The key points of cultivation and maintenance of Smilax China are as follows:
Cultivation substrate (soil)
It is suitable to choose slightly cloudy, loose soil, good drainage and calcium-free slightly acidic soil as the cultivation substrate for planting Smilax flowers on the ground, and it can also grow well in neutral soil.
The substrate of potted plants containing laughing flowers can be loose, fertile and slightly acidic culture soil with good drainage, which can be made by mixing 4 parts of humus soil, 3 parts of garden soil, 2 parts of compost and 1 part of river sand, or by mixing humus soil, coarse sand and garden soil in the volume ratio of 1: 1.5. Smilax root is fleshy, and a layer of broken tiles or slag should be added to the bottom of the basin to ensure good soil permeability. Part of decomposed cake fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer should be properly applied to the bottom of the basin as base fertilizer.
Transplanted to the upstream basin
Most of the seedlings with laughing flowers planted in the field were transplanted and planted in March-April. When transplanting, you should bring the original soil balls and choose a place with higher terrain and leeward. According to the size of 50 cm in diameter and 50 cm in depth, a three-year-old Michelia seedling should be planted in each hole. After the seedling is stabilized, it should be covered with soil, slightly suppressed and watered.
In spring, put the smiling potted flowers in the pot, and it is best to topdress the plants once three days in advance. Medium-sized flowerpots can be used as containers. During operation, a small amount of soil should be filled in first, and then the formed seedlings should be put in and straightened. Pay attention to less damage to the root system, bring the original soil, slightly compact, and leave the edge. After planting, it should be watered and soaked, put in the shade to slow down the seedlings for about 10 days, and then enter the normal management.
Cultivation and maintenance method of laughing flower
4~6 weeks is not suitable for topdressing, and planting operation is best carried out after the weather is cool or the temperature is low in the evening. Generally, changing pots with a smile is 0 years/kloc-0 times, which is carried out after the flowers wither. When changing pots, knock the plants out of the old pots, remove the old roots and rotten roots, cut off the dense branchlets, put the plants into a new pot, straighten them, put them into the culture soil, shake them while loading the pots, compact them and water them.
Fertilizer and water management
Laughing flowers like wet, but they are afraid of waterlogging. Watering should master the principle of "seeing dry and seeing wet". Water every 1~2 days in spring 1 time. When it is dry and windy, pay attention to sprinkling water on the ground around the flowerpot to maintain a certain air humidity; The temperature is high in summer, so there should be plenty of water. Water 1 time every morning and evening, and sprinkle water on the ground, and dump the accumulated water in the basin in time during the rainstorm; In autumn, according to the actual situation, keep the basin soil moist; Water should be controlled in winter to keep the soil slightly wet.
Water the smiling flowers more when they sprout, and less when the buds form. Too much water is easy to cause flower buds to fall off, so the amount of water can be reduced during flowering to keep the pot soil moist. Xiaoxiao likes slightly acidic soil, so he should water it regularly with alum fertilizer, not tap water. It is best to store it for 1~2 days before use.
Smiling likes to fertilize, but not too much during the growing period. Generally, dilute liquid fertilizer mainly containing nitrogen and phosphorus can be applied 2-3 times during flower bud differentiation and after flowering, and 50 grams of sesame sauce residue or cake fertilizer 1 time in dog days, and fertilization will be stopped in late September.
Lighting control
Smiling flower is a semi-positive flower. It likes places with occasional sunshine and can grow well in sparse shade, but it is afraid of exposure to the hot sun. In the process of cultivation, it is best to let the plants with laughing flowers receive no less than 4 hours of scattered sunlight every day. Pay attention to the high temperature season in summer and autumn, do not expose to the sun, block 50%, and avoid burns. Shading is not needed in other seasons.
Cold and overwintering
Smiling flowers like warmth and are afraid of cold. They grow well in the temperature range of 18~25℃, and the overwintering temperature should not be lower than 10℃. Smiling flowers planted in the north should be moved into the shed for maintenance in the middle and late period of 1 1, and the temperature in the shed should be kept at 5~ 10℃ and begin to grow above 15℃, which is not conducive to overwintering. Pay attention to ventilation. Go out of the shed from the end of March to the beginning of April. Smiling flowers planted in Jiangnan don't need cold protection, and they can overwinter in the open air.
Plastic trimming
Every spring, the smiling face flowers should be pruned to remove pests and diseases, dead branches and over-dense branches, and maintain good ventilation and light transmission. After the flowers wither, the residual flowers should be removed in time to reduce nutrient consumption.
Planting years and plant regeneration
Smiling flowers are perennial plants, the best ornamental period of ground-planted smiling flowers is more than 20 years after self-formation, and the best ornamental period of potted plants is more than 10 years after self-formation. It is not advisable to plant for more than 3 years without turning over the pots. When the growth of plants is weakened by non-management factors, such as smaller leaves and dislike flowering, it is necessary to consider renewing plants.