yuhuatai, Jiangpu and Liuhe, and then turn to Qinglong Voldemort. In this way, he made seven or eight sharp turns in a row, and the rain stones flying around in his stomach fluctuated like raindrops. However, it is like rain instead of rain, red, orange, yellow, green, blue and purple, real red, green and green, like flowers ... >>
Question 9: There are green beans on the brown stones in the pit. Tell me what kind of conglomerate this is. Round and sub-round gravels with a particle size greater than 2 mm account for more than 30% of the total rock mass. Debris in conglomerate is mainly rock debris, only a small amount of mineral debris, and interstitial materials are sand, silt, clay and chemical precipitation. Gravel and pebble with good roundness are cemented to form conglomerate; Breccia is cemented by breccia and gravel.
Question 10: What is the definition of "three oils and two felts"?
It is a roofing waterproof coiled material, which consists of two layers of linoleum and three layers of hot asphalt. It is called two-felt and three-oil waterproof layer, or two-felt and three-oil waterproof layer for short.
brief introduction
Two-felt and three-oil waterproof layer is a five-layer roofing waterproofing membrane widely used in 1980s and 1990s, which has been eliminated and can be used as a non-permanent roofing waterproof layer for simple buildings.
The practice is: first brush a cold primer on the leveling layer, then brush hot asphalt or asphalt glue (or cold coating), spread linoleum, and overlap several layers. Generally, the roof is paved with two layers of linoleum and brushed with three layers of asphalt, which is called "two felts and three oils". "Three Felts and Four Oils" can be used for roofs with high requirements or parts that are easy to leak, or in cold areas. Usually the last layer of hot asphalt is covered with a layer of pisolite, coarse sand or gravel as a protective layer. The master's roof should be paved with roof bricks and concrete blocks.
-Such an old habit. What about now?