Plaque is a colorless soft tissue that adheres to the surface of teeth, and it is usually impossible to observe the attachment site of plaque. Plaque stain can stain colonies, which is convenient for observation, so it is considered as an index of plaque control. There are two dosage forms: liquid and tablet.
1. Use of liquid dyes
(1) coating method: apply a cotton ball to the tooth surface with liquid, let it stand for one minute, and then rinse it, and the plaque will appear.
(2) Tongue drop method: drop 4-6 drops of liquid on the patient's tongue tip, let the patient lick the teeth in each area with the tongue tip for one minute, then rinse the mouth and observe the stained plaque.
2. How to use a tablet computer
Let the patient crush the tablets, then stir them with his tongue to make the tooth surface contact with the medicine, then rinse his mouth and observe the stained plaque.
3. Plaque observation
Dyed teeth can show the location and range of plaque attachment. Patients can observe dental plaque on the front (labial side and buccal side) and back (lingual side and palatal side) of teeth with a mirror or plastic oral mirror. After brushing, check the reduction of plaque after brushing. If the stained plaque is not clean, brush your teeth again or use other tools until the plaque is completely eliminated.
(2) Records and information feedback of plaque control
The plaque control record card designed by 0Leary is widely used in the world.
1. recording method
Including the method of filling in the record card.
(1) If there is dental plaque, you can fill in "-"in the box of the relevant part of the card.
(2) Teeth that have not erupted or have been extracted are indicated by "X".
2. Calculation method
(1) Total number of teeth checked ×4= number of tooth surfaces.
(2) Number of dental surfaces with plaque/Number of dental surfaces × 100= plaque percentage.
Doctors should constantly analyze the presentation of the plaque record card according to the information reflected by the plaque record card, and point out the most easily preserved parts of the plaque and the methods to strengthen the removal. If the index of plaque control can reach below 20%, it will be basically controlled.
(3) plaque control method
1. physical method
(1) Brushing teeth is the main method to remove dental plaque. Choosing a healthy toothbrush and the correct brushing method can remove dental plaque and also exert its massaging effect on gums. The ultimate goal is to brush off dental plaque to the limit, especially to remove dental plaque from the neck.
(2) toothpaste
Toothbrush and toothpaste are two inseparable parts in brushing teeth, and it is not enough to rely on the cleaning function of dentist-study-teaching-education-internet-search-collection brush. After adding toothpaste, the ideal effect of removing dental plaque can be achieved due to the action of friction agent and cleaning agent. Medicinal toothpaste is very popular, such as toothpaste with the functions of preventing caries, diminishing inflammation, stopping bleeding, preventing acid, relieving pain, inhibiting tartar and removing halitosis.
(3) A good cleaning method can only remove about 70% of dental plaque, and the remaining dental plaque is mainly below the contact point of adjacent teeth or other areas that are difficult to clean. There are many tools for cleaning adjacent surfaces, including dental floss and toothpicks.
Other auxiliary tools: small brushes with gaps between teeth, tapered rubber tips, etc. It is a good tool for cleaning adjacent surfaces and massaging teeth.
2. Drug methods for inhibiting dental plaque
(1) metronidazole mouthwash: it is an anti-anaerobic drug, which has obvious inhibitory and killing effects on periodontal anaerobic bacteria. When the concentration of metronidazole in oral cavity reaches 0.025mg%%, it can inhibit common anaerobic bacteria, and when it reaches 3.125 mg%, it can also inhibit actinomycetes. It is an effective drug to control plaque. Rinsing your mouth 2 ~ 3 times a day has a good effect on relieving gingivitis, gingival bleeding, bad breath and periodontitis, and has no irritation to oral mucosa.
(2) Chlorhexidine solution: also known as biguanide hexane solution, is a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent for external use. It can be adsorbed on hydroxyapatite, tooth surface and saliva mucin, and then released slowly, so the action lasts for a long time, the chemical structure is stable, the toxicity is low, it is hardly absorbed by the body, and bacteria are not easy to produce drug resistance. Rinsing with 0.2% solution twice a day can inhibit plaque. Its side effects are mild irritation to oral mucosa, yellowing of tooth surface and back of tongue.