The vegetative growth period is 1 ~ 3 years after Zanthoxylum bungeanum planting, which is the key to Zanthoxylum bungeanum cultivation. Grasp the pruning time and techniques throughout the year, realize fine management, and lay the foundation for promoting the sustainable growth of pepper production.

Dinggan

The fixed stem height varies with varieties, site conditions, cultivation methods and planting density. The site conditions are poor, the planting density is high, and the trunk should be slightly shorter, otherwise it should be slightly higher. Usually, it is dried from mid-May to early June, and the drying height is 40~50 cm from the ground.

When fixing the stem, it is required that there are 4 ~ 5 complete buds in the range of 10~ 15 cm below the incision. After the seedlings germinate, 3-4 new buds are selected as the main branches of culture. From mid-June 65438+ 10 to February 65438+2, the tree structure was cultivated by pinching branches and changing their angles.

The first year of plastic surgery and pruning

Under good fertilizer and water management conditions, the main branches of young trees can grow to 50~ 100 cm in mid-May. At this time, 3 ~ 5 lateral branches can be initially selected from each main branch, and the selected lateral branches will be shortened by 30 ~ 40 cm from late May to mid-June.

All the other branches are cut off, leaving 3-5 1 side branches for the new buds sprouting on the short-cut main branches as the fruiting branch group. When the new branches grow to more than l meters, gently pull them, or pull (press) them in June+February 5438 to control their growth.

Fertilizer management?

Reaming and fertilizing?

After the soil is thawed in early spring, dig the soil around the root system of Zanthoxylum bungeanum for 30 ~ 50 cm, and apply about 30 kg of organic fertilizer to each Zanthoxylum bungeanum. It is best to choose some pig manure or cattle manure as organic fertilizer. ?

Fertilization during flowering and fruiting?

Generally, pepper begins to germinate in late March, buds appear in mid-April, and pepper blooms in early May. Generally, pepper begins to blossom in mid-May. At this time, if we don't keep up with the management of fertilizer and water in time, a large number of flowers and fruits will fall. In order to protect flowers and fruits, the following measures should be taken: first, spraying 10mg and kg gibberellin on the leaves of Zanthoxylum bungeanum in full bloom.

Then spraying 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate +0.5% urea aqueous solution in full bloom and full bloom; Then spraying 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate +0.7% urea aqueous solution on pepper every 10 day; Finally, in April and late May, in order to prevent the phenomenon of falling flowers, water should be released in time. ?

Fertilize the fruit in time after harvest?

After the fruit is picked in late July, Zanthoxylum bungeanum can be fertilized in a tree tray flush with the crown through a belt ditch, a ring ditch or a radial ditch. Dig a ditch with a depth of 50~60cm and a width of 50 ~ 60 cm, and determine the length of the ditch according to the age of the tree and the amount of fertilization. After ditching, corn or straw mixed with manure, chicken manure and phosphate fertilizer is buried in the ditch.

Among them, corn can be whole or crushed, and then the mixed fertilizer can be stabilized and watered. Generally speaking, when fertilizing each pepper tree, 30-50kg of straw, 50-60kg of organic fertilizer, 3-5kg of phosphate fertilizer and 2kg of ammonium bicarbonate, or adding a proper amount of "bird's nest microbial fertilizer" can accelerate the decay rate of straw, which is very beneficial to the absorption of fruit trees. ?

Extended data:

Prune pepper

Pruning of Zanthoxylum bungeanum trees is usually carried out from the time of harvest to the time of budding in the following spring. Pruning in pepper picking season is the best, which is beneficial to improving light conditions, accumulating nutrients, having abundant flower buds, relaxing tree vigor and not easily sprouting branches.

Trim at the beginning of the result

Zanthoxylum bungeanum began to bear fruit in the third year, and generally a certain yield was formed from the first fruit to the sixth year. This period is the initial stage of fruit. The pruning of backbone branches is mainly based on natural happy tree structure, and the main skeleton is formed through fertilizer and water management. Auxiliary branches should be cut lightly and put slowly, and the configuration of bearing branches should be staggered with large, medium and small branches to maximize the bearing capacity.

Pruning at full fruit stage

Zanthoxylum bungeanum generally enters the early stage of full fruit after 6-7 years of planting, and enters the full fruit stage with the highest yield around 10. The main task of pruning is to keep the tree robust and stable, and continue to cultivate and adjust various fruiting branches. Pruning is mainly based on shortening pruning, combining thinning with shrinkage, combining thinning with strength retention, combining thinning with large retention, and paying attention to adjusting growth direction.