Pomegranate is distributed in some parts of China. The famous edible pomegranate is the pomegranate in Lintong, Shaanxi, which tastes sweet and has a white skin. Particles are like snow and jade, juicy and sweet. There are red sour pomegranates, the seeds are water red and crystal red, and the taste is sour. There are also green shell pomegranate in Mengzi county, Yunnan province, green pomegranate in Sichuan province, soft seed pomegranate in Zaozhuang, Shandong province, white seed sugar pomegranate in Huaiyuan, Anhui province, and rouge pomegranate in Guangxi.
Question 2: What kind of pomegranate is delicious? There are about 120 pomegranate varieties in China, including more than 100 edible varieties and more than 10 ornamental varieties. In the long-term production process, each producing area has formed a unique representative variety. (1) Daqingpi field: it is the main cultivated variety in Yicheng, Shandong Province, accounting for more than 80% of the total local cultivation. The fruit is oblate, with a single fruit weight of 400,600g and a maximum fruit weight of 65,438+520g. The fruit surface is yellow-green, with a blush on the sunny side. The seeds are pink or bright red, weighing 3044 grams, sweet and juicy, with soluble solids content of 14 ― 15.5%, and the highest quality. Mature in the middle of September, resistant to storage and transportation. This variety has high tree height, strong tree potential, high yield and strong adaptability. However, the small branches in the bore are easy to die, and the phenomenon of bare legs of large branches is obvious. Perennial branches tend to bend and droop after fruiting. (2) Soft-seeded pomegranate: produced in Yicheng, Shandong. The fruit is spherical, with a single fruit weight of 2 10-430g and a maximum fruit weight of 500g g. The fruit surface is yellow-green, and the sunny side is red. The seeds are white or pink. Sweet taste, containing soluble solids 10 13%, and above average quality. Mature in late August. This tree is small and weak. Branch disorder, less acupuncture. (3) Taishan Red Pomegranate: produced in Taian, Shandong Province, and bred by shandong institute of pomology. The fruit is nearly round or oblate, with a single fruit weight of 400-450g and a maximum fruit weight of 750g. The fruit surface is bright red, smooth and shiny, and its appearance is extremely beautiful. The seeds are bright red, large and thick, with an average weight of 54 grams. The taste is sweet and slightly sour, containing soluble solids 17 19%, and the flavor quality is excellent. Mature from late September to early June, 10, relatively resistant to storage and transportation. The tree is tall and strong, bears early fruits, and has high and stable yield, drought resistance and barren tolerance. (4) Tian Hong eggs: produced in Lintong, Shaanxi. The fruit is oblate and spherical, with a single fruit weight of 250-350g and a maximum fruit weight of 600g. The fruit surface is yellow and white with pink or red rosy clouds, which is smooth and beautiful. The seeds are pink, weighing 26.4 grams, sweet and juicy, containing soluble solids 14 16%, with good quality. Mature in the first half of September. Large crown, strong tree body, barren resistance, drought resistance and cold resistance. When it rains during the harvest season, fruits crack easily.
Question 3: What kinds of pomegranate trees are there? All kinds of pomegranate trees:
1. Small-fruit pomegranate is a small shrub, and the individual plant can grow to 1~ 1.5 meters. The light requirement is not very strict, so it is very suitable for indoor cultivation (especially in sunny places), and is often used as a bonsai, which is the best variety of potted plants.
2. Large fruit type, including flower pomegranate and fruit pomegranate. Both flower pomegranate and fruit pomegranate have ornamental functions; This kind of pomegranate usually has tall plants, often small trees or trees, and flower buds are formed, which requires strict light. Suitable for outdoor potted plants or ground planting (ground planting is the best), and some varieties can be 3~5 meters long.
If there is peony pomegranate in the fruit pomegranate, it is a double-petal variety, and the fruit is sweet and suitable for viewing and eating.
Among the flower pomegranates, there are ink pomegranates for fruit viewing. When the fruit is ripe, the color of the peel turns purple-black, which is very beautiful. This pomegranate has a red flower.
There is also a rose pomegranate with small fruit shape and double petals. Long flowering period and proper maintenance. It is also possible to have flowers all year round at the right temperature.
Question 4: What pomegranate is suitable for potted pomegranate?
Potted pomegranate with bright red flowers, beautiful fruit and red agate seeds is edible. Each pomegranate pot can produce 1.5-2 Jin of fruit. The main points of cultivation are as follows:
First, choose varieties. Choose varieties with beautiful flowers and fruits, such as pink sweet pomegranate, agate pomegranate, white pomegranate, red shell pomegranate, four-season pomegranate, soft seed pomegranate and so on.
2. Pot selection and soil distribution flowerpots are made of soil pots, wooden barrels and wooden cases, with a diameter of 30-40 cm and a depth of 30-35 cm. Nutrient soil preparation: humus or humus 7 parts, peat soil 2 parts, sand 1 part. All kinds of soil are crushed, sieved, mixed evenly, stacked, covered with branches or other flammable materials, and ignited, which not only increases the plant ash, but also plays a role in treating soil at high temperature.
Third, seedling cultivation pomegranate seedlings can be propagated by cutting and layering. Cutting seedlings require cutting robust 1 year-old branches from the mother tree, which are full and stout, with full bud eyes, with a diameter of 0.5 cm and a cutting length of about 20 cm. They can take root and sprout in about 20 days at 20-25℃ by cutting them in sandy soil or other loose substrates and keeping them moist.
4. Transplant the seedlings into flowerpots. Transplant seedlings in the middle and late March, put tiles on the drainage holes at the bottom of the basin before planting, and fill some nutrient soil at the bottom of the basin. Put the seedlings in a pot, cover the soil for cultivation, lift the seedlings up a few times by hand, water them, and cover the soil after seepage. The filler in the basin should be 5 cm below the edge of the basin. Then put the flowerpot in a sunny place to increase humidity and promote root growth.
Five, post-planting management 1, fertilizer and water. Pomegranate likes fertilizer, so it is advisable to use a variety of base fertilizers, and then apply some organic fertilizers after falling leaves in autumn and winter, and chase the quick-acting fertilizers before and after falling leaves. Potted pomegranate should not be fertilized too much each time because of the limited pot soil. Commonly used fertilizers are mainly organic fertilizers such as cake fertilizer and fermented liquid fertilizer. From May to August, dilute liquid fertilizer should be applied once a week, but the amount and frequency of fertilization should be reduced during flowering, and phosphate fertilizer should be applied to facilitate flowering. Spraying 0.5% urea, 1% calcium superphosphate leaching solution, 0.3% boric acid and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate on leaves at flowering stage can obviously promote flowers and increase fruits. Potted pomegranate has strong drought resistance, but the pot soil is easy to dry, so it should be watered in time. Generally, the flowerpot is placed upside down and watered once, once every 3-5 days in full bloom and once every 2-3 days in full bloom. Be careful not to spray water on the leaves from top to bottom, so as not to wash away pollen and affect fruit setting. Water every 65,438+0-2 days in the fruit expansion period, and don't spray water on the leaves from top to bottom in the later growth period. If there is water in the basin after rain, the basin should be tilted for drainage. Water should be watered before winter. 2. Sparse flowers and fruits. Potted pomegranate blooms a lot. From late April to mid-June, it is necessary to pinch off the degenerated buds and the thin trumpet-shaped flowers in the ovary one by one. Generally, fruit thinning will eliminate pests and deformed fruits. 3. Assisted pollination. Pomegranate has a long flowering period and is artificially pollinated in late May. It is best to pollinate at 8- 1 1 on a sunny morning, and pollinate tubular flowers with bell-shaped flowers that have just opened. Spraying mixed solution of 0. 1-0.2% borax, 0.5% urea or rare earth micro-fertilizer from early flowering stage to full flowering stage can obviously improve fruit setting rate.
Sixth, shaping and pruning potted pomegranate has the characteristics of tight branches and dense leaves. The dormancy period can be pruned once, and it can be integrated into a single stem round head type, a multi-stem cluster or a flat top type.
Young trees are mainly pruned by single stem or multiple stems. The stem height of small pomegranate is 10-20cm, with 3-5 main branches, and a proper amount of fruiting mother branches are distributed on them to make the tree shape natural. Pruning is mainly based on slow growth, cutting off roots and seedlings, pulling branches and opening corners to facilitate civilized fruit setting.
So, the tree was pruned, and according to the shape of the tree, the dense branches, dead branches and pests were removed. Because pomegranate mixed buds are born at or near the top of strong short branches, these branches should be kept and not chopped. For longer branches, 2-3 buds can be left at the base and then cut to control the tree shape and promote the growth and fruiting of mother branches.
Seven, pest control pomegranate such as dry rot, sooty blotch, can cut off the diseased branches and burn. The main pest was peach fruit borer, and 50% dichlorvos was sprayed with 500- 1000 times solution during the incubation period; From early June to early July, the larvae were sprayed with 2000 times of pyrethroid solution before eating fruit, and other leaf-eating pests were also treated; After fruit setting, 500 grams of dry fine soil can be mixed with 5 grams of phoxim emulsion, and appropriate amount of water can be added to make medicinal mud for control.
Eight, overwintering in winter, potted pomegranate is placed in a sunny shed, and the room temperature does not exceed 5 C, keeping normal dormancy.
Pomegranate bonsai's production
Pomegranate tree is light-loving, drought-tolerant, cold-resistant and soilless, which is very suitable for potted plants. Its variety is small pomegranate ... >>
Question 5: Where is pomegranate suitable for planting? The requirements for soil are not strict. It can grow normally in slightly acidic and slightly alkaline soil, but the planting place must be sunny and well ventilated, so that pomegranate can bloom brightly, bear more fruits and have strong fragrance.
Question 6: The name of the pomegranate tree with the largest fruit in the world is 1. Pomegranate is a sunny positive plant. It likes sunshine and is afraid of humidity. Potted pomegranate should be placed in a sunny place, and there should be sufficient light throughout the growing season. As long as there is no shortage of water, pomegranate is not afraid of strong light. Insufficient light will inevitably affect the growth of plants, and then affect the gestation, flowering and fruiting of flower buds.
2. Control flowers to promote growth. Sometimes the new seedlings can blossom and bear fruit in the same year. Small saplings should first promote growth and form a solid tree body, so as to bear the burden of bearing fruit in the future. Premature flowering and fruiting are not conducive to the growth of trees, so it is necessary to erase the flower buds a few years ago to make the trees strong. After growing into a thick tree, leave less flowers and less fruits. It is not advisable to leave too much fruit in the future. Too much nutrition is not easy to grow taller, which will seriously affect the growth in the coming year.
Considering the shape of the tree, pruning should not be done roughly in the first few years. After 3 ~ 4 years, do a rough pruning before dormancy in late autumn and a plastic pruning before germination in the next spring. The mother branches that affect the tree can also be pruned. After flowering and fruit setting, some new delicate branches and introverted branches should also be pruned in time.
4. Pick fruits in time. After late autumn, the temperature dropped obviously, the green leaves turned yellow and began to fall, and the fruits hung on the branches. It is best to pick fruits during dormancy and after the Spring Festival at the latest, so as to reduce the nutrient consumption of fruit branches and be beneficial to early branches and long leaves in spring.
5. Fertilization should be reasonable. Pomegranate is barren-tolerant but fat-loving, so it should be planted on loose, breathable and fertile sandy loam. During the growth period, thin fertilizer should be applied frequently, mainly phosphorus and potassium, and nitrogen fertilizer should not be applied more, so as to avoid the excessive growth of branches and leaves affecting flowering and fruit setting. In addition, applying enough concentrated fertilizer before defoliation in late autumn can promote germination, branching and rapid growth in the coming year.
6. Control water during the fruit period. Pomegranate is not strict with water and can resist short-term drought. As long as the basin soil has good water permeability, it has little effect on water. Only when the water is big, the branches and leaves will grow white, the fruit will fall at the beginning, and the epidermis will crack after the fruit matures, which will affect the ornamental value. Therefore, it is necessary to control the water of fruiting plants properly.
7, the flowering period must be windproof pomegranate fruit is the most taboo wind, especially the wind increases the rain, which is very harmful, the light part is lost, and the heavy one is gone. Therefore, preventive measures must be taken during the fruit-setting period to ensure that the fruit is safe and sound.
Question 7: When will pomegranate trees be planted? About half a month before the pomegranate tree germinates in spring (mid-March), it is the best planting opportunity and the highest survival rate.
Question 8: When is the best time to plant pomegranate trees? This is a deciduous tree. The survival rate is the highest when there is no leaf in March-April.
Question 9: How to plant pomegranate tree Pomegranate is the king of fruit, which has both edible value and medicinal value, and is suitable for both field planting and courtyard cultivation. Pomegranate trees are drought-tolerant, warm and light-loving, and high temperature is needed for fruit development and maturity, and low temperature is not strict during hibernation; In the growing season, more water is needed; The requirements for soil are not strict, and the application scope is wide. Flat land, mountainous area and sandy land can be planted, but sandy soil or loam with deep and fertile soil layer and rich organic matter and slightly alkaline soil with good drainage are suitable.
Pomegranate is a long-lived and adaptable tree species. In order to obtain high-quality and high-yield products for a long time and obtain high economic benefits year after year, it is necessary to select excellent varieties and carry out reasonable cultivation management according to the requirements of pomegranate tree species on environmental conditions.
I. Spring management
Spring management is the foundation of a year. After spring, the soil began to thaw and pomegranate roots began to grow for the first time. We should do the following work well: first, fertilize in spring, irrigate in spring when it is dry, accumulate nutrients and enhance tree potential; Second, continue to do a good job in clearing the garden that was not completed last year; The third is to do a good job of pruning branches.
1. Water and fertilizer management
From the end of February to the beginning of March, the germination-promoting fertilizer (germination fertilizer), which is mainly nitrogen fertilizer, is mainly applied to provide sufficient fertilizer for germination, so that the leaves can spread out quickly after germination, promote flowering and improve the fruit-setting rate.
As the temperature rises, cultivated land should pay attention to moisture conservation to prevent spring drought. At this time, the root system of pomegranate tree has begun to move, the juice has begun to flow, and the aboveground part is about to sprout, which is a critical period of water demand. Before germination in spring, water should be watered once in combination with fertilization. Germination water is of great significance for improving germination uniformity and promoting the rapid growth of organs in early spring. When the surface layer of soil is slightly dry, weeding and loosening the soil once will make the fertilizer and soil better combine and play a role, and make the trees grow vigorously.
2. Continue to clean the garden
After spring germination, all the dead branches, branches scattered on the ground and fallen leaves in the orchard were burned. Plant protectants can be used to spray trunks and branches to keep warm, disinfect and prevent frost, prevent overwintering bacteria from landing on trees, restore the life command system of trees and wake up early.
pollard
Pruning pomegranate trees in spring is carried out in the bud stage from germination to flowering, usually from late April to late May. At this time, the flower buds of the fruiting mother branch have sprouted fruiting branches and buds. The main task of pruning is to adjust the ratio of fruit branches to nutrient branches. You also need to prune branches of pests and diseases, which can be done at the same time as thinning buds. At the same time, the dense sprouting buds, stems, tillers and sprouting branches above and below the main branches should be erased to facilitate ventilation and light transmission and save nutrition.
Second, summer management
After entering May, the leaf area of the crown has been formed, the photosynthetic capacity of the leaves is increasing day by day, and the buds are becoming more and more obvious. Flowering begins in the middle period and blooms in large quantities in the later period. The first batch of flowers are mainly leafy branches and short branches, and the side flowers open late. The nutrition competition of trees is fierce, and the opening of a large number of degraded flowers is a great threat to fruit setting. Foliar fertilizer should be sprayed in time, combined with fruits and vegetables, and irrigated when necessary to ensure water supply in the early growth stage. Generally, it is sprayed once before flowering, once in young fruit period and once in fruit expansion period for the best effect. It can not only promote flowers and strengthen pedicels, but also protect flowers, fruits, fruits from falling.
June is the full flowering period of pomegranate trees, and protecting flowers and fruits is the center. We must control overgrowth. We can keep trees strong by pinching, twisting, thinning and pulling branches, and cut off dense, overgrown and diseased branches. Summer pruning should grasp the opportunity. Generally, girdling and girdling have the best effect from late May to early June. However, traditional girdling and girdling methods do great harm to pomegranate trees. In order to solve this problem, after the ring cutting, the ring cut can be coated with the flower-promoting king No.2 (a northern product), which can make the wound heal quickly, control the tip, protect the flowers, effectively prevent the fruit from cracking and completely eliminate aging. There is relatively more rainfall this month, but pomegranate trees like drought and fear waterlogging. In case of continuous rain, we should do a good job in the drainage of pomegranate garden, so that pomegranate garden can produce high-yield and high-quality fruits in the case of drought and flood.
In July, young fruits began to swell, and water and fertilizer management was strengthened. During the fruit expansion period, when topdressing, apply appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer, more phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, mainly ternary compound fertilizer, to promote the rapid growth of young fruits, promote the formation of flower buds at the same time, irrigate after fertilization, replenish water, and prevent dried fruits and fruit drop. Fruits continue to grow in August to prevent pests and diseases. Pomegranate dry rot can be sprayed with 1: 1: 200 times Bordeaux solution or 700 times solution of 50% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder and 800 times solution of 25% benomyl EC. The main pests are peach moth and peach moth, which enter the peak period from early July to early August and can be sprayed with 40% mancozeb. & gt
Question 10: What pomegranate tree is better to plant in the north? I plan to buy one online, but there are too many varieties. The score is 10. At present, the most popular pomegranate on the market is iron pomegranate, which is big and sweet. Many people in Huaiyuan County, Anhui Province also choose to plant iron pomegranate.