=

2x

+

10

F(x) is the return value and x is the formal parameter. When you assign a value of 5 to X, the real parameter is 5, and when the value is 10, the real parameter is 10.

Therefore, in short, the argument is the assignment of formal parameters when calling a function.

There is essentially only one way to pass parameters, that is, to pass values.

Address delivery and reference delivery are both conceptual transformations of value delivery, such as

empty

calc(int

*

ptr)；

When it is called, it appears to be an address, but for the formal parameter ptr, its value is initialized as an argument, so it is a value.

The most essential way to understand it is that from the memory point of view, assigning a value to a variable is nothing more than writing a value somewhere in the memory, so you need to pay attention to whether the target memory has been changed. For example, when writing a value to the memory pointed by the pointer parameter, it is written to the memory pointed by the actual parameter, which is the essence of address transfer.