First, to change the hawthorn tree, we must know its characteristics. Some fruit farmers don't understand this truth and think it's enough to copy the pruning methods of apple trees and pear trees. This is actually incorrect. Because different fruit trees have different growth laws and characteristics, what is suitable for apple trees may not be suitable for hawthorn trees, so let's take a look at the characteristics of hawthorn trees first.
Second, first of all, the top advantage of hawthorn tree is particularly strong, and the dryness and layering are stronger than that of apple pear tree. This is the difference between apples and pears. Because of the strong top advantage, some of the results are easy to move out, which is a point that should be paid attention to when transforming trees to avoid the phenomenon of "partial crown"
Third, the growth and development of hawthorn trees have some characteristics: when planting seedlings in the first year, the rooting will be longer than that in the late stage of slow seedling, but it will gradually flourish in the second year. Grow into a small tree, the top grows vigorously, and the base is not easy to sprout. But we can cut off the front end of the basal cryptobud, which can stimulate the germination of cryptobud and rejuvenate the hawthorn tree. In the fruiting period, hawthorn bears fruit earlier, blooms more easily, and the yield is basically stable. But after a large number of fruits, the tree is weak, so pay attention to it when pruning.
Fourth, finally, the hawthorn tree has some fragmentary characteristics: for example, the branches of the hawthorn tree are brittle, so attention should be paid to anti-splitting and safety when climbing the tree in an open angle; There are 2~3 hypertrophy flower buds at the top of branches, which are easy to form mixed flower buds. Don't cut too much when transforming. Let's first look at what structure hawthorn tree is suitable for. In fact, hawthorn can be freely spindle-shaped and happy, but the most suitable structure for hawthorn is sparse layered structure. What the hell should I do? There are three floors left. There are three main branches at the bottom, and the opening angle is kept at 60~70 degrees. The distance between the three floors is different. The second floor is 1.2 meters away from the first floor, and the third floor is 50~60 cm away from the second floor. The height of the stem is 50 cm, the height of the tree is about 3 m, and the distance of the inner layer is about 10 cm. The opening angle of the main branches of the second and third floors is kept at 70 ~.
5. This paper mainly introduces the pruning idea of hawthorn tree in full fruit period. Special attention should be paid to the renewal and rotation of fruiting branches during the full fruit period, which is also the characteristic of hawthorn trees we have learned above. When weak fruit branches appear after the results, they should be pruned or retracted in time to restore their vitality. There will be another situation on the hawthorn trees of some fruit farmers: what should I do at this time? In early March, the middle and lower branches of hawthorn should be carved to stimulate the germination of hidden buds, thus promoting the growth of regenerated branches. Light is also a special point to pay attention to when pruning trees in full fruit. When there are too many auxiliary branches, they should be removed in time to provide sufficient light for the growth of new branches.
Six, hawthorn tree pruning in winter is mainly the construction of the tree skeleton and the transformation of the tree. After the basic skeleton is completed, the next step is to cultivate branches, adjust the tree potential, ensure sufficient light, and control the growth of trees and the balance between fruits. Here, let's talk about two kinds of trees in detail: thinning in winter and happy pruning techniques. Generally speaking, the sparse layer is transformed from multiple main branches and multiple layers, so the branches that are too high and the branches that are too dense between layers should be removed in winter.
Seven, the suggestion here is to improve the angle reservation, but if it affects the homework, it is better to remove it. Regarding the extension length of the main branch, the upper and lower layers are different. Generally, the upper level is one third of the lower level. At the same time, when the head descends, the heel branch should be left behind. When retracting, be sure to remember that the retracted branch is thicker, not less than one third of the embedded part. Happy shape is transformed from sparse layer shape and other tree shapes, with only one layer. Therefore, in the transformation, the opening angle of the main branches is usually kept at about 60 degrees, and at the same time, attention should be paid to the rational distribution and utilization of space to avoid overcrowding of branches.